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meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (group A/C/Y/W135)

✓ Approved

Walvax Biotechnology · 疫苗 · 疫苗

什么是 meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (group A/C/Y/W135)？

meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (group A/C/Y/W135) 是一种疫苗，由Walvax Biotechnology研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

公司Walvax Biotechnology
药物类别疫苗
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection, Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Walvax Biotechnology

治疗适应症

meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (group A/C/Y/W135) 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsMeningococcal bacteraemia✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedEpidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

A Carriage-Structured Model of Meningococcal Meningitis: Backward Bifurcation, Seasonal Recurrence, and the Reach of Conjugate-Vaccine Strategies in the African Meningitis Belt.

Gatyeni Siphokazi Princess SP

Epidemic meningococcal meningitis in the African meningitis belt recurs on two timescales: a sharp annual dry-season peak and irregular multi-annual epidemics five to twelve years apart, whose mechanistic origin remains unsettled. Invasive disease is a rare, dead-end outcome of asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage, so susceptible-infectious templates misrepresent community transmission. We ask how carriage structure shapes bifurcation, seasonal recurrence, and the reach of conjugate-vaccine strategies. We formulate a deterministic carriage-structured model in which only carriers transmit, immunity against re-acquisition is leaky, and a conjugate vaccine is imperfect and wanes. We use the Castillo-Chavez-Song centre manifold method, numerical continuation, Floquet and eigenvalue analysis, and scenario simulations of abstract rate- and pulse-type interventions parameterised from published belt ranges. The basic reproduction number R0 is a property of carriage transmission, decoupled to first order from disease incidence. Backward bifurcation at R0=1 is governed by a threshold ε∗ on carriage-blocking immunity; only the untreated fatality hazard and treatment capacity are absent from the local condition. It is impossible without vaccination and, with any positive routine coverage, persists across the plausible coverage range, giving vaccine-induced bistability. Continuation confirms a fold at R0,c≈0.946 (φ=0.12yr-1, weak carriage immunity), but not at baseline immunity. Under seasonal forcing, dynamics converge to a simple annual cycle throughout the region searched; we found no multi-annual recurrence, although damped eigenmodes of the unforced system have periods overlapping the observed interval. Within this deterministic, single-strain model, irregular recurrence likely requires additional structure, with stochastic amplification of damped cycles a natural next step. Whether sustained immunisation eliminates epidemics or merely postpones them may depend on the same carriage-efficacy threshold that governs the bistability result.

PMID 42930328
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PubMedVeterinary world2026-10-26

Preclinical evaluation of a live attenuated bivalent Trichophyton vaccine for prophylaxis and post-infection treatment of dermatophytosis in rabbits.

Umitzhanov Mynbay M, Bakirov Nurbol N, Sansyzbay Abylay A, Nurpeisova Ainur A et al.

Bovine trichophytosis is a contagious zoonotic dermatophytosis that adversely affects animal health and livestock productivity and poses an occupational risk to people in contact with infected cattle. Although live attenuated vaccines have contributed to disease control, evidence for bivalent formulations targeting multiple Trichophyton species remains limited. This study evaluated the prophylactic activity and post-infection outcomes of a live attenuated bivalent vaccine candidate containing Trichophyton verrucosum and a member of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex in an experimental rabbit model. Thirty-three clinically healthy rabbits were allocated to a prophylactic group (Group I, n = 10), therapeutic group (Group IIa, n = 10), infected untreated histopathology subgroup (Group IIb, n = 3), and intact control group (Group III, n = 10). Group I received two intramuscular vaccinations 14 days apart and was challenged 21 days after the second vaccination, whereas Group IIa was experimentally infected before therapeutic vaccination. Clinical manifestations, body weight, rectal temperature, hematological parameters, mycological culture, and histopathological changes were evaluated. Clinical and histopathological assessments were descriptive and non-blinded. Following experimental challenge, no clinically visible dermatophytosis lesions occurred in prophylactically vaccinated rabbits (0/10), whereas all infected untreated reference rabbits developed lesions (3/3; two-sided Fisher's exact test, p = 0.0035), supporting prophylactic activity. Therapeutically vaccinated rabbits showed progressive regression of visible crusting and hair regrowth; however, the absence of a longitudinal untreated infected group and positive treatment comparator precluded attribution of recovery specifically to vaccination. Dermatophyte growth was recovered from challenged skin after 5-7 days, although species-specific identification and quantitative fungal burden were not determined. Hematological indices showed limited descriptive variation. Histopathology demonstrated inflammatory and degenerative cutaneous lesions in untreated infected rabbits and nonspecific reactive lymphoid changes in vaccinated animals. The live attenuated bivalent vaccine candidate demonstrated promising prophylactic activity against experimental dermatophytosis in rabbits. Post-infection clinical improvement provides preliminary evidence warranting further investigation but cannot establish therapeutic efficacy. Controlled studies in the target host should incorporate adequate comparator groups, standardized lesion scoring, quantitative and species-specific mycology, immunological endpoints, and comprehensive vaccine quality control and stability assessments before field application.

PMID 42928825
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PubMedEpidemiology and infection2026-10-26

An investigation into post-pandemic ethnic group and deprivation inequalities in influenza and COVID-19 hospitalizations.

Scott Meg M, Browning Lucy L, Roberts Tirion T, De Boer Jessica J et al.

Health system decision-makers need evidence on how modifiable factors contribute to inequalities to inform effective interventions. We examined ethnic group and deprivation inequalities in influenza and COVID-19 hospitalizations in England (2023-2024) among vaccine-eligible individuals, using causal mediation analysis to assess the roles of deprivation, vaccination uptake and comorbidities. For influenza, hospitalization odds were highest among Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups, compared with White British individuals. Deprivation mediated 26% of the total ethnic group effect for the Pakistani group and 41% for the Bangladeshi group, whilst comorbidities contributed little. Ethnic group differences in COVID-19 hospitalizations were minimal in this post-pandemic period. For both infections, the most deprived group had disproportionately high hospitalization compared to the least deprived. For influenza, vaccination uptake mediated 17%-26% of deprivation effects, whilst for COVID-19, there were no meaningful residual deprivation inequalities after including vaccination uptake and comorbidities. Vaccination uptake and deprivation mediate a substantial proportion of inequalities in hospitalization for influenza and COVID-19 in the vaccine-eligible cohort. Improving vaccination coverage in under-vaccinated groups should remain a public health priority.

PMID 42929057
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PubMedBritish journal of haematology2026-10-26

The speed of sequencing: Rapid molecular testing in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Siddon Alexa J AJ, Zeidan Amer M AM

Rapid molecular testing has become increasingly important in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), where timely identification of disease defining, prognostic and actionable genetic abnormalities directly influence early clinical management. Castellet et al. demonstrate that a centralized rapid molecular screening programme for newly diagnosed AML patients has benefit in reliably identifying favourable-risk patients and potentially actionable therapeutic targets. They show that rapid molecular testing is complementary, although it should not replace comprehensive next-generation sequencing (NGS) and cytogenetic analysis-balancing curation of important genes and sequencing strategies. Commentary on: Helena Castellet, Rapid molecular screening of adult AML: Experience from the Spanish Grupo Cooperativo de Estudio y Tratamiento de las Leucemias Agudas y Mielodisplásicas (CETLAM) cooperative group. Br J Haematol 2026 (Online ahead of print). doi: 10.1111/bjh.70865.

PMID 42928639
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PubMedGels (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

Maternal, Embryofetal and Teratogenic Toxicity of Gel-Forming Galactomannan from Cassia grandis in Wistar Rats.

Nunes Daniel Medeiros DM, Oliveira André Luís Salvino Alves de ALSA, Oliveira Alisson Rodrigo da Silva ARDS, Soares Anísio Francisco AF et al.

This study aimed to evaluate the potential maternal and developmental toxicity of orally administered galactomannan extracted from Cassia grandis seeds during the pre-implantation and organogenesis periods in Wistar rats. Considering the promising biotechnological potential of this gel-forming polysaccharide, its safety evaluation during pregnancy is essential. In vitro analysis using the MTT assay demonstrated that galactomannan (1-10 µg/mL) was not cytotoxic to L929 fibroblasts. In vivo, pregnant rats treated with 0.1, 1.0, or 10 mg/kg showed no clinical signs of maternal toxicity, including alterations in behavior, body weight gain, or food or water intake. Additionally, no alterations were observed in the absolute or relative weights of maternal organs. During the pre-implantation phase, no differences were observed in the number of corpora lutea, implantation sites, or pre-implantation losses. Histological analyses of implantation sites and placentas revealed normal morphology in all groups. Exposure during organogenesis did not induce external, visceral, or skeletal malformations, and no significant changes were detected in reproductive parameters. A significant overall difference in fetal body weight was observed with a significant pairwise difference only between the 0.1 and 10 mg/kg groups; however, neither group differed significantly from the control. In conclusion, the oral administration of C. grandis galactomannan at the tested doses did not produce maternal, embryotoxic, or teratogenic effects in Wistar rats. However, further studies involving broader dose ranges, larger sample sizes, and formulation-specific assessments are necessary before conclusions regarding reproductive safety in biomedical applications can be established.

PMID 42929970
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PubMedActas espanolas de psiquiatria2026-10-26

Risk Factors for Depressive Status in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Case-Control Study.

Tang Tian T, He Ying Y, Tang Cong C, Yang Xiaorong X

This study aimed to characterize clinical features of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) comorbid with depression, and to explore the relationship between OCD symptom severity and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores. This retrospective study enrolled 202 patients with OCD treated at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2021 and December 2025, none of whom had received anti-OCD or antidepressant pharmacotherapy during the 8 weeks prior to enrolment. Of these participants, 96 patients presented comorbid depression (depression group, HAMD-17 ≥ 8), and 106 patients had no comorbid depression (non-depression group, HAMD-17 < 8). Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was used to identify independent variables associated with comorbid depression for constructing a Logistic regression model. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) total score, obsession score and compulsion score with HAMD-17 scores in the depression group. The depression group showed a significantly longer disease course (98.62 ± 9.00 months vs. 93.02 ± 8.96 months, t = 4.427, p < 0.001) and a lower proportion of first-time consultations (32.29% vs. 49.06%, χ2 = 5.849, p = 0.016). Comorbid anxiety (28.12% vs. 8.49%, χ2 = 13.260, p <0.001) and family history of psychosis (23.96% vs. 5.66%, χ2 = 13.718, p < 0.001) were more frequent in the depression group. LASSO regression (1SE lambda = 0.017) selected six variables for the logistic model: comorbid anxiety, family history of psychosis, medical payment type, OCD severity (moderate-severe vs. mild), obsession severity and compulsion severity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified comorbid anxiety (OR = 3.418, 95%CI: 1.202-9.715), family history of psychosis (OR = 2.649, 95% CI: 1.050-6.680), OCD severity (OR = 1.618, 95% CI: 1.035-2.529), obsession severity (OR = 1.826, 95%CI:1.059-3.148), and compulsion severity (OR = 2.980, 95% CI: 1.361-6.527) as independent risk factors for comorbid depression (all p < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that Y-BOCS total score, obsession score, and compulsion score were all significantly positively correlated with HAMD score (r = 0.577, r = 0.649, r = 0.721, respectively; all p < 0.05). Comorbid anxiety, a family history of psychosis, and greater severity of OCD may significantly increase the risk of comorbid depression in patients with OCD. The severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms demonstrates a moderate to strong positive correlation with depression severity.

PMID 42928682
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