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chlorhexidine gluconate (PerioChip)

✓ Approved

Dexcel Pharma Ltd. · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 chlorhexidine gluconate？

chlorhexidine gluconate 是一种小分子，由Dexcel Pharma Ltd.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Surgical Implantation。

药物档案

商品名PerioChip
公司Dexcel Pharma Ltd.
药物类别小分子
给药途径Surgical Implantation
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Dexcel Pharma Ltd.

治疗适应症

chlorhexidine gluconate 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsPeriodontitis✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedCureus2026-10-26

A Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Three Different Mouthwashes on Salivary pH in Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Jeevagan Sruthi S, Mora Sathi Rami Reddy SRR, N Mohamed Rahmankhan MR, Vijaykumar V V et al.

Introduction Orthodontic appliances have been reported to influence salivary composition and properties, including alterations in pH and buffering capacity, which may increase the vulnerability of patients to caries development. In addition to mechanical plaque control, mouthwashes and other chemical agents are frequently advised to improve oral hygiene in orthodontic patients. This randomized clinical experiment assesses and compares the effects of three distinct mouthwashes on the salivary pH level in patients receiving fixed orthodontic therapy. Methods This randomized parallel-group single-blind clinical trial involved 120 patients who attended fixed orthodontic treatment, randomly divided into three groups (n = 40 each): Hetafu CUTE, chlorhexidine, and Listerine mouthwash users. Every participant received two 10-15 mL rinses per day, each of which lasted 30-60 seconds. Saliva pH was measured using standard pH paper at baseline, directly after mouthwash use (five minutes), and one week after the beginning of the intervention. The results were analyzed using a mixed-design repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Greenhouse-Geisser correction, and Bonferroni-adjusted post-hoc comparisons were performed where appropriate. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results A total of 120 participants were included, with 40 in each group. Baseline salivary pH was comparable among the groups (p = 0.157). At five minutes, salivary pH was higher with Hetafu CUTE (7.75 ± 0.78) than with chlorhexidine (7.08 ± 1.00) and Listerine (7.15 ± 1.37) (p = 0.014). At one week, pH increased with Hetafu CUTE (7.93 ± 0.69) but decreased with chlorhexidine (6.78 ± 0.80) and Listerine (6.70 ± 1.34) (p < 0.001). The group × time interaction was statistically significant (p < 0.001), with Bonferroni-adjusted comparisons showing higher pH with Hetafu CUTE than chlorhexidine (p = 0.006) and Listerine (p = 0.023). Conclusion Within the scope of the study, the Hetafu CUTE mouth rinse showed a more pronounced and prolonged increase in saliva pH compared to Listerine and chlorhexidine. This characteristic may contribute to the maintenance of oral pH homeostasis and prevention of enamel demineralization and white spot lesions. However, further research, including large-scale randomized controlled trials, is warranted to validate these findings and establish the clinical efficacy of Hetafu CUTE.

PMID 42928919
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PubMedPeerJ2026-10-26

In vitro evaluation of N-acetylcysteine, calcium hydroxide, chlorhexidine digluconate and their combinations effect against five dental obligate anaerobic bacteria.

de Carvalho Lara Steffany LS, de Oliveira Júlia Andrade JA, Cezarino Gabriel Manente GM, Dos Santos Luiz Augusto Rodrigues LAR et al.

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial action of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2, chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), and their combinations against five obligate anaerobic bacteria including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Parvimonas micra in planktonic and biofilm forms. Eight experimental groups were evaluated in this study including saline solution (SS) (control group), Ca(OH)2, CHX, NAC, NAC + Ca(OH)2, NAC + CHX, Ca(OH)2 + CHX, and NAC + Ca(OH)2 + CHX. The anti-planktonic evaluation was performed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (CLSI M11). The antibiofilm was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and crystal violet (CV) assays. Data were analyzed statistically considering a significant level of (α ≤ 0.05). It was found that the MIC and MBC values of the tested intracanal medications ranged from 1.95-500 mg/mL. MTT and CV assays showed significant, species-dependent antibiofilm activity. CHX was most effective against F. nucleatum; NAC-based medications, especially combined with Ca(OH)2 and/or CHX, were superior against P. endodontalis, P. intermedia, and P. micra. Ca(OH)2-containing groups were particularly effective against P. gingivalis. Therefore, NAC + Ca(OH)2 and NAC + Ca(OH)2 + CHX can be considered as effective combinations of intracanal medication against different obligate anaerobic bacteria.

PMID 42928779
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PubMedDentistry journal2026-10-26

Alternative Strategies for Managing Dental Black Stains: A Systematic Review.

Boukhancha Omaima O, Amimer Manal M, Chala Sanaa S

Background/Objectives: Dental black stains (BSs) are a form of extrinsic tooth discoloration of bacterial origin, with a prevalence ranging from 2.4% to 20%. As scaling and polishing remain the standard of care, recurrence is frequent. Therefore, this systematic review assessed alternative or adjunctive treatments, such as probiotics, chemical agents, and photodynamic therapy, for managing BSs. The primary objective was to evaluate clinical changes in BS recurrence and severity, while the secondary objective was to analyze microbiological changes. Methods: Conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (CRD420261357137), this review searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source through EBSCOhost as well as clinical trial registers (ClinicalTrials.gov and ISRCTN) and grey literature, up to 30 April 2026, with no language or date restrictions. We included randomized and non-randomized clinical trials. Two independent reviewers performed study selection and data extraction; a third resolved disagreements. We assessed risk of bias using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I V2, and quality of evidence using GRADE. Results: Of 716 records identified, eight clinical trials (five randomized clinical trials and three non-randomized clinical trials were included), with 250 patients enrolled and 227 assessed at follow-up. Four intervention categories were investigated: probiotics, antimicrobial mouthwashes (0.1%, 0.12% chlorhexidine and 0.1% chlorine dioxide), enzyme-containing toothpaste, and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Probiotics may reduce BS indices, though the effect was inconsistent over time. In a single small, randomized study, chlorine dioxide showed a short-term reduction in bacterial viability greater than chlorhexidine. aPDT and enzyme-containing toothpaste did not show a significant benefit in the included studies. High risk of bias, heterogeneity, and the small sample prevented quantitative synthesis. Conclusions: Evidence supporting alternative strategies for managing recurrent dental BSs or reducing chromogenic bacterial load remains insufficient. Larger RCTs with standardized outcomes and longer follow-up are needed.

PMID 42930404
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PubMedDentistry journal2026-10-26

Implant-Abutment Interface Gels in Two-Piece Implant Systems: The "Guardian-Hazard" Paradigm-A Scoping Review.

Anastasiadis Konstantinos K, Kokoti Maria M, Bakopoulou Athina A, Romanos Georgios G

Background/Objectives: Antiseptic gels applied at the implant-abutment interface (IAI) aim to reduce microbial leakage and peri-implant inflammation. However, introducing viscous media into a precision screw joint may affect tribology, preload maintenance, mechanical stability and corrosion-related processes. This scoping review mapped evidence on chlorhexidine (CHX) and other IAI gels, considering their biological, mechanical and electrochemical effects. Methods: Following PRISMA-ScR and a Population-Concept-Context framework, in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies of two-piece implant systems were eligible if they evaluated CHX or another sealing gel at the IAI and reported microbial, mechanical or electrochemical outcomes. English-language full texts published between 2015 and 2025 were identified through PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect and reference screening. Findings were synthesised qualitatively within "Guardian" (biological protection) and "Hazard" (mechanical or electrochemical effects) domains. Results: Of 241 records, 16 met the inclusion criteria. CHX gels reduced intra-implant bacterial counts, although their sealing effect was limited and time-dependent. Silicone-based sealants generally achieved better microbial leakage control and, in several studies, maintained or increased reverse torque values compared with dry controls. Conversely, aqueous or oil-based antiseptic agents frequently reduced reverse torque, suggesting lubrication-related effects on screw-joint stability. No study directly quantified tribocorrosion associated with specific gels. Conclusions: IAI gels may provide biological protection, but their effects depend on formulation and are not exclusively antimicrobial. Silicone-based materials demonstrated the most favourable combined microbial and mechanical performance. Tribocorrosion remains insufficiently investigated, highlighting the need for integrated microbial, mechanical and electrochemical studies.

PMID 42930437
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PubMedReports (MDPI)2026-10-25

Adjunctive Antimicrobial Therapy in Peri-Implant Diseases: A Narrative Review.

Pliaka Dorothea D, Fytros Filippos F, Zisis Stefanos S, Zisis Vasileios V et al.

Background: Effective management of peri-implant disease relies primarily on mechanical removal of the bacterial biofilm. However, achieving adequate surface decontamination can be challenging due to complex implant-surface morphology and restricted access to deep peri-implant pockets. This has prompted the use of adjunctive antimicrobial agents to complement mechanical therapy and improve therapeutic outcomes. Objective: To investigate whether the adjunctive use of antimicrobial strategies improves clinical, microbiological, and radiographic outcomes in patients with peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods: A structured narrative review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus in July 2026. No database filters concerning language, human participants or study design were applied. During the screening process, only randomized controlled clinical trials involving human participants and available as English-language full texts were selected. Eligible interventions included locally or systemically administered antibiotics, antiseptics, antimicrobial drug-delivery systems, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), ozone-based therapies, and microbiome-modulating adjuncts. Conventional laser therapy was not classified as an eligible antimicrobial intervention. The database searches retrieved 462 records, including 252 from PubMed and 210 from Scopus. Following duplicate removal and eligibility assessment, 100 publications representing 93 independent clinical trials were included. Results: adjunctive antimicrobial efficacy was highly variable and appeared to depend on disease severity, debridement strategy, antimicrobial agent, delivery modality, and follow-up period. Repeated or sustained local antimicrobial delivery was associated with modest, short-term benefits in several studies, whereas chlorhexidine (CHX) generally provided limited additional benefit over mechanical therapy. Evidence for systemic antibiotics remained inconsistent and insufficient to support routine use, while aPDT offered potential benefits that varied according to treatment protocol. Ozone therapy, herbal agents, and novel drug-delivery systems yielded encouraging preliminary results, although evidence remains scarce. Moreover, reductions in bleeding and probing depth (PD) did not reliably correspond to superior microbiological outcomes, radiographic bone gain, or complete disease resolution. Conclusions: Mechanical debridement (MD) and effective plaque control remain central to peri-implant disease management. Some adjunctive interventions produced modest short-term improvements in individual studies; however, the available evidence does not demonstrate durable disease control or support routine use. Therapeutic decisions should be tailored to disease severity, patient and implant characteristics, and the balance between potential benefits and antimicrobial-associated risks. Further well-designed and adequately powered randomized controlled trials with extended follow-up periods are needed to establish more definitive recommendations.

PMID 42924817
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PubMedThe Journal of hospital infection2026-10-23

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effectiveness of a Chlorhexidine Gluconate-Impregnated Intravenous Catheter Dressing.

Bashir Muhammad Hamid MH, Hollingsworth Angela A, Zhang Ying Y, Morse Dan D et al.

Standard intravenous catheter securement dressings permit microbial regrowth at the insertion site, which can contribute to hospital-onset bloodstream infections. We evaluated the antimicrobial activity of a chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)-impregnated intravenous dressing. Antimicrobial performance was assessed using an in vitro assay against eight microorganisms after 168-hour exposure to CHG dressings and two randomised, controlled studies in healthy adults comparing CHG and placebo dressings. Skin flora were measured at baseline and after 24, 72, and 168 hours on skin without antiseptic preparation (n=21 study participants) and on skin prepared with 70% isopropyl alcohol or 2% CHG to assess regrowth suppression (n=31 study participants). In vitro, CHG dressings reduced bacteria, yeast, and mould populations after 168 hours. In vivo, CHG dressings significantly reduced skin flora compared with the control on skin without antiseptic preparation at 24 (-1.49 log10 CFU/cm2 decrease), 72 (-2.10 log10 CFU/cm2 decrease), and 168 hours (-2.74 log10 CFU/cm2 decrease; P<0.0001). Following isopropyl alcohol skin preparation, CHG dressings significantly suppressed microbial regrowth compared with control at 24 (-1.03 log10 CFU/cm2 decrease), 72 (-1.31 log10 CFU/cm2 decrease), and 168 hours (-1.42 log10 CFU/cm2 decrease; P<0.0001). Similar reductions were observed following skin preparation with 2% CHG at 24 (-0.87 log10 CFU/cm2 decrease), 72 (-1.27 log10 CFU/cm2 decrease), and 168 hours (-1.34 log10 CFU/cm2 decrease; P<0.0001). The CHG-impregnated intravenous dressing demonstrated sustained, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity in vitro and suppressed skin flora regrowth for up to seven days. These data support the use of CHG dressings as an adjunct to standard insertion and maintenance practices to reduce insertion-site microbial burden during clinically relevant dwell times.

PMID 42918580
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