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menthol (Nopika / menthol, Vinas)

✓ Approved

Vinas · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 menthol？

menthol 是一种小分子，由Vinas研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Topical。

药物档案

商品名Nopika, menthol, Vinas
公司Vinas
药物类别小分子
给药途径Topical
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Vinas

治疗适应症

menthol 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersPruritus✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedDentistry journal2026-10-26

Effects of E-Liquids and Their Aerosols with and Without Flavors on OKF6/TERT-2 Oral Epithelial Cells: Consequences of Heating and Aerosolization on Cell Viability.

Palazzolo Dominic L DL, Hill Maleiya M, Beauti Sumar S, Brown Mikaela M et al.

Background: Multiple effects of flavored E-liquids or E-liquid aerosols on various cell lines have been reported. However, concentrations of E-liquids and aerosols are not usually equivalent, making it difficult to determine the relative effect heating and aerosolization plays on the cells tested. To match concentrations of E-liquids with their aerosols, the mass and the concentration of the E-liquid nicotine dissolved in culture media must be compared to that of the aerosol bubbled into the culture media. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of equivalent amounts of E-liquids and their aerosols ± flavors (tobacco, menthol, cinnamon, strawberry and blueberry) on the morphology and viability of OKF6/TERT-2 oral epithelial cells. Methods: HPLC-UV was used to measure nicotine concentrations in culture media containing E-liquids or aerosols. Morphology and viability of OKF6/TERT-2 cells exposed to equivalent amounts of E-liquids or aerosols over a 24 h period were subsequently assessed using light microscopy, LDH cytotoxicity assays, flow cytometry and DAPI staining. Results: One hundred puffs of aerosol bubbled into 50 mL of media is equivalent to 0.17% E-liquid. As indicated by altered morphology, increased LDH activity, flow cytometry and DAPI fluorescent staining, OKF6/TERT-2 cells are negatively impacted by 100 puffs of aerosols flavored with strawberry resulting in reduced cell viability, while the same amount of E-liquids directly administered have minimal to no effect. Conclusions: The data suggests that heating and aerosolization enhance the cytotoxic effect of strawberry flavored E-liquid.

PMID 42930422
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PubMedEuropean journal of sport science2026-10-25

Dyspnea Reduction With L-Menthol Inhalation Improves High-Intensity Endurance Running Performance in Healthy Trained Adults.

Lopes Thiago Ribeiro TR, Pereira Adriano de Almeida AA, Gomes Felipe Silva FS, Duarte Daniel Gonçalves DG et al.

Dyspnea occurs during high-intensity running in healthy trained individuals and may limit endurance performance. Given that L-menthol inhalation can alleviate dyspnea in other contexts, we investigated whether L-menthol inhalation reduces dyspnea and improves endurance performance during high-intensity running in healthy trained individuals. Nine females (mean ± standard deviation; V ˙ O2peak = 55.8 ± 6.8 mL/kg/min) and nine males ( V ˙ O2peak = 60.3 ± 4.6 mL/kg/min) endurance runners with normal spirometry completed a randomized crossover counterbalanced trial with L-menthol inhalation or a strawberry scent (placebo). Performance was measured with a treadmill time-to-exhaustion (TTE) test at 85% of the peak velocity achieved during a preliminary cardiopulmonary exercise test. Cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and perceptual responses were measured throughout. Compared with the placebo, L-menthol inhalation reduced dyspnea across the TTE test (∼1 AU; p = 0.004) and extended the TTE test duration (406 ± 94 vs. 445 ± 106 s; p = 0.009). Pulmonary ventilation (p = 0.377), tidal volume (p = 0.298), O2 consumption (p = 0.277), CO2 production (p = 0.786), pulse O2 saturation (p = 0.766), and heart rate (p = 0.974) did not differ between conditions. Breathing frequency was lower with L-menthol inhalation than with placebo (p = 0.045). L-menthol inhalation attenuated dyspnea and enhanced high-intensity running endurance performance without substantial changes in cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses to exercise. These results suggest that dyspnea constitutes an important constraint on endurance performance during high-intensity running in healthy trained individuals, and identify acute L-menthol inhalation as an effective ergogenic strategy for this exercise modality and population. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (U1111-1289-3438).

PMID 42922437
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PubMedResearch square2026-10-25

Carryover of neotame, WS-23, and other additives from popular disposable e-cigarettes to aerosol.

Mellinghoff Remi A RA, Maday Isabel X IX, Bouldin Elena M EM, Anastas Paul T PT et al.

Introduction : Disposable e-cigarette devices are popular among youth with fruit and candy flavored products dominating the market. While the addition of novel sweeteners and synthetic coolants has been quantified in the e-liquid of such devices, the relative amount of these compounds transferred into the aerosol and inhaled by users remains unknown. In this study, popular US disposable e-cigarette devices were analyzed for coolant, sweetener, and nicotine concentration, and subsequent carryover to aerosol was determined using an established protocol with cold-finger traps to collect aerosol. Methods 12 popular disposable e-cigarettes were identified and purchased between 2023-26, and 3 Sensa devices labeled as "0-nicotine" and 2 SpreeBar devices labeled to contain "Metatine" (6-methylnicotine) were also included to probe for the effect of nicotine on carryover. Menthol, nicotine, 6-methylnicotine (6MN), the synthetic coolants WS-23 and WS-3, and the artificial sweeteners neotame and sucralose were quantified in the liquids and the generated aerosol (20 puffs in triplicate) of 17 disposable e-cigarettes using GC-FID and LC-MS-MS. Results Neotame and WS-23 were present in all 17 devices at concentrations ranging from 0.05-2.73 mg/g and 3.52-35.0 mg/g, respectively. Nicotine was found in 11/17 devices, menthol in 9/17, WS-3 in 4/17, sucralose in 2/17, and 6MN in 2/17. Mean carryover rates to aerosol were: Neotame 40 ± 13%, WS-23 84 ± 9%, nicotine 88 ± 12%, menthol 81 ± 8%, WS-3 88 ± 10%, and sucralose and 6MN carryover ranged from 26-54% and 72-77%, respectively. Conclusions Although carryover rates to aerosol were lower for sweeteners compared to nicotine and coolants, users of these devices can be expected to be exposed to substantial amounts of the quantified 6 compounds. It is unclear whether neotame is thermally stable or breaks down during the aerosolization process. This study aims to provide a foundation for future toxicological and pharmacological studies that are needed to better understand the implications of chronic inhalation of neotame, WS-23 and the other tested compounds.

PMID 42926884
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PubMedAddiction (Abingdon, England)2026-10-25

Changes in preferred e-cigarette flavor, nicotine concentration, wattage and air valve settings and cigarette consumption during a switching trial.

Cho Yoo Jin YJ, Hinton Alice A, Nshimiyimana Jean J, Mehta Toral T et al.

To characterize changes in preferred e-cigarette (EC) flavor, nicotine concentration, wattage and air valve openness over 12 weeks among adults who smoke and are attempting to switch to ECs, and examine whether these changes are associated with cigarettes smoked per day (CPD). Secondary analysis of two arms of a three-arm randomized controlled trial (NCT03113136). Two Midwestern United States cities. 265 adults uninterested in quitting smoking (38% male, 62% female, mean age 40.0 years, 83% white, mean 17 CPD), randomized to lower-wattage EC (n = 132) or higher-wattage EC (n = 133). Preferred EC flavor (tobacco/tobacco blend, menthol, fruit/sweet), nicotine concentration, wattage, air valve openness (higher-wattage EC only) and CPD were assessed at baseline, 1-week, 4-week, 8-week and 12-week follow-ups. Over 12 weeks, mean CPD decreased by approximately 10 cigarettes, from 16.7 to 6.6 in the lower-wattage group and from 17.4 to 7.0 in the higher-wattage group. Most participants preferred fruit/sweet flavors (58.2% at week 12). Throughout the study, participants preferred nicotine concentrations of 12 mg/ml in the lower-wattage group and 6 mg/ml in the higher-wattage group. Preferred nicotine concentrations generally decreased from baseline to week 12 for both groups, though the decrease was statistically significant only in the lower-wattage group. In the higher-wattage group, preferred wattage and air valve openness generally increased from baseline to week 12, with a statistically significant increase observed only for wattage from baseline to week 8 (23.22 W to 27.07 W). In the lower-wattage group, preferred EC settings were not associated with CPD at follow-ups. In the higher-wattage group, menthol flavor preference (vs. tobacco) and higher nicotine concentrations were associated with CPD reductions at follow-ups. Among adults who smoke cigarettes and are switching to e-cigarettes, preferences for e-cigarette settings (flavor, nicotine concentration, wattage and air valve openness) did not change substantially over the first 12 weeks of use. Flavors and nicotine concentration options may support smoking reduction in adults who transition to e-cigarettes.

PMID 42924544
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PubMedFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026-10-25

A melatonin textile transdermal patch based on physicochemical synergistic permeation-enhancement strategy for circadian rhythm regulation.

Zhao Juyang J, Liu Jinzhi J, Lin Jiahan J, Liu Mingtao M et al.

Melatonin, an endogenous circadian rhythm-regulating hormone, has faced challenges in achieving prolonged exogenous regulation due to its low oral bioavailability and short half-life. Existing transdermal strategies are difficult to balance efficacy, safety, and accessibility. To address this, we propose a physicochemical synergistic permeation-enhancement strategy and have developed a melatonin textile transdermal patch based on the synergistic action of electret and permeation enhancer. The patch is designed with a three-layer composite structure, composed of a textile-based electret backing layer, a drug-loading pressure sensitive adhesive layer containing melatonin and permeation enhancer, and a protective layer to prevent drug leakage. Electret and permeation enhancer enhance transdermal efficiency through a physicochemical synergistic permeation-enhancement strategy without disrupting the skin barrier. In vitro studies revealed that among various permeation enhancers (menthol, azone, oleic acid) and electret parameters, the combination of a -1500 V electret with 10% oleic acid exhibited the optimal synergistic effect. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that the patch reached a peak plasma concentration (>30 ng/mL) within 1 h and maintained effective therapeutic levels (>5 ng/mL) for up to 8 h. The patch significantly improved the sleep quality in insomniac rats, with no observed skin irritation or cytotoxicity. This study not only accomplishes an efficient, non-invasive, and parametrically tunable transdermal delivery of melatonin but also validates the feasibility of synergistic enhancement through physical field regulation and chemical permeation, thereby providing a viable strategy for developing safe and long-acting textile-based transdermal drug delivery systems aimed at neuroendocrine small-molecule hormones similar to melatonin.

PMID 42922935
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PubMedChemistryOpen2026-10-25

DBS-Based Hydrophobic Nonionic Supramolecular Eutectogels: Bridging Molecular Insights to Water Remediation.

Carotti Chiara C, Riva Laura L, Mannu Alberto A, Rossetti Arianna A et al.

Supramolecular hydrophobic eutectogels (HEG) are an emerging class of soft materials. They combine the high solvation ability and sustainability profile of hydrophobic eutectic solvents (HES) with the mechanical stability and easy separation and handling of supramolecular gels. However, the relationship between the molecular organization of the HES liquid phase confined within the supramolecular gel, the bulk properties of the gel matrix, and the functional performance of the final material remains largely unexplored. Here, HEG were prepared by self-assembly of the low-molecular-weight gelator 1,3:2,4-dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol (DBS) at two concentrations (2 and 5 wt%) in four nonionic HES (trioctylphosphineoxide:DL-menthol, trioctylphosphineoxide:dodecanoic acid, DL-menthol:oleic acid, and octanoic acid:dodecanoic acid). The HEG were investigated by a combination of rheology, high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HRMAS) NMR spectroscopy, and diffusion measurements, providing a comprehensive description of the materials covering mechanical properties, molecular organization, and translational mobility under confinement. Their potential as economically and environmentally sustainable sorbents in water remediation was demonstrated in the removal of bisphenol A (BPA) from aqueous solutions. The extraction efficiency and cross-contamination arising from HEG component leaching were shown to depend on the interplay between HES-specific intermolecular interactions and DBS-induced confinement. Indeed, the supramolecular organization induced by the gelator introduces an additional level of control over molecular mobility, thus affecting both BPA uptake and leaching. Among the investigated systems, trioctylphosphineoxide-based HEG provided the most favorable balance between BPA removal and leaching of the HEG components, while maintaining their structural and molecular properties after extraction. BPA extraction efficiencies above 98.5% were achieved for the systems containing 5 wt% DBS after 16 h, while quantitative NMR analysis showed low leaching of HEG components (<0.3 wt%). These findings support HEG as versatile materials where molecular organization and mobility, mechanical properties, and pollutant affinity can be tailored to design functional soft materials for separation processes and beyond.

PMID 42924926
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