pneumococcal vaccine

A bivalent oral yeast vaccine displaying Nocardia seriolae FHA and LMBV MCP confers protection in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Lu Jianfei J, Gu Boge B, Yu Pengzhen P, Chen Jiong J

Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBV) and Nocardia seriolae are major pathogens affecting largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), causing significant economic losses. In this study, recombinant yeasts expressing the fibronectin-binding protein A (FHA) of N. seriolae or the major capsid protein (MCP) of LMBV were constructed using the yeast surface display (YSD) system. Based on these recombinant strains, a bivalent oral yeast-based vaccine was developed and its protective efficacy was systematically evaluated. Oral administration of the vaccine induced specific antibodies against FHA and MCP in serum, as well as increased the transcription levels of adaptive immune genes (IgM, IgT, MHC-II) and innate immune genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-1, Mx2) in the hindgut, liver, and spleen. Importantly, the bivalent oral vaccine provided significant protection against both pathogens in largemouth bass, with relative percent survival (RPS) values of 56.7% against N. seriolae and 63.3% against LMBV. Meanwhile, the oral vaccine reduced pathogen loads and alleviated histopathological lesions. In summary, these findings suggest that the bivalent oral vaccine developed in this study could serve as a promising strategy for controlling N. seriolae and LMBV infections in largemouth bass aquaculture.

Genomic characterization of the attenuated human cytomegalovirus strain TR-VAC developed for subviral particle vaccine production.

Schmidt Hanno H, Hewel Charlotte C, Büscher Nicole N, Linke Matthias M et al.

We report the complete genome sequence of the attenuated human cytomegalovirus strain TR-VAC, developed for subviral particle vaccine production. Oxford Nanopore duplex sequencing confirmed all engineered modifications, including UL130 repair, UL25 stop codons, ddFKBP insertion, GFP deletion, and retention of the bacterial artificial chromosome backbone, without large-scale structural rearrangements.

Vaccine hesitancy in peripheral communities: Combating digital malpractice.

Siddiqui Gulnaz Fatima GF, Siddiqui Shahid Akhtar SA

Sports, culture and tourism in cities along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal: sustainable development via SWOT analysis and point-axis spatial optimization.

Hongda Tian T, Yonghu Zhang Z

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (BHGC) serves as a significant cultural, economic, and ecological corridor in China. The cities situated along the canal possess distinctive sports, cultural, and tourism resources that enhance their prominence within the global canal system. Nevertheless, it also faces challenges, such as the necessity to strengthen the inheritance and utilization of sports culture, enhance the quality of the tourism experience, and deepen the integration of sports culture with tourism (SCT). Moreover, current research lacks a comprehensive review of the resource endowment, developmental advantages, limitations, opportunities, and threats related to SCT in cities along the BHGC. This study utilizes the SWOT analysis framework to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats linked to SCT along the BHGC, based on data derived from literature reviews, field surveys, and expert interviews. In light of these results of SWOT, we recommend leveraging developmental opportunities, such as the establishment of the National Cultural (GCNC) Parks along the BHGC, the rising disposable income of residents along the canal, and the successful bid for World Heritage status, to advance regional planning. Simultaneously, we strive to mitigate risks such as tourist diversion across various tourism markets, inadequate coordinated growth, and a scarcity of specialized professionals. Our approach involves leveraging internal and resource strengths to implement strategies encompassing sports tourism demonstration bases, comprehensive development, collaborative marketing, and integrated services. Furthermore, building on these analysis results, we have devised a point-axis development framework termed "one axis, three segments, and multiple nodes," drawing on cultural route and point-axis model theories to inform spatial planning. Future research will concentrate on improving the inclusion of tourists and residents in the sample and refining qualitative research methods prior to quantitative analysis. This paper offers theoretical underpinning and practical insights for BHGC cities to enhance their sustainable cultural tourism.