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botulinum toxin type A (Coretox)

✓ Approved

Medytox · 治疗药物

什么是 botulinum toxin type A？

botulinum toxin type A 是一种治疗药物，由Medytox研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)。

药物档案

商品名Coretox
公司Medytox
给药途径Injectable (Others)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Medytox

治疗适应症

botulinum toxin type A 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersSkin wrinkling✓ Approved
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersMuscle spasmsPhase III

相关研究文献

PubMedInternational journal of nanomedicine2026-09-10

Development and Humanization of a Camelid-Derived Neutralizing Nanobody Targeting Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A.

Jiang Yujia Y, Xin Wenwen W, Lu Jiansheng J, Wang Rong R et al.

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), produced by Clostridium botulinum, is one of the most potent neurotoxins, causing botulism, a potentially fatal paralytic disease. Among different serotypes, BoNT/A is the most potent and the primary cause of botulism. The receptor-binding domain (Hc) of BoNT is crucial for targeting host cell receptors, making it a key therapeutic target. This study aims to develop neutralizing antibodies against BoNT/A by isolating camelid-derived nanobodies (Nbs) targeting BoNT/A-Hc (AHc). A panel of Nbs specifically targeting AHc was isolated from a camelid immune phage display library. The VHH fragments were fused with human IgG Fc (hFc) to generate VHH-hFc fusion proteins. Neutralizing activity was evaluated using a murine lethality assay following pre-incubation of antibody and toxin. Potent Nbs were humanized through homology modeling, which predicts a theoretically reduced risk of immunogenicity. The affinity of the parent and humanized antibodies to AHc was measured using biolayer interferometry (BLI). Their biophysical properties, including thermal stability and aggregation propensity, were assessed by differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF), static light scattering (SLS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Fifty-nine unique VHH clones were identified, four of which provided complete protection against a 20 LD50 BoNT/A challenge in mice. The most potent antibodies, 1A1 and 1A3, exhibited ED50 of 0.47 μg per mouse, corresponding to a neutralizing potency of 4.3 IU/mg. Upon humanization, the variants hA1 and hA3 showed strong binding affinities, with KD ranging from 1 to 2 nM. The humanized variant hA1 demonstrated superior neutralizing activity against BoNT/A, exhibiting an ED50 of 0.12 μg and a potency of 17.1 IU/mg, which represents an approximate four-fold increase compared to the parental antibody (1A1). Additionally, hA1 demonstrated enhanced thermal stability and minimal aggregation propensity. Humanized Nbs could serve as an attractive platform for developing novel botulism therapeutics, with potential advantages over traditional serum antitoxins in safety profile, clinical tolerability and scalable manufacturing. These favorable traits render them viable candidates for next-generation antitoxins against BoNT/A poisoning. Humanized Nb hA1 displays potent neutralizing activity and optimized biophysical properties, implying its value as a preclinical lead for botulism intervention. Nevertheless, systematic follow-up studies covering post-exposure protective efficacy, direct immunogenicity testing and comprehensive safety profiling are required to fully validate its translational prospects.

PMID 42719415
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PubMedPain medicine (Malden, Mass.)2026-09-10

Facial pain in patients with hemifacial spasm: A prospective cohort study.

Soares Miriam Carvalho MC, Silva Mariana de Almeida Cruz MAC, Franco Clélia Maria Ribeiro CMR, Sampaio Rocha-Filho Pedro Augusto PA

To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of facial pain in patients with primary hemifacial spasm (HFS), identify factors associated with its occurrence, and evaluate its longitudinal course following botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) treatment. Prospective cohort study with 4 months of follow-up. Tertiary public referral center. Eighty-seven adults with primary HFS receiving BoNT-A treatment. Median age was 66 years, 71.3% were women, and median disease duration was 13 years (IQR 8-20). Participants underwent standardized assessment using a semi-structured questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire, facial pain diary, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Hemifacial Spasm Grading Questionnaire. Clinical characteristics and factors associated with facial pain were analyzed, and pain outcomes were assessed longitudinally following BoNT-A treatment. Facial pain was present in 40.2% of patients, predominantly involving the periorbital region (77.1%) and occurring ipsilateral to the spasm (85.7%). Median pain frequency was 5 days/month (IQR 3-15), intensity 6/10 (IQR 5-8), and duration 5 hours (IQR 1-20). In multivariable analysis, facial pain was independently associated with female sex (OR 3.47, 95% CI 1.00-11.97; p = 0.049) and greater subjective disease burden, measured by the HFS Global Subjective score (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.03; p = 0.034), but not with objective motor severity. Although 88.2% of patients reported subjective improvement after BoNT-A, objective pain measures remained unchanged during follow-up. Facial pain is a frequent non-motor manifestation of HFS, affecting approximately 40% of patients. Its association with greater subjective disease burden, but not objective motor severity, suggests that pain represents a clinically relevant dimension of HFS not captured by motor assessment alone. Routine assessment of facial pain should therefore be incorporated into the comprehensive clinical evaluation of patients with HFS.

PMID 42717447
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PubMedJournal of abdominal wall surgery : JAWS2026-09-10

Use of intraperitoneal fascial traction in robotic eTEP approach for complex ventral hernias: technique and outcomes.

Bindal Vivek V, Pandey Dhananjay D, Kumar Deepak D, Ahmed Shahiq S et al.

Tension-reduced midline closure remains a key challenge in the minimally invasive repair of large and complex ventral and incisional hernias. Commonly employed adjuncts, such as botulinum toxin A (BTA), progressive pneumoperitoneum (PPP), and component separation (CS), increase treatment complexity and may be associated with additional morbidity. Intraoperative fascial traction (IFT) has been described in open surgery to facilitate fascial medialisation; however, data related to its application in minimally invasive and robotic approaches supplementing IFT are scarce. A retrospective analysis was conducted of six patients who underwent robotic-assisted enhanced-view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) ventral hernia repair with adjunctive IFT between June 2024 and March 2025. A comprehensive preoperative workup was performed, which included clinical evaluation and computed tomography (CT) imaging. The width of the fascial defect was meticulously measured intraoperatively before and after traction. For patients with transverse defects exceeding 15 cm, preoperative BTA injections were administered. The mean pre-traction defect width was 15.8 ± 5.4 cm and reduced to 8.9 ± 3.2 cm following traction, achieving a mean medialisation of 6.9 ± 1.8 cm. Tension-reduced midline closure was achieved in all patients, without the need for CS or conversion to open surgery. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, with low pain scores, early ambulation, and no surgical site complications or 30-day readmissions. IFT is a feasible and effective adjunct in robotic eTEP repair of large ventral hernias. When combined with robotic precision, it facilitates closure without undue fascial tension while preserving abdominal wall integrity and avoiding CS. Larger-scale studies are warranted to validate these findings.

PMID 42718592
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PubMedJournal of acute medicine2026-09-10

Adult Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated With Food Consumption: A Tetrodotoxin Poisoning Case Report and Differential Diagnosis.

Wei Yen-Hsiang YH, Wu Yin-Cheng YC, Ko Chien-An CA, Yang Chen-Chang CC et al.

Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in adults is a clinical emergency with multiple causes, including hypokalemic periodic paralysis (hypoPP), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), myasthenia gravis (MG), and botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) poisoning. Herein, we present the case of a 64-year-old Asian man who ingested an unidentified fish. Within 30 minutes of ingestion, he developed flaccid paralysis along with gastrointestinal symptoms and perioral tingling. After 3 hours, his condition deteriorated to worsening respiratory distress and unconsciousness, requiring mechanical ventilation for one week. Blood and urine samples tested positive for 11-norTTX-6-ol, a tetrodotoxin (TTX) analog. Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene analysis of the remaining consumed fish revealed that the fish was Lagocephalus lunaris. Although TTX poisoning is rare, some countries have relatively high rates due to regional factors. When immediate laboratory confirmation is not possible, analysis of patient clinical history is crucial for diagnosis. Because this condition progresses rapidly, prompt stabilization of vital signs by clinicians increases the likelihood of survival and reduces the risk of death.

PMID 42719737
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PubMedStress biology2026-09-10

Lycopene mitigates T-2 toxin-induced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in association with gut microbiota and SCFAs regulation in mice.

Adam Saber Y SY, Ennab Wael W, Zhu Cuipeng C, Yuan Long L et al.

T-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species and can cause disease after contaminated food or feed ingestion. This study aimed to investigate the impact of lycopene (Ly) on systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysbiosis in mice exposed to T-2 toxin. A total of 20 male BALB/c mice (6 weeks old, weighing 23.5 ± 0.32 g) randomly divided into four groups (n = 5): Control (Cont), Ly, T-2, and T-2 + Ly groups. Findings revealed that Ly enhanced the body weight, feedd, and water intake that have been reduced by T-2. Ly increased the villus height (VH) and VH: crypt depth (CD) and decreased CD and villus width (VW) in ileum compared to the T-2 group. In alpha diversity, Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium were the most prevalent in Cont group; Staphylococcus, and Lactobacillus, were the most prevalent in T-2 group; Candidatus-Arthromitus and Staphylococcus were the most prevalent in T-2 + Ly group. Moreover, T-2 mice had significantly (p < 0.05) greater levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) than Cont, while the Ly significantly (p < 0.05) lowered their concentration. The T-2 mice had significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), while their catalase (CAT),, glutathione (GSH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1) activities were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than Cont. Ly significantly (p < 0.05) restored their concentration. Moreover, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of hexanoic, butyric, acetic, pentanoic, and Heptanoic acids in the T-2 mice compared to Cont. In contrast, treatment with Ly was found to significantly restore their levels compared to T-2 group. We conclude that Ly administration in the context of T-2-induced toxicity may help attenuate systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, possibly through modulation of gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).

PMID 42720699
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PubMedJACC. Case reports2026-09-10

Fall of the Titans: Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use in a Patient With a TTN Truncating Variant.

Rehman Mueez M, Elkurdi Rawan R, Wilson Zachary T ZT, Gopalan Radha R

The use of nonprescription anabolic-androgenic steroids in bodybuilding is a growing concern due to the potential of severe cardiovascular side effects. A 35-year-old man presented with acute dyspnea. Echocardiogram revealed heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction of 25%. The patient had been abusing exogenous testosterone and aromatase inhibitors over the past year but denied long-term use of these agents. Given his young age, family history, and short period of anabolic-androgenic steroid use, genetic testing was performed to evaluate for possible explanations of his severe heart failure. A pathogenic titan truncating variant was identified explaining his dilated cardiomyopathy. This case underscores the potential cardiac risks associated with anabolic-androgenic steroid use and highlights the importance of genetic testing in unexplained cardiomyopathy. Early recognition and prompt initiation of guideline-directed medical therapy can help prevent further deterioration and inform risk stratification and long-term management. This case highlights potential cardiovascular risk associated with supraphysiologic AAS exposure, particularly in the presence of an underlying genetic predisposition. Clinicians should consider toxin exposure and genetic predisposition in patients with unexplained cardiomyopathy.

PMID 42720652
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