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dexamethasone (OT502 / IBI10090 / OT 502)

✓ Approved

Ocumension Therapeutics Co., Ltd. · NR3C1 · 类固醇

什么是 dexamethasone？

dexamethasone 是一种类固醇，由Ocumension Therapeutics Co., Ltd.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intraocular Injection。

药物档案

商品名OT502, IBI10090, OT 502
公司Ocumension Therapeutics Co., Ltd.
药物类别类固醇, 小分子
分子靶点NR3C1
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intraocular Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Ocumension Therapeutics Co., Ltd.

作用机制

分子靶点

dexamethasone 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

NR3C1nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (GR, GCCR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

dexamethasone 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Eye disordersCataract✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedGels (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

Optimization of Hydrophobic Group Structures Covalently Incorporated into Gelatin Hydrogels for Efficient Adsorption and Release of Hydrophobic Drugs.

Nishimura Ko K, Matsumoto Takanori T, Kanamaru Kazunori K, Kobaru Saki S et al.

Hydrophobically modified gelatin (HMG) hydrogels are promising proof-of-concept drug delivery carriers. However, the structural effects of incorporated hydrophobic groups remain systematically unexamined. Here, twelve linear fatty and aromatic hydrophobic groups with varying carbon numbers were incorporated into gelatin to identify optimal structures for hydrophobic drug loading. Adsorption behaviors of three drug models were quantitatively evaluated per mole of incorporated carbon atoms. Linear fatty aldehydes with 11 and 12 carbon atoms (F-CHO-C11 and C12) achieved maximum adsorption efficiency, with equilibrium adsorption capacities of 0.35×10-3 and 0.34×10-3 mol-rhodamine B/mol-carbon atoms, respectively. Thermodynamic calculations (COSMO-SAC) and quantum chemical simulations (Gaussian MP2) supported the idea that longer alkyl chains enhance affinity, yielding higher interaction energy (-11.8kcal/mol for C12 vs. -5.73kcal/mol for C4). Furthermore, F-CHO-C12 HMG hydrogel achieved a substantial dexamethasone loading capacity of approximately 2.8×10-6 mol/g-dry polymer (unmodified gelatin showed negligible loading <0.08×10-6 mol/g-dry polymer) and sustained release at 37 °C (∼95% cumulative release without initial burst). These findings establish quantitative design guidelines for hydrophobically modified polymer hydrogels.

PMID 42929975
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PubMedVeterinary ophthalmology2026-10-26

Novel Therapy for Severe Bilateral Pyogranulomatous Blepharitis Secondary to Hyaluronic Acid Filler in a Dog.

Dacanay-DeFebo Samantha S, Putra Andhika A, Gemensky-Metzler Anne A, Davis Amanda A et al.

A 9-year-old female spayed mixed breed dog was initially examined for severe bilateral entropion secondary to enophthalmos from chronic oral steroid use for immune-mediated thrombocytopenia as well as potential historic masticatory muscle myositis. Surgical intervention with entropion surgery was pursued; however, trichiasis secondary to laxity of the periocular muscles, eyelid tissues, and tarsal plate developed several months later. Hyaluronic acid (HA) filler (Alayna SG 24 Distinct, BSC Medical Devices GmbH, Munich, Germany) was injected into the superior and inferior eyelids of both eyes to correct recurrent ocular irritation. One month later, the patient developed severe, presumed pyogranulomatous blepharitis in both eyes suspected to be a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the HA filler. The condition worsened despite medical management. Due to the patient's previous, chronic history of oral steroid use, the owners declined administration of oral steroids at that time. Oral Zenrelia (ilunocitinib) and topical neomycin-polymyxin-dexamethasone ointment were instituted, which resulted in a rapid resolution of the patient's clinical signs. This is the first known report of a dog experiencing a severe hypersensitivity reaction to hyaluronic acid used as an eyelid filler and successful treatment with Zenrelia for this purpose.

PMID 42928512
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PubMedCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.)2026-10-26

Challenges of Conducting a Feasibility Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial During COVID-19 Restrictions: Rivaroxaban Versus Acetyl Salicylic Acid in Patients with Multiple Myeloma on Lenalidomide-Based Therapy (RithMM).

Strelau Matthew M, Gal Gregoire Le GL, McCurdy Arleigh A, Shivakumar Sudeep S et al.

Venous thromboembolism is a serious medical complication with an increased risk in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing combination treatment regimens. Acetylsalicylic acid is routinely used as a method of thromboprophylaxis in multiple myeloma patients treated with lenalidomide, and rivaroxaban has been assessed in small-scale studies in multiple myeloma patients treated with immunomodulatory drugs; yet, no study has compared the two methods. In this pilot, we asked if a full-scale trial would be feasible to assess the benefits of rivaroxaban over acetylsalicylic acid as a thromboprophylactic approach. This pilot recruited patients with multiple myeloma on lenalidomide-based therapy and randomized them to either low-dose acetylsalicylic acid or rivaroxaban, then monitored bleeding and thrombotic events throughout lenalidomide-dexamethasone treatment. A total of 55 patients were recruited across three Canadian centres, with two venous thromboembolic events and two bleeding events, all in the acetylsalicylic acid arm. We conducted a post hoc analysis of active recruitment time as a definition of recruitment feasibility, as we did not achieve our pre-defined feasibility goals. Despite the challenges in enrollment, possibly due to social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, we maintain that a full-scale trial is feasible and offers insight into thromboprophylactic management in this population.

PMID 42930200
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PubMedActa anaesthesiologica Scandinavica2026-10-26

Haemodynamic and Respiratory Effects of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Oxycodone Patient-Controlled Analgesia After Lumbar Spinal Fusion: A Post Hoc Analysis of the DoseRespDex Randomised Controlled Trial.

Mäkelä Sanna S, Saari Teijo I TI, Löyttyniemi Eliisa E, Aantaa Riku R et al.

Dexmedetomidine has been studied as an adjunct to opioid patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) because of its opioid-sparing properties and limited respiratory depression. However, potential dose-dependent haemodynamic effects should be considered, and data on dexmedetomidine administered via PCA remain limited. In this post hoc analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 98 adults undergoing lumbar spinal fusion were randomised 1:1:1:1 to 24-h PCA with oxycodone 1 mg/mL alone (D0; placebo referring to normal saline replacing dexmedetomidine in the PCA syringe) or combined with dexmedetomidine 2.5 μg/mL (D2), 5 μg/mL (D5) or 10 μg/mL (D10). Outcomes of interest for the present analysis included mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory parameters and adverse events. Plasma dexmedetomidine concentrations were analysed as a pre-planned pharmacokinetic sub-analysis. Mean changes over time differed significantly between groups for MAP (p = 0.005) and HR (p < 0.001). Plasma dexmedetomidine concentrations increased across the D2, D5 and D10 groups, with observed median peak concentrations of 0.15, 0.31 and 0.55 ng/mL in D2, D5 and D10. Over 72 h, MAP was lower in D5 versus D0 (-11.2 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI] -19.9 to -2.5, p = 0.004) and D10 versus D0 (-9.1 mmHg, 95% CI -17.4 to -0.8, p = 0.032). All dexmedetomidine doses reduced HR versus D0 (D2: -10.2; D5: -9.9; D10: -11.9 bpm; all p < 0.01), without differing from each other. Haemodynamic changes resolved by 48 h. No bradycardia occurred, and no between-group differences were detected in the measured respiratory variables. Dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to oxycodone PCA produced transient haemodynamic effects without differences in bradycardia or in the measured respiratory variables. Although higher doses resulted in higher plasma concentrations, the magnitude of haemodynamic effects did not follow a clear dose-response pattern in the range studied. Dexmedetomidine 5 μg/mL combined with oxycodone 1 mg/mL may represent a reasonable candidate dose for further investigation. In this post hoc analysis of patients undergoing posterolateral spinal fusion, adjunctive dexamethasone (2.5, 5 or 10 mg/mL), administered alongside oxycodone PCA (1 mg/mL), resulted in a transient, minor decrease in mean arterial blood pressure and in heart rate at the highest doses, with no effect on respiratory parameters and with no adverse events. No correlation between plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine and haemodynamic parameters was demonstrated. NCT02454881, EudraCT 2014-003252-31.

PMID 42929478
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PubMedbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026-10-25

Long-term mitigation of the foreign-body response with dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants in mice.

Alluri Aditya A, Hunger Bryce B, Hossain Fahad F, Fatima Shakila Mahmuda SM et al.

The inflammatory foreign body response that follows cochlear implantation produces intracochlear fibrosis, neo-ossification, and elevated electrode impedances that can compromise implant performance. Dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants reduce this response, but the durability of their anti-inflammatory effect over long implantation intervals has not been established. Using a murine model of chronic cochlear implantation in CX3CR1+/eGFP Thy1+/eYFP dual-reporter mice, we compared dexamethasone-eluting and standard mouse cochlear implants at 224 and 336 days post-implantation. Density of CX3CR1+ macrophages, MHCII+CX3CR1+ antigen-presenting macrophages, α-SMA+ fibrosis, and neo-ossification were quantified in the scala tympani, Rosenthal canal, and lateral wall of the basal turn. Standard implants produced persistent macrophage and antigen-presenting macrophage infiltration, accompanied by an α-SMA+ fibrotic response and neo-ossification. Dexamethasone-eluting implants suppressed macrophage infiltration in all three regions out to 336 days and reduced fibrosis at 224 days. In the subset of cochleae with electrode array translocation, dexamethasone-eluting implants attenuated macrophage infiltration and confined the fibrotic and osseous response to the site of translocation, whereas standard implants produced a widespread response. A reduction in immune cell density was also observed in the contralateral, unimplanted cochleae of animals implanted with dexamethasone-eluting implants, suggesting a wider component to the drug's effect. Dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants therefore provide sustained, long-term suppression of the cochlear foreign body response in mice, supporting their continued translation toward clinical application. This effect was associated with continued low-level dexamethasone elution out to 336 days post-implantation; further work is needed to assess the durability of this effect at the conclusion of drug elution. Dexamethasone-eluting implants suppress cochlear foreign body response out to 336 daysLow-level dexamethasone elution persisted through 336 days post-implantationDexamethasone-eluting implants reduce inflammatory response to array translocation.

PMID 42922679
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PubMedJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2026-10-25

Timing of Dexamethasone Administration for Gynecological Laparoscopy Under Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Tang Jingjing J, Yuan Jiagang J, Wang Xin X

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remains a major barrier to implementing Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathways in gynecological laparoscopy, while perioperative inflammation may delay postoperative recovery. The optimal timing of dexamethasone administration for PONV prophylaxis and attenuation of inflammatory responses remains uncertain. This retrospective cohort study enrolled 180 patients undergoing elective gynecological laparoscopy under standardized ERAS protocols who received 8 mg intravenous dexamethasone either 30 min before anesthesia induction or immediately after abdominal incision closure. The primary outcome was the 48-h incidence of PONV. Secondary outcomes included inflammatory biomarkers, namely C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), ERAS recovery indicators, and safety outcomes. Preoperative dexamethasone administration was associated with a significantly lower 48-h PONV incidence than postoperative administration (16.7% vs. 40.0%, P < 0.001), accompanied by reduced symptom severity and shorter episode duration. Patients receiving preoperative dexamethasone also demonstrated lower inflammatory biomarker levels at 24 and 48 h, faster achievement of postoperative recovery milestones, and a shorter hospital length of stay (2.1 vs. 3.2 days, P < 0.001), while safety outcomes were comparable between groups. These findings suggest that preoperative dexamethasone administration is associated with improved PONV control, attenuated perioperative inflammatory responses, and accelerated recovery in patients undergoing ERAS gynecological laparoscopy and may represent a useful strategy for optimizing perioperative care in this population.

PMID 42921812
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