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amphotericin B (Amphomul)

✓ Approved

Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 amphotericin B？

amphotericin B 是一种小分子，由Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intravenous (IV)。

药物档案

商品名Amphomul
公司Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited
药物类别小分子
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited

治疗适应症

amphotericin B 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsLeishmaniasis✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsWound infection fungal✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedGels (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

Surimi Gel Quality Enhanced by κ-Carrageenan/Konjac Glucomannan and Sodium Caseinate-Stabilized Emulsion.

Xiong Tianzhen T, Li Lala L, Wu Guanchen G, Zhang Lihua L et al.

This study investigated the effects of a combination of κ-carrageenan (CRG), konjac glucomannan (KGM) and a sodium caseinate-stabilized camellia oil emulsion on the quality attributes of surimi. The results demonstrated that adding the emulsion alone enhanced the textural properties but failed to increase the water-holding capacity (WHC) or reduce cooking loss. In contrast, incorporating both polysaccharides with the emulsion reduced cooking loss to 7.3% of that of the control (2.3 ± 1.0% vs. 31.4 ± 1.4%) and increased the WHC to 97.7 ± 1.3%, representing a 47.8% improvement over the control (66.1 ± 1.2%). Furthermore, this ternary composite system yielded substantial enhancements in the textural profile of the gels. These improvements were attributed primarily to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the polysaccharides and surimi proteins, which strengthened intermolecular interactions. Microstructural observations corroborated this mechanism, revealing that the composite system promoted the formation of a denser and more uniform network, which improved the freeze-thaw stability of the surimi. Sensory evaluation indicated that the combined treatment enhanced the flavor profile and acceptability of surimi gels. Thus, KGM and CRG can be combined with sodium caseinate-stabilized camellia oil emulsion to improve the quality of surimi gels. These results offer valuable theoretical guidance for advancing surimi-based foods.

PMID 42929941
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PubMedGels (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

Effect of Acrylic Emulsion on Drying Shrinkage, Mechanical Properties, and Hydration Behavior of UHPC Matrix.

Fan Jie J, Deng Sijie S, Li Gengying G, Yu Yong Y

Significant drying shrinkage and early-age cracking have remained critical constraints to the broader application of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). This study attempted to address these limitations through the addition of acrylic emulsion (AE), and the influence of its content (0-10 wt.%) on the setting time, mechanical properties, drying shrinkage, hydration behavior, and microstructure of UHPC matrix was systematically investigated. The results show that AE addition delayed setting and early hydration, substantially reducing cumulative heat release and thereby lowering the risk of thermal cracking. AE incorporation reduced compressive strength, and this adverse effect became more pronounced at higher dosages. In contrast, the formation of intertwining polymer films within the hydration products provided effective pore-filling and "micro-fibre" effects, which enhanced flexural strength development and alleviated drying shrinkage that originates principally from moisture loss within the C-S-H gel. At an optimal dosage of 5 wt.%, AE reduced the 14-day and 90-day drying shrinkage of UHPC matrix by 28% and 25%, respectively, while increasing the 90-day flexural strength by approximately 3%. However, a further increase in the dosage deteriorated overall performance, primarily because excessive polymer promoted agglomeration and introduced more air bubbles. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for designing low-shrinkage, low-heat-release UHPC tailored for large-volume engineering structures.

PMID 42929960
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PubMedBiotechnology journal2026-10-26

Cross-Reactive Neutralizing Antibodies Between ZIKV and DENV May Exhibit Serotype Specificity.

Silveira Lucimeire Antonelli da LAD, Saavedra Djairo Pastor DP, Junqueira Isabela Cinquini IC, Dietz Jefferson do Carmo JDC et al.

Dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are public health threats, causing substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. The co-circulation of DENV and ZIKV complicates prevention and control efforts, highlighting the importance of studying cross-reactive antibodies, vaccines, and immune modulators. This study explores the cross-reactivity and neutralizing capacity of antibodies against DENV elicited by immunization with a ZIKV protein extract. Female isogenic BALB/c mice were immunized with ZIKV protein extract derived from C6/36 cell cultures. Splenic B lymphocytes from immunized mice were fused with myeloma cells using polyethylene glycol (PEG) to generate hybridomas. The resulting antibodies were assessed using ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) against ZIKV and DENV including their structural and nonstructural proteins. Our findings showed that immunization induced a diverse antibody response, including antibodies recognizing epitopes unique to ZIKV as well as epitopes shared with DENV. Notably, neutralizing antibodies targeting conserved epitopes, particularly those shared with DENV-1, were also identified against other DENV serotypes. These results suggest the presence of cross-reactive neutralizing antibody responses between ZIKV and DENV, potentially exhibiting serotype-specific reactivity. Collectively, this study provides experimental evidence of flavivirus cross-reactivity and contributes to a more refined understanding of humoral responses in settings where these viruses co-circulate.

PMID 42928707
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PubMedInternational journal of nanomedicine2026-10-26

Nanotechnology-Enabled Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer: Overcoming the "Cold" Tumor Microenvironment in Microsatellite-Stable Disease.

Xu Jiayu J, Yu Jiankang J, Liu Gang G, Zhang Hao H et al.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the management of mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the ~95% of patients with mismatch repair-proficient/microsatellite-stable (pMMR/MSS) disease derive little benefit owing to an immunologically "cold" tumor microenvironment (TME), poor T-cell infiltration, myeloid dominance, TGF-β-enriched stroma, and the systemically immunosuppressive milieu imposed by hepatic metastases. Clinically tested combinations-multikinase inhibitor plus anti-PD-1, Fc-enhanced dual checkpoint blockade, chemotherapy- or antiangiogenic-ICI regimens-have so far produced modest, largely non-durable response rates that are further attenuated in liver-metastatic disease, motivating approaches that pharmacologically remodel the TME rather than only release checkpoint restraint. To provide an evidence-stratified synthesis of nanotechnology-enabled immunotherapy in CRC that explicitly separates (a) clinically established evidence, (b) strategies under early-phase clinical investigation, and (c) concepts that remain preclinical or are extrapolated from other tumor types, and to derive from this appraisal a biomarker-enriched translational research agenda. Narrative, integrative (non-systematic) review. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ASCO/ESMO/AACR proceedings were searched from January 2010 through April 2026. Each strategy was appraised according to the highest available level of evidence, the tumor type and model system in which the evidence was generated, and its demonstrated CRC specificity. In current clinical practice, nanomedicine in CRC is essentially limited to nanoparticle-formulated cytotoxics exploited for pharmacokinetic advantage (e.g. liposomal irinotecan), whereas nano-enabled immunotherapy is confined to a small number of early-phase trials-most notably lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-formulated individualized neoantigen mRNA vaccines in ctDNA-positive resected CRC and hafnium-oxide nanoparticle radioenhancers-none of which has yet demonstrated a progression-free or overall survival benefit in MSS CRC. Against this background we critically appraise six classes of strategy: (i) LNP-based mRNA neoantigen vaccines; (ii) polymeric and inorganic nanocarriers for STING and TLR agonists; (iii) tumor-associated macrophage-repolarizing nanoparticles; (iv) nano-radiosensitizers and photothermal/photodynamic platforms priming immunogenic cell death; (v) nano-formulated checkpoint inhibitor delivery; and (vi) locoregional nano-strategies directed at hepatic metastasis-specific immunosuppression. For categories (ii)-(vi) the supporting evidence is predominantly murine (largely subcutaneous CT26/MC38 models) or extrapolated from immunologically "hot" tumors such as melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer, in which both the underlying biology and the checkpoint backbone differ materially from MSS CRC. Recurrent translational barriers include low, highly heterogeneous nanoparticle accumulation in human tumors, dense TGF-β-rich stroma and elevated interstitial pressure, mononuclear phagocyte system clearance, liver-metastasis-specific tolerance that subcutaneous models do not reproduce, unresolved manufacturing/CMC and regulatory pathways, and the absence of validated pharmacodynamic biomarkers of intratumoral immune conversion. Nanotechnology offers a mechanistically coherent and experimentally testable-but at present clinically unproven-set of strategies for converting "cold" MSS CRC into immune-responsive disease. We therefore position nano-enabled immunotherapy as a research priority rather than an imminent standard of care, and argue that its clinical value can only be established through biomarker-enriched, paired-biopsy early-phase trials with pharmacodynamic endpoints of immune conversion and prospective stratification by metastatic site (particularly hepatic involvement) and consensus molecular subtype. This is a narrative rather than systematic review; it is therefore subject to selection and publication bias, and much of the evidence synthesized is preclinical and of limited direct translational certainty.

PMID 42928874
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PubMedChemical Society reviews2026-10-26

Transition metal-catalyzed carborane cage B-H activation and functionalization: a mechanistic view.

Jing Hui-Xian HX, Li Shi-Jun SJ, Li Haoran H, Liu Shihan S et al.

Icosahedral carboranes have extensive potential applications across diverse research fields because these compounds have distinctive properties, including high stability, three-dimensional aromaticity, and high boron density. However, selective cage B-H modification among 10 or 11 chemically similar B-H vertices is an intriguing challenge. Experimental progress in cage B-H functionalization has inspired numerous mechanistic studies of the underlying activation mechanisms and factors dictating selectivity. This review summarizes recent mechanistic studies of transition metal-catalyzed selective functionalization of carboranes, focusing on the activation mechanism of specific B-H bonds and the factors governing regio- and enantioselectivities. Concerted metalation-deprotonation, σ-complex-assisted metathesis, oxidative addition, and metal-carbene insertion are discussed in detail as typical models for B-H bond activation. The transition metal oxidation state and proton acceptor determine the favored activation model. The stability of the B-metal species generated via B-H activation affects the energy level of further functionalization, and thus the selectivity is determined by B-H activation or subsequent functionalization. Therefore, the factors dictating selectivity can be identified by analyzing the transition state properties, providing insights into improving regio- or chiral-at-cage selectivities. The opportunities and challenges for future research are discussed. We highlight strategies of exploiting the unique characteristics of carboranes based on C-H bond activation protocols and single-electron transfer approaches including photo- and electrocatalysis. We expect that this review will provide a framework for understanding the catalytic mechanism, rational catalyst design, and exploration of precise functionalization strategies.

PMID 42929296
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PubMedMagnetic resonance in medicine2026-10-26

The b-Value Dependence for Higher-Degree Spherical Harmonic Powers of the Diffusion MRI Signal Follows Stick Model Predictions in White Matter.

Moss Hunter G HG, Jensen Jens H JH, Benitez Andreana A

To compare the dependence on b-value of the spherical harmonic powers for the diffusion MRI signal in white matter to theoretical predictions from the stick model of water diffusion within axons. Diffusion MRI data were acquired at 3 T in three healthy adults with 10 b-value shells (b = 1000-10 000 s/mm2) and 64 directions per shell. For every b-value, the signal was expanded in spherical harmonics for all even degrees l up to l = 6, and the harmonic power for each degree was calculated. These were compared in selected white matter regions of interest to the theoretical predictions of the stick model, which depend on just two adjustable parameters: the intra-axonal diffusivity and an amplitude factor for each degree. The intra-axonal diffusivity was estimated independently using triple diffusion encoding MRI, leaving the amplitude factor as the sole fitting parameter. Close agreement between experiment and theory was found for b  ≳  4000 s/mm2, the threshold where extra-axonal water signal is expected to be strongly suppressed, for total cerebral white matter as well as separately within the genu, body, and splenium of the corpus callosum. These findings extend prior studies that either considered only the l = 0 harmonic power or treated the intra-axonal diffusivity as a fitting parameter. In white matter, the b-value dependence of the diffusion MRI signal's even degree spherical harmonic powers up to l = 6 are relatively well-described by the stick model of axons for b  ≳  4000 s/mm2.

PMID 42928508
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