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amphotericin B (Amphomul)

✓ Approved

Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 amphotericin B？

amphotericin B 是一种小分子，由Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intravenous (IV)。

药物档案

商品名Amphomul
公司Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited
药物类别小分子
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited

治疗适应症

amphotericin B 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsLeishmaniasis✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsWound infection fungal✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedJAC-antimicrobial resistance2026-09-10

Performance of the Sensititre YeastOne assay compared with EUCAST E.Def 9.4 against Fusarium clinical isolates: focus on voriconazole and amphotericin B.

Chen Pao-Yu PY, Wu Un-In UI, Liu Wang-Da WD, Huang Yu-Tsung YT et al.

Despite the global emergence of Fusarium infections, data validating commercial antifungal susceptibility testing against these moulds remain scarce. We evaluated the performance and optimal reading time of the Sensititre YeastOne (SYO) assay against Fusarium clinical isolates compared with the EUCAST reference method. This two-centre study (2011-2023) analysed 123 Fusarium isolates identified via two-step molecular sequencing. In vitro susceptibilities to voriconazole and amphotericin B were evaluated using SYO (24 h and 48 h readouts) versus the EUCAST E.Def 9.4 broth microdilution reference method (48 h readout). Essential agreement (EA) was defined as a ±2 log2 dilution difference; >90% was acceptable. Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) dominated the cohort (85.3%), predominantly F. keratoplasticum and F. pseudensiforme. EUCAST testing revealed high MIC50/MIC90 values of voriconazole (>16/>16 mg/L) and amphotericin B (2/16 mg/L). While 65% (80/123) of isolates displayed positivity by SYO at 24 h, median spectrophotometric growth was significantly greater at 48 h than at 24 h [0.37 (IQR 0.315-0.403) versus 0.18 (0.151-0.206)]. At 48 h, EA approached acceptability for voriconazole (92.7%) and amphotericin B (89.4%). Voriconazole categorical agreement (CA) among FSSC was 88.6% and reached 96.9% for F. pseudensiforme. For amphotericin B, SYO MICs clustered around 4-8 mg/L, yielding 100% very major error for F. keratoplasticum and F. pseudensiforme but 100% CA for F. falciforme, F. petroliphilum and non-FSSC. Voriconazole and amphotericin B susceptibility determined by SYO cannot universally replace reference methods due to failure to detect non-WT to amphotericin B for prevalent species within FSSC. However, alongside accurate species-level molecular identification, SYO provides actionable susceptibility data for validated species-antifungal combinations.

PMID 42718997
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PubMedFrontiers in nutrition2026-09-10

Preparation, characterization, stability, and application in curcumin of the emulsion gels stabilized with coconut cake albumin modified by ultrasonication and carboxymethylation.

Yang Yong Y, Gong Meiling M, Duan Jiapeng J

Curcumin has applications in food and medical industries, but its stability and bioaccessibility are poor. Coconut cake albumin (CCA) has potential as a component of the curcumin-loading system; however, relative data are scare. Herein, emulsion gels were formed using coconut cake albumin modified by ultrasonication and carboxymethylation (CCA-UC) in this study. The results evidenced that ultrasonication and carboxymethylation increased the emulsifying capacity (from 67.51 to 143.65 m2/g) and emulsion stability (from 70.37 to 87.18%) of CCA by improving its solubility and interface sorption capacity, enhancing the zeta potential, and reducing droplets' size (p < 0.05). CCA and CCA-UC formed compact emulsion gel when concentration was more than 10 g/100 g. Compared with the CCA-emulsion gel, CCA-UC-emulsion gel had more compact and denser gel structure, higher crystallinity (38.65%), bound water content and viscosity, and lower energy storage (G'), loss modulus (G"), and loss factor. Furthermore, CCA-UC-emulsion gel showed superior thermal and oxidative stability, and higher chewiness (35.83 g), springiness (0.90), hardness (67.44 g), and cohesiveness (0.85) than CCA-emulsion gel. Additionally, CCA-UC-emulsion gel exhibited superior intestinal digestion rate, higher curcumin encapsulation (89.64%) and loading efficiency (204.01 μg/g), better photostability, and superior bioaccessibility (49.08%). However, more specific mechanisms should be investigated in the further work. These findings revealed that ultrasonication assisted with carboxymethylation was an effective way to improve the emulsion gel properties of CCA and increase the bioaccessibility of curcumin. However, more specific mechanisms should be investigated in the further work.

PMID 42718976
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PubMedCase reports in critical care2026-09-10

Early Disseminated Cryptococcosis Following Orthotopic Heart Transplantation Requiring VA-ECMO: A Case Report.

Petrich Vanessa V, Deschenes Lucas L

Disseminated cryptococcosis is a rare but serious opportunistic infection following solid organ transplantation and rarely occurs within the first month of transplantation. We report a case of disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection occurring 14 days after orthotopic heart transplantation which required mechanical circulatory support with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). Management was complicated by alterations in antifungal pharmacokinetics and the inability to perform serial lumbar punctures while anticoagulated. Antifungal therapy with nonliposomal amphotericin B, flucytosine, and fluconazole was administered. A combination of optic nerve sheath diameter measurements, CT scans, and evaluation for papilledema was used as temporizing, noninvasive surrogates for intracranial pressure monitoring until lumbar punctures could be safely performed. The patient was successfully decannulated, weaned from mechanical support, and discharged from the intensive care unit.

PMID 42718971
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PubMedmSphere2026-09-10

Anti-psychotic drugs act synergistically in combination with antifungal drugs to inhibit drug-resistant Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans.

Ayala Magali M, Jakamartana Alifia A, Costa Rodrigo Mamede Dos Santos RMDS, Cheung Eric Cheuk-Kiu EC-K et al.

Systemic fungal infections cause an estimated 3.8 million deaths annually, approximately 10% of which are caused by drug-resistant infections. With only five classes of antifungal drugs, treatment options are limited. Here, we explore synergistic drug combinations-when the efficacy of two drugs combined is greater than expected based on the sum of each individual drug's efficacy-to improve treatment of drug-resistant Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. Chlorpromazine acts synergistically with both amphotericin B and fluconazole against multiple fungal species, including azole-resistant C. neoformans and C. albicans. We then performed a genome-wide knockout mutant screen and found that ESCRT pathway mutants are resistant to chlorpromazine, while knockout mutants of genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis are sensitive. Based on these data, we investigated sterol and fatty acid composition in chlorpromazine-treated cells and found only minor increases in sterol precursors, but a substantial increase in lipid droplet size and decreased lipid droplet numbers. This lipid droplet formation potentially sequesters lipid bioavailability and response to membrane stress. Together, these data suggest that chlorpromazine and its analogs are potentially promising treatments for systemic fungal infections that act via lipid homeostasis and stress response. Fungal infections are a large and expensive health burden with high mortality rates. People with compromised immune systems from cancer, solid organ transplant, HIV infection, and other conditions are particularly affected. Systemic fungal infections are difficult to treat because there are few available drugs and treatment periods last months or years. Long treatment times increase the risk of treatment failure and can contribute to the rise of resistance. We identified an additional class of drugs, chlorpromazine and other phenothiazine drugs, that amplify the activity of existing antifungal drugs amphotericin B (AmB) and fluconazole (FLZ). AmB and FLZ act by targeting ergosterol, the fungal equivalent of cholesterol, which is required for a functional plasma membrane. Chlorpromazine increases the formation of lipid drops, which sequester lipids such as ergosterol. When chlorpromazine is combined with AmB, the fungal cell cannot respond to the plasma membrane damage caused by AmB, inhibiting the fungal cells. This work identifies new target processes and drugs that could treat deadly fungal infections.

PMID 42720352
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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-09-10

A case report of Emergomyces orientalis infection in the lung of HIV infected in patient and literature review.

Luo Lifeng L, Guo Ying Y, Nie Zunzhen Z

This study reports a rare case of pulmonary Emergomyces orientalis infection with clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches and therapeutic regimens of this rare fungal infection, aiming to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and management. We retrospectively analyzed the patient's clinical symptoms, imaging manifestations, laboratory examinations including metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, as well as prognosis. Related published literature was searched, reviewed and summarized. The patient presented with a 3-day cough and expectoration. Conventional pathogen examinations showed the patient is infected with the HIV virus and definite diagnosis of Emergomyces orientalis infection was finally confirmed by mNGS of lung biopsy specimens. He received liposomal amphotericin B combined with symptomatic supportive therapy. Clinical symptoms were alleviated and pulmonary lesions were absorbed after treatment. Pulmonary Emergomyces orientalis infection is uncommon and prone to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis with high mortality. Routine pathogen culture yields a low positive rate. mNGS serves as a critical tool for early and accurate diagnosis. Individualized antifungal treatment, strict drug interaction assessment and therapeutic monitoring are essential to optimize clinical prognosis.

PMID 42719226
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PubMedInnovation (Cambridge (Mass.))2026-09-10

Current landscape and future directions of neoantigen vaccines: A new era of personalized cancer immunotherapy.

Wang Xinyue X, Su Shu S, Tan Siyi S, Chen Xiaosu X et al.

At the forefront of cancer immunotherapy, neoantigens are tumor specific and highly immunogenic, and they have emerged as the key target for personalized oncology. Neoantigen vaccines have demonstrated promising immunologic responses and survival benefit in clinical trials with the combination of chemoradiotherapy and immune checkpoint therapy. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of biological mechanisms and the next-generation screening approach of cancer neoantigens. We evaluate the current vaccine platforms and the design and vector of cancer neoantigen vaccines, and we additionally analyze strategies to overcome immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment challenges. We conducted a detailed analysis of ongoing and preliminary neoantigen vaccine clinical trials, summarizing existing challenges and areas requiring further improvement. Through an in-depth analysis of the latest research advances, we propose current optimization strategies for neoantigen vaccines, including novel screening models and innovative delivery approaches. Future directions for personalized cancer immunotherapy are outlined, with neoantigen vaccines positioned as pivotal enabling platforms.

PMID 42719780
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