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erythromycin (Erymin / erythromycin, Elan)

✓ Approved

Takeda · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 erythromycin？

erythromycin 是一种小分子，由Takeda研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Erymin, erythromycin, Elan
公司Takeda
药物类别小分子
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Takeda

治疗适应症

erythromycin 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsSalmonellosis✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedBioorganic chemistry2026-10-25

Development of cinnamyl derivatives as antibiotic-potentiating agents.

Hympanova Michaela M, Kufa Martin M, Muckova Lubica L, Prchal Lukas L et al.

Here, we report the discovery and optimization of 1-cinnamylpiperazine derivatives as antibiotic-potentiating agents inspired by the known RND efflux pump inhibitor 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)piperazine (NMP). A structurally diverse series of analogues was synthesized and evaluated for intrinsic antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and ability to potentiate antibiotic activity against Escherichia coli. Most derivatives showed low intrinsic antibacterial activity, consistent with an adjuvant mode of action. In combination assays, several compounds enhanced the antibiotic activity of erythromycin and linezolid, with halogenated derivatives showing the strongest potentiating effects. Compound 27 displayed the broadest potentiation profile, showing synergistic interactions with five of the seven tested antibiotics, namely linezolid, novobiocin, fusidic acid, pyridomycin, and clindamycin. Notably, it showed a superior potency to the structurally related reference inhibitor NMP. Experiments with AcrAB-TolC-deficient E. coli mutants, together with dye accumulation (Hoechst 33342) and membrane-permeabilization assays, suggested that 1-cinnamylpiperazine derivatives modulate efflux-associated resistance in a manner distinct from NMP, with increased membrane permeability likely contributing to their overall potentiating effect. Beyond planktonic cultures, compound 27 also potentiated erythromycin and linezolid against mature E. coli biofilms. These findings identify 1-cinnamylpiperazines as promising antibiotic adjuvant scaffolds for further optimization against drug-resistant Gram-negative infections.

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PubMedResearch square2026-10-25

An in vitro platform for the rapid and scalable biocatalysis of complex polyketides.

Keatinge-Clay Adrian A, Zhang Jie J

Modular polyketide synthases (PKSs) are enzymatic assembly lines that naturally produce complex, bioactive compounds challenging to obtain through traditional synthesis or fermentation. Early attempts to harness these molecular factories outside the cell indicated they make poor biocatalysts. However, we observe that a refactored pikromycin synthase optimized for in vitro performance operates as rapidly as iterative fatty acid synthases, two orders of magnitude faster than measured for the equivalently-sized erythromycin synthase. The activities of four engineered variants of the pikromycin synthase were also enhanced through relocating histidine tags, swapping enzymatic/docking domains, and tuning polypeptide stoichiometry. To enable the economic conversion of feedstock chemicals malonate and methylmalonate by these and other synthases into scalable quantities of complex polyketides, we developed the Extender unit to PolyKetide (EPK) platform, which incorporates extender unit and NADPH regeneration systems. In a 10-mL, 2-hour, room-temperature reaction, 1 μM of a refactored pikromycin synthase converts malonate and methylmalonte into 2.8 mM (1 mg/mL) narbonolide with a total turnover number (TTON) of 2800. All five stereocomplex products were readily obtained in pure form at the milligram scale and structurally characterized, demonstrating the advantages of accessing complex polyketide through in vitro biocatalysis as well as the potential to access combinatorial polyketide libraries for medicinal chemistry.

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PubMedFrontiers in microbiology2026-10-25

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from meat industries.

Vougiouklaki Despina D, Dalezios Markos M, Kyriakou Konstantina K, Papaparaskevas Marios M et al.

Listeria monocytogenes is a major foodborne pathogen of concern for the food industry due to its ability to persist in processing environments and contaminate ready-to-eat foods. This study aimed to characterize phenotypically and genotypically L. monocytogenes isolates recovered from meat-processing environments in Greece, with emphasis on antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance determinants, plasmid content, and sequence types. Eighteen environmental isolates were analyzed using broth microdilution MIC testing and Oxford Nanopore whole-genome sequencing followed by in silico screening for antimicrobial resistance genes and plasmids. All isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, erythromycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole according to EUCAST criteria. For agents categorized by EUCAST as having insufficient evidence ("IE") for clinical categorization in Listeria (moxifloxacin and linezolid), MICs were reported descriptively. Elevated MICs were observed for clindamycin (≥ 8 mg/L) in three isolates and for tetracycline (≥ 16 mg/L) in two isolates, while all isolates showed high fosfomycin MICs (≥ 128 mg/L) and intermediate fusidic acid MICs (4-8 mg/L). Genomic screening identified two acquired resistance genes, vga (G) and tet (M), and detected plasmids in a subset of isolates, including plasmid types previously associated with stress tolerance and persistence in food environments. MLST revealed four sequence types (ST87, ST155, ST6, and ST504), including lineages linked to food-processing persistence and clinically relevant clonal complexes. Overall, the findings indicate limited clinically relevant resistance among the examined isolates, while highlighting the contribution of mobile genetic elements and diverse sequence types to environmental fitness and potential public-health risk in meat-processing settings.

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PubMedFrontiers in microbiology2026-10-25

Diverse Staphylococcus aureus lineages in a tertiary hospital in North Central Nigeria: emergence of CC1-ST772-MRSA, CC8-ST789-MRSA, and ST152-MRSA.

Raheem Rasaki Adewole RA, Nwabuisi Charles C, Fadeyi Abayomi A, Olanipekun Bashirat Ayobola BA et al.

Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen associated with both hospital- and community-acquired infections. Data on its molecular epidemiology in North Central Nigeria are currently unavailable. This study investigated the antibiotic resistance, virulence genes, and the population structure of S. aureus in a tertiary hospital in North Central Nigeria. S. aureus strains from various clinical specimens collected between July 2017 and July 2021 were characterized based on antibiotic susceptibility testing and PCR detection of nuc, mecA, PVL (lukS-PV/lukF-PV), and immune evasion (scn, sak, chp) genes. Genotyping of the strains was performed by spa typing and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of representative strains. Of the 169 S. aureus strains, 52% (n = 88) were recovered from wound infections. The resistance rates were highest for penicillin (n = 162; 96%), followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n = 128; 76%), tetracycline (n = 66; 39%), gentamicin (n = 54; 32%), ciprofloxacin (n = 53; 31%), erythromycin (n = 31; 18%), and clindamycin (n = 3; 2%). Overall, 90 (53%) were mecA-positive (MRSA), and 81 strains (48%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Genotyping revealed a diverse S. aureus population, comprising 37 spa types and 19 sequence types (STs) in nine clonal complexes (CC1, CC5, CC8, CC15, CC22, CC30, CC45, CC88, CC121) and two singletons (ST152 and ST7572). The predominant MRSA lineages comprised CC1-ST772-MRSA-V-t657, CC8-ST789-MRSA-V-t091, and ST152-MRSA-Vc-t4690, while the common methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) lineages were ST152-MSSA-t355, CC15-ST15-MSSA-t084, and CC5-ST5-MSSA-t311. The dfrG gene was detected across lineages, and 65% of all strains (MSSA: 68%; MRSA: 62%) were PVL-positive. Phylogenetic analysis revealed strain diversity, suggesting the dissemination of different lineages across various wards within the hospital. The S. aureus population at a tertiary hospital in North-Central Nigeria is highly diverse. The detection of PVL-positive ST152-MRSA-Vc and MDR CC1-ST722-MRSA-V is of significant public health concern. Genomic surveillance of S. aureus, combined with clinical data, is essential for effective infection prevention and control strategies.

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PubMedInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2026-10-23

Clinical Characteristics, 90-Day Functional Outcomes, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Exploratory Genomic Analysis of Invasive Human Streptococcus suis Infection: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in China.

Zhang Huatang H, Lai Xueping X, Chen Chunlin C, Yan Xiaoli X et al.

Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen; survivors of invasive infection may have persistent auditory or vestibular sequelae. To address limited multicenter evidence from China, we characterized 90-day outcomes, antimicrobial susceptibility, and exploratory genomic findings. We retrospectively studied 34 patients with invasive S. suis infection at eight hospitals in four Chinese provinces (2017-2025). Unfavorable outcome was defined as death within 90 days or persistent sequelae at day 90. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were reinterpreted using CLSI viridans-group streptococcal surrogate breakpoints; six recoverable isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing. Acute cochleovestibular involvement occurred in 11/27 (40.7%) patients with meningitis and 0/7 with nonmeningitic bacteremia/sepsis. Unfavorable outcomes occurred in 17/34 (50.0%) patients, including two deaths; 12/32 (37.5%) survivors had hearing-related sequelae. Acute cochleovestibular involvement was more frequent among patients with unfavorable outcomes (64.7% versus 0%; P < 0.001). All evaluable isolates were susceptible to penicillin (21/21), cefotaxime (19/19), and ceftriaxone (5/5). Resistance was observed in 17/20, 16/20, and 20/20 isolates tested for erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline, respectively. Sequence types were ST1 (n = 3), ST7 (n = 2), and ST25 (n = 1); epf and sly were each detected in five isolates, and mrp in four. Substantial hearing-related morbidity supports structured audiological follow-up. Clinical associations and genomic findings remain exploratory and do not establish independent prognostic value or genotype-phenotype causality.

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Screening of campylobacter by Gram staining and culture confirmation in diarrheal stool: a qualitative study.

Suseela Kundoly V KV, Jolly Deepa D, Menon Sunil S, V Geethalakshmi G

Campylobacter is an important cause of diarrhoeal illness in children. As isolation of these fastidious bacteria from stool samples is laborious and expensive, it is not routinely investigated in certain geographical areas. This study aimed to demonstrate the utility of Gram staining as a rapid and cost-effective screening method for the detection of Campylobacter in stool specimens from children with acute diarrhoea. Stool samples from 138 children below 12 years of age at a tertiary care centre were screened by Gram staining for Gram-negative spiral bacilli. Smear-positive samples were subjected to culture on campylobacter selective medium. Isolates were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the genus-specific 16S rRNA gene and the mapA and ceuE genes, to Campylobacter jejuni and C.coli respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. Gram-negative spiral bacilli were detected in 15 (10.86%) and 13 were confirmed by culture (positive predictive value of Gram staining: 86.66%). One sample was positive on direct PCR with no growth. Of the isolates, 11 were identified as C. jejuni, one C.coli, and one as non-jejuni/non-coli. All isolates were susceptible to the tested antibiotics. Gram staining of stool is rapid, low-cost and practical screening method for campylobacteriosis. With positive predictive value of 86.66%, it offers a valuable first-line diagnostic tool. C.jejuni is the predominant species in this paediatric population and the absence of antibiotic resistance supports the continued use of erythromycin and ciprofloxacin as first-line therapeutic agents.

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