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trospium chloride (Retardkapseln / Urivesc / Sanctura XR)

✓ Approved

Shire · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 trospium chloride？

trospium chloride 是一种小分子，由Shire研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Retardkapseln, Urivesc, Sanctura XR
公司Shire
药物类别小分子
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Shire

治疗适应症

trospium chloride 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Renal and urinary disordersHypertonic bladder✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedThe journal of physical chemistry letters2026-09-10

Unraveling the Molecular Origin of the Unprecedented ortho-Chloride Effect in Cobalt-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 1,1-Diarylethenes.

Mahato Akhilesh A, Mahato Anupama A, Pramanik Anup A, Sarkar Pranab P

The molecular origin of the unusual ortho-chloride effect in cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of 1,1-diarylethenes has been investigated using density functional theory. The complete catalytic cycle, including alkene coordination, alkene insertion, hydrogen activation, and catalyst regeneration, was elucidated on the relevant spin surfaces. The calculations identify alkene insertion into the Co-H bond via TS1 as the enantiodetermining step, whereas catalyst regeneration is the turnover-determining step. The preferred Si-face hydride transfer is favored by 3.79 kcal/mol, corresponding to a predicted 99.6% enantiomeric excess, in excellent agreement with the experimentally observed more than 90% ee. Activation strain, AIM, NCI, and NBO analyses reveal that reduced structural distortion together with enhanced noncovalent and donor-acceptor interactions stabilizes the transition state leading to the S enantiomer. Systematic investigation of substituent effects demonstrates that only the ortho-chloro substituent provides the optimal energetic balance, whereas meta- and para-substitution or replacement by other ortho substituents substantially diminishes enantioselectivity. These findings provide the first molecular-level explanation of the ortho-chloride effect and offer guiding principles for designing highly enantioselective cobalt catalysts.

PMID 42720340
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PubMedCureus2026-09-10

Late-Diagnosed Cystic Fibrosis in an Octogenarian With an Atypical Phenotype of Pancreatic Sufficiency and Preserved Pulmonary Function.

Hranec Brenda B, Hudson Luke L, Layish Daniel D

Cystic fibrosis (CF) was historically described as a severe childhood disease associated with pancreatic destruction, malnutrition, recurrent respiratory infection, and early mortality. Advances in sweat chloride testing, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene discovery, newborn screening, multidisciplinary care, and CFTR modulator therapy have transformed the natural history of the disease. However, CF remains clinically heterogeneous, and patients with residual CFTR function may present later in life with chronic bronchiectasis, sinus disease, atypical respiratory infections, or nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms. Diagnosis in advanced age is uncommon and may be delayed when pancreatic function is preserved and sweat chloride values are intermediate. An 87-year-old woman with late-diagnosed cystic fibrosis was followed longitudinally for chronic sinopulmonary disease. She had a history of recurrent sinus infections and was evaluated at a tertiary institution, where CF was diagnosed at approximately age 62. Her family history was notable for a maternal aunt who died from an unspecified respiratory illness. Diagnostic evaluation demonstrated an intermediate sweat chloride value of 41 mmol/L and CFTR testing showing one copy of F508del, M470V polymorphism, and a rare C76W variant. Her phenotype included chronic bronchiectasis, chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps, two prior sinus surgeries, and prior Mycobacterium avium complex infection treated in 1995. She had pancreatic sufficiency, with normal fecal elastase and no clinical response to pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy. Pulmonary function testing showed preserved lung function with stage I obstruction, including FEV1 1.33 L, 89% predicted; FVC 1.95 L, 85% predicted; and FEV1/FVC ratio of 68%, stable compared with the prior year. Her course was also notable for osteoporosis with prior vertebral compression fractures, which limited tolerance of vest-based airway clearance. Management included airway clearance with an oscillatory positive expiratory pressure device, individualized bronchodilator therapy due to tachycardia with albuterol, surveillance respiratory cultures, nutritional and weight monitoring, otolaryngology follow-up for chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps, osteoporosis management, and treatment with vanzacaftor/tezacaftor/deutivacaftor, to which she reported symptomatic improvement. This case highlights an uncommon late-diagnosed CF phenotype in an octogenarian with pancreatic sufficiency, intermediate sweat chloride, chronic sinopulmonary disease, preserved lung function, and new isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The case emphasizes that preserved pancreatic function and advanced age do not exclude CF and that adult patients with chronic bronchiectasis, sinus disease, and atypical respiratory infections should be evaluated for CFTR dysfunction when clinically appropriate.

PMID 42719490
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PubMedChemical science2026-09-10

Multi-wavelength photo-activation of transmembrane chloride transport in distinct vesicle populations using photocaged indolocarbazole anionophores.

Britton Kelly R KR, Langton Matthew J MJ

Synthetic ionophores enable the study of transmembrane ion transport and show promise as therapeutics or for engineering responsive synthetic cells. Incorporation of photolabile protecting groups (photocages) allows for OFF-ON control over transport to spatiotemporally regulate activity; however, systems incorporating two different photocages such that two wavelengths of irradiation are required for activation are unknown. Here, we report a family of photocaged indolocarbazole-based anionophores that enable multi-wavelength photo-activation of chloride transport in lipid bilayer vesicles. Mono- and di-ortho-nitrobenzyl photocaged derivatives fully inhibit anion binding and transport until irradiation cleaves the protecting group to restore activity. Introduction of a BODIPY photocage afforded a unique dual-photocaged transporter, in which sequential irradiation at 530 nm and 365 nm triggers stepwise photocage cleavage to regenerate the active anionophore. This strategy also allows for selective activation of anion transport in different vesicles in a mixed population containing different mono-photocaged transporters. These results establish photocaged indolocarbazoles as a versatile platform for photo-responsive ionophores and enable unprecedented multi-wavelength sequential control of transmembrane transport in separate vesicle populations. Beyond fundamental insights into the design of stimuli-responsive transporters, this approach provides new opportunities for spatiotemporal regulation of ion transport in artificial and living cellular systems.

PMID 42719347
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PubMedJournal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition2026-09-10

Exocrine pancreatic function and highly effective modulators: A dual center retrospective study.

Cerchione Raffaele R, Tosco Antonella A, Cimbalo Chiara C, Capasso Francesca F et al.

Highly effective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators (HEMTs) have significantly improved outcomes in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Their impact on established pancreatic disease remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the effects of HEMTs on exocrine pancreatic function in children with CF. This retrospective dual-center observational study included children with CF treated with HEMTs for at least 12 months at the CF centers of Naples and Florence, Italy. Patients received elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) or ivacaftor (IVA). Fecal elastase-1 (FE-1), body mass index (BMI) z-score, sweat chloride, ppFEV1, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) use and history of recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) were evaluated at baseline and during follow-up. Patients with EPI were categorized as responders if FE-1 increased by ≥100 μg/g. A total of 136 children (median age 11 years) were included. At baseline, 116/136 (85.3%) had EPI. Median FE-1 increased from 7.5 μg/g (interquartile range [IQR] 7.5-11) at baseline to 11.9 μg/g (IQR 7.5-21) after 12 months (p < 0.01). An increase in FE-1 was observed in 55/116 patients (47.4%), while a clinically relevant increase (≥ 100 μg/g) occurred in 5 patients at 12 months and in 3 additional patients at 24 months. One patient reached repeated FE-1 values in the pancreatic-sufficient range and discontinued PERT under clinical and nutritional monitoring. Significant improvements were observed in BMI z-score, ppFEV1, and sweat chloride (p < 0.01). Among pancreatic-sufficient patients, none with prior RAP experienced recurrence during follow-up. Clinically meaningful FE-1 improvement in established EPI appears limited, although a subset of younger patients may show meaningful improvement. HEMTs may also reduce pancreatitis recurrence in pancreatic-sufficient individuals.

PMID 42720211
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PubMedFrontiers in allergy2026-09-10

Granular parakeratosis associated with the use of laundry sanitizers containing benzalkonium chloride: a case report.

Fang Meizhen M, Zhang Jingqiu J, Qu Zilu Z, Hu Bin B et al.

Granular parakeratosis (GP) is a rare benign inflammatory dermatosis that preferentially involves the axillae and other intertriginous, friction-prone skin sites and typically presents with pruritic erythema and scaling. Cases associated with benzalkonium chloride (BAC) exposure have rarely been systematically summarized, and further clinical evidence is needed. Herein, we report a case of generalized GP potentially associated with long-term exposure to a BAC-containing laundry sanitizer, with the aim of expanding the clinical spectrum of cutaneous adverse reactions associated with BAC. A 43-year-old Asian man presented with a persistent rash on the trunk and intertriginous areas for more than 1 year. He had a long-standing history of eczema with possible underlying skin-barrier dysfunction but no confirmed diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. He had regularly used a commercial laundry sanitizer containing BAC (0.5 g/L) for clothing disinfection since June 2020, at a frequency of 1-3 times per week. The first rash appeared in July 2021, approximately 13 months after the start of exposure, initially involving the groin and subsequently spreading symmetrically to the neck, axillae, antecubital fossae, lateral waist, back (with sparing of the spinal midline), and undergarment-covered areas. Fungal microscopy and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining were negative. Histopathology showed epidermal hyperkeratosis with characteristic granular parakeratosis, intracorneal pustule formation, neutrophil aggregation, and superficial dermal perivascular inflammatory infiltrates. Direct immunofluorescence for IgG, IgA, IgM, and C3 was negative. In August 2023, the patient completely discontinued the BAC-containing laundry sanitizer, repeatedly rinsed all garments with clean water, and used topical emollients for skin-barrier repair. The lesions gradually subsided and achieved complete clinical remission in September 2023, approximately 1 month after the intervention. No recurrence was observed during 1 year of follow-up. Exposure to BAC-containing laundry sanitizer may be a potential trigger for generalized GP in susceptible individuals. A history of eczema and associated skin-barrier dysfunction may increase susceptibility to irritant exposure. Avoidance of suspected irritants together with skin-barrier repair may be effective in the management of BAC-associated GP. Further prospective studies and confirmatory testing are needed to clarify the causal relationship.

PMID 42718566
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PubMedNpj Materials degradation2026-09-10

Materials Acceleration Platform for Electrochemistry: a Platform for Autonomous Electrochemistry.

Persaud Daniel D, Werezak Mike M, Xu Mark M, Zhou Melyne M et al.

Corrosion testing is slow, labor-intensive, and sensitive to operator technique, limiting the generation of large, high-quality datasets for data-driven materials discovery. The Materials Acceleration Platform for Electrochemistry (MAP-E) is an autonomous, high-throughput system, capable of performing parallel electrochemical experiments. It integrates robotic liquid handling and sample transfer with a multi-channel potentiostatic control to extract corrosion metrics without human intervention. Validation against an ASTM G61-analog benchmark demonstrates good reproducibility, with a standard deviation of 75 mV in pitting potential across 32 automated measurements. The platform was then employed to autonomously construct pH-chloride stability diagrams for 304 stainless steel using an uncertainty-driven sampling strategy on a Gaussian process surrogate model. This approach reduces operator involvement and accelerates the exploration of environmental spaces. The MAP-E establishes a framework for autonomous electrochemical experimentation, enabling generation of corrosion datasets that inform materials discovery, alloy design, and durability assessment in service environments.

PMID 42718626
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