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amoxicillin (Moxacin / amoxicillin, CSL)

✓ Approved

CSL Limited · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 amoxicillin？

amoxicillin 是一种小分子，由CSL Limited研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Moxacin, amoxicillin, CSL
公司CSL Limited
药物类别小分子
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, CSL Limited

治疗适应症

amoxicillin 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsSalmonellosis✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

The Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Spectrum: A Report of Two Contrasting Cases Managed in a Burn Unit.

Constantinescu Mihai-Codrin MC, Moraru Dan-Cristian DC, Poroch Vladimir V, Avadanei-Luca Stefana S et al.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe, potentially life-threatening mucocutaneous reactions classified based on body surface area (BSA) involvement: SJS affects less than 10% BSA, SJS/TEN overlap affects 10-30% BSA, and TEN affects more than 30% BSA. The mortality rates range from 4.8-9% for SJS to 14.8-48% for TEN. Treatment remains controversial, with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) being the most debated therapeutic options. While some studies suggest IVIg may block Fas-mediated keratinocyte apoptosis, meta-analyses have shown conflicting results regarding mortality benefit. We describe two patients from opposite ends of the SJS/TEN spectrum, managed in a burn unit with different therapeutic approaches. The first patient, a 47-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus, developed TEN with approximately 35% body surface area involvement, complicated by sepsis and rhabdomyolysis; he was treated with systemic corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg, 0.4 g/kg/day for 3 days). The second patient, a 66-year-old woman, developed SJS attributed to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and was treated with systemic corticosteroids alone. Both patients achieved complete re-epithelialization without major sequelae. These two cases illustrate the clinical heterogeneity of the SJS/TEN spectrum and the central role of early recognition, prompt withdrawal of the culprit drug, transfer to a specialized unit, and multidisciplinary supportive care. Given the substantial differences between the two patients in age, sex, comorbidities, culprit drugs, and disease severity, no comparative or causal inference regarding the relative efficacy of the two treatment strategies can be drawn; no efficacy claim is made for either therapeutic approach; this report is descriptive, and the two cases are presented as contrasting rather than comparable.

PMID 42929981
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PubMedWiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)2026-10-25

Development and validation of a method for determining the quantitative content of amoxicillin in suspensions for injection based on coconut oil and aluminum stearate.

Velesyk Tetiana A TA, Sachuk Roman M RM, Shpyt Iryna V IV, Liniichuk Nataliia V NV et al.

Aim of the work was to develop and validate a method for determining the quantitative content of amoxicillin in suspensions for injections by the method of liquid chromatography. Materials and Methods: The analysis was performed on a Dionex Ultimate 3000 liquid chromatograph, equipped with an LPG-3400SD pump, an ACC-3000 autosampler, and a DAD-3000 diode array detector. The samples were separated on an Acclaim C18 250 × 3.0 mm chromatographic column. The mobile phase was a mixture of 0.01 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a pH of 2.5 and acetonitrile in a volume ratio of 4:1. The eluent supply rate was 0.5 ml/min, amoxicillin was detected at an absorption wavelength of 225 nm. The test and standard samples were dissolved in the mobile phase to a concentration of 150 μg/ml of amoxicillin. The results were calculated using the Chromeleon 7.2 software. We determined the overall uncertainty of the analysis, the parameters of the chromatographic peak, and validated the method according to the indicators of accuracy, precision, linearity, robustness (stability of solutions over time). Results: Under the above conditions, it was possible to completely separate amoxicillin and other components of the studied medicines. It was found that amoxicillin was stable in the test solution for 4 hours, and the suitability parameters of the chromatographic peaks did not exceed the limits specified in the recommendations for analytical research methods. The calibration curve was linear in the recommended range (80-120% of the nominal concentration of the active substance). The coefficient of linearity (R2) was 0.9997. The extraction of amoxicillin under the conditions of its addition to the matrix and the repeatability of the method were within the limits established by the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. Conclusion: The method is suitable for routine use in the study of the quantitative content of amoxicillin in suspensions for injections.

PMID 42922313
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PubMedJAC-antimicrobial resistance2026-10-25

Trends in antibiotic prescribing by general practitioners in Belgium (2014-2023) and association with changing workforce demographics.

Domen Julie J, Kelly Moira M, Coenen Samuel S, Daïnou Kasso K et al.

General practitioners (GPs) account for most antibiotic prescriptions in the community. GP age and sex may influence prescribing, particularly in the context of demographic shifts in the GP workforce. We aimed to assess trends in antibiotic prescribing by GPs in Belgium and associations between GP age and sex with prescribing volume and quality. A retrospective analysis on nationwide administrative health data was conducted. Aggregated data on reimbursed systemic antibiotics (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical J01) prescribed by GPs (2014-2023) were linked to the insured population (2014-2023), GP demographics (2014-2022) and consultation data (2014-2022). Volume was measured using population-based indicators: defined daily doses (DDD) and packages per 1000 beneficiaries per day (DBD and PBD) and prescriber-based indicators (DDD per GP, DDD and packages per consultation). Quality was evaluated using the proportion of amoxicillin among amoxicillin plus amoxicillin/clavulanate and the broad- to narrow-spectrum antibiotic ratio. Trends were analysed using Pearson correlations; associations using multivariable linear mixed models. Between 2014 and 2023, antibiotic volume decreased across all population-based indicators, with DDD, DBD and PBD decreasing by 16%, 19% and 18% (P < 0.01). Prescriber-based indicators also decreased between 2014 and 2022, with DDD per GP and packages per consultation declining by 27% and 40%, respectively (P < 0.01). Quality improved, with a 34% decrease in broad-to-narrow ratio and a 14% increase in the proportion of amoxicillin. Older and male GPs had higher volumes and less favourable quality indicators. Antibiotic prescribing by Belgian GPs declined over the past decade, but differences by GP age and sex suggest opportunities for targeted antimicrobial stewardship.

PMID 42923594
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PubMedACS omega2026-10-25

Antibacterial Activity of Equisetin from Endophytic Fusarium incarnatum JMB4 Associated with Jatropha multifida L. Against MRSA: Experimental and In Silico Insights.

Satriawan Herland H, Khalda Rachel Shammara RS, Li Hao-Ze HZ, Setiawansyah Arif A et al.

An antibacterial metabolite was isolated from the endophytic fungus Fusarium incarnatum JMB4 associated with Jatropha multifida L. by bioactivity-guided chromatography and recrystallization. The isolated compound was assigned as equisetin using UV-vis, FTIR, LC-MS/MS, and 1H NMR data. Anti-MRSA activity was evaluated by disk diffusion, with chloramphenicol and amoxicillin as antibiotic comparators. At 1% (w/v; 100 μg/disk), equisetin produced an inhibition zone of 23.94 ± 0.66 mm; the recorded comparator zones were 24.71 ± 0.68 mm for chloramphenicol (30 μg/disk) and 11.76 ± 0.66 mm for amoxicillin (25 μg/disk). The lowest tested equisetin concentration producing a measurable zone was 78.1 μg/mL (7.03 ± 0.25 mm). This diffusion end point does not represent a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the unequal disk loads preclude a direct comparison of intrinsic antibacterial potency. Exploratory docking against penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) yielded a score of -5.5041 kcal/mol and a predicted pose outside the canonical catalytic pocket. A 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation described the behavior of the modeled complex but did not establish PBP2a inhibition. These results document anti-MRSA activity of the isolated compound under the tested conditions; standardized MIC determination and further structural validation remain necessary.

PMID 42923996
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PubMedInternational journal of antimicrobial agents2026-10-25

Association of therapeutic antimicrobial class with incidence of acute complications and recurrent infection following non-severe streptococcal pharyngitis or tonsillitis.

Kitano Taito T, Yoshida Sayaka S

While penicillin or amoxicillin is mostly recommended for treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis, other antimicrobials are sometimes used. The objective of this study was to assess risk of developing invasive diseases, complications, and recurrent infection among those with streptococcal pharyngitis or tonsillitis treated with different classes of antimicrobials. This retrospective observational study used TriNetX, a database with multicenter electronic health records. The incidence of acute complications and recurrent infection among patients with streptococcal pharyngitis or tonsillitis was compared between the penicillin and non-penicillin groups following propensity score matching. Initially, 313,143 and 56,893 patients in the penicillin and non-penicillin groups were identified, and 56,402 participants from each group were matched. The HRs were 0.69 [0.53-0.89]; p=0.004 for invasive disease or acute complication, 0.97 [0.92-1.0.2]; p=0.256 for clinical recurrence, 1.03 [0.97-1.09]; p=0.325 for microbiological recurrence, and 1.01 [0.82-1.25]; p=0.912 for glomerulonephritis or hematuria, suggesting comparable results in penicillin group. These outcomes were also comparable between the first- and third-generation cephalosporin groups. The study findings indicated penicillin or amoxicillin should be the first-line treatment for streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis. While cephalosporins were associated with fewer recurrent infection, a judicious use of the third-generation cephalosporin is required in specific cases where prevention of recurrence is required from an antimicrobial stewardship perspective.

PMID 42927794
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PubMedRevista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia2026-10-25

Azithromycin as macrolide of choice in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes in expectant management.

Bosi Fernanda Castilhos FC, Müller Gabriel Cardozo GC, Vettorazzi Janete J, Vettori Daniela Vanessa DV et al.

This study seeks to demonstrate that the use of antibiotics, with azithromycin as macrolide of choice, in expectant management reduces the birth rate in the first 48 hours after PPROM, increasing the latency period between PPROM and birth. Observational, retrospective cohort study in pregnant women with PPROM treated conservatively at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, from January 2012 to December 2019. For the group that used antibiotics, the scheme was Azithromycin and Ampicillin for 48 hours, followed by Amoxicillin for 5 days, completing 7 days of treatment. 145 participants, of which 107 did not use antibiotics (Group 1) and 38 used antibiotics (Group 2). The 48-hour birth rate was significantly lower in the antibiotics group (33.6% in Group 1 vs. 16% in Group 2, p=0.04). The birth rate on patients presenting outcomes before 15 days presented a significant reduction (HR 0.6 [95% CI 0.39-0.92]), as well median time to birth as seen in Kaplan-Meier estimator by log-rank test. The use of this antibiotic's regimen, with azithromycin as macrolide of choice, reduces delivery within 48 hours, with potential clinical benefits due to the increase in the pharmacological window for corticosteroid action, among others, and increased median time to birth in first 15 days between PPROM and birth.

PMID 42924378
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