carteolol (OPC1085 / Ocupress / Mikelan, ophthalmic)

The rationale for ophthalmic vigilance during the 2026 Hantavirus outbreak.

Zhao Aaron T AT, Deaner Jordan D JD

Transvenous Embolization for Complex Anterior Cranial Fossa Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Following Prior Embolization: A Case Report.

Shimoi Akihiro A, Yoshida Keisuke K, Akaji Kazunori K, Terada Tomoaki T

Anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistulas (ACF DAVFs) are high-risk lesions because of cortical venous drainage and are generally treated by surgical interruption of the draining vein or transarterial embolization (TAE). Transvenous embolization (TVE) has recently emerged as an alternative treatment in selected cases. A 67-year-old man with a residual ACF DAVF after previous bilateral ophthalmic artery Onyx (Medtronic, Irvine, CA, USA) embolization was referred for additional treatment. Repeat TAE was considered anatomically difficult because of distal ophthalmic artery occlusion after prior treatment. Craniotomy was presented as the standard treatment but was declined by the patient. Preoperative imaging demonstrated focal shunt localization and feasible venous access to the foot of the draining vein. TVE was therefore performed using selective venous catheterization and Onyx embolization. Complete angiographic obliteration was achieved without neurological deficit, hemorrhagic complication, or postoperative olfactory disturbance. Because of strong resistance during catheter retrieval, the microcatheter was intentionally retained to avoid venous injury. TVE may represent a feasible alternative for selected residual ACF DAVFs after prior embolization when additional arterial access is limited and the venous anatomy is favorable. Careful patient selection and meticulous procedural planning remain essential.

ARTNet: Adaptive channel-wise and Region-aware Transformer Network for diabetic retinopathy segmentation and classification.

Kumar Annuj A, Shruthi Munjam M, Sujeeth Thiruppathy T, Mohideen Abubacker Kaja AK et al.

Early and accurate detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is essential to prevent irreversible vision loss; however, manual screening is labor-intensive and subject to inter-observer variability. To address these limitations, we propose ARTNet, an Adaptive channel-wise and Region-aware Transformer Network for automated DR classification and segmentation from retinal fundus images. ARTNet integrates three sub-network mechanisms. The Adaptive Channel-wise Feature Network (ACFNet) performs channel recalibration using dual pooling and shared multilayer perceptrons to enhance discriminative retinal representations while suppressing irrelevant responses. The Ophthalmic Region-Aware Attention Network (ORAANet) applies spatial attention to highlight clinically significant regions, including lesions and abnormal vasculature. The Retinal Patch Aggregation Encoder Network (RPAENet), built on multi-head self-attention, captures long-range dependencies and global retinal context for hierarchical feature modeling. Convolutional refinement and global average pooling enable robust five-class DR classification, while a class-balanced focal loss mitigates data imbalance and improves minority-class sensitivity. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of ARTNet over intermediate and state-of-the-art models. On the Diabetic Retinopathy Detection dataset, ARTNet achieves 96.45% accuracy, 96.85% precision, 96.34% recall, and 96.60% F1-score. The model is further validated on the APTOS-2019 Blindness Detection and IDRiD datasets. Classification performance is evaluated using image-level DR grading metrics, whereas lesion segmentation performance is evaluated using the pixel-level lesion annotations available only in the IDRiD dataset. Results show that dual attention with transformer-based global reasoning improves feature representation and classification reliability. Its efficiency and stability support real-time ophthalmic screening and a clinical decision system.

Ocular Complications Among Patients with Beta-Thalassemia Major and Intermedia Patients: A Comparative Study from Pakistan.

Saeed Amber A, Naheed Farah F, Ullah Saif S, Ullah Asad A et al.

Beta-thalassemia is associated with systemic complications from chronic anemia, iron overload, and long-term transfusion therapy, which may also affect ocular structures. This study aimed to compare the frequency and patterns of ocular complications between patients with β-thalassemia major and β-thalassemia intermedia. This comparative cross-sectional study included 30 patients (60 eyes) with β-thalassemia major or β-thalassemia intermedia, recruited via convenience nonprobability sampling. All participants underwent comprehensive optometric and ophthalmic evaluation, including assessments of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, stereopsis, tear break-up time, visual field testing, and slit-lamp examination of the anterior and posterior segments. Serum ferritin levels were also recorded, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. The mean age of participants was 20. 20.67 ± 7. 44 years, and 60% were female. Serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in patients with β-thalassemia major than in those with β-thalassemia intermedia (4056. 47 ± 2415. 28; p < 0. 001). Uncorrected visual acuity and superior visual field extent were significantly better in the intermedia group (0. 913 ± 0. 196 decimal and 52. 67 ± 7. 74 degrees, respectively; p < 0. 05). Tear break- up time was significantly longer in the major group (9. 87 ± 4. 25 seconds) than in the intermedia group (6. 27 ± 3. 91 seconds; p < 0. 005). Patients receiving chelation therapy for more than 5 years had significantly lower tear break-up time values (p = 0. 04). Lenticular abnormalities were observed in 10% of eyes in both groups, whereas vitreous condensations and peripheral fundus atrophic changes were more frequent in β-thalassemia intermedia. In conclusion, patients with β-thalassemia major have higher serum ferritin levels and poorer visual function, whereas certain posterior segment changes appear more prevalent in β-thalassemia intermedia. These findings highlight the importance of regular ophthalmic screening in patients with thalassemia.