aP vaccine (aP vaccine, NAVA)

Non-invasive Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NIV-Nava): Four-Year Experience in a Level III Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Ferreira Madalena M, Roquette Margarida M, Belo Inês I, Correia Cátia R CR et al.

Introduction Non-invasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NIV-NAVA) is a ventilation mode that uses the electrical activity of the diaphragm to synchronize respiratory support with the patient's spontaneous effort. It has emerged as a promising non-invasive modality for neonates. We aimed to evaluate the clinical success of NIV-NAVA in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) setting. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Portugal to describe the experience with NIV-NAVA in a level III NICU. Methods We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study through a medical record review over four years (January 2021 to December 2024). All newborns admitted to our NICU who were ventilated using NIV-NAVA were included. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on demographic and diagnostic data. Ventilatory and gasometrical parameters, including fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂), pH, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO₂), were evaluated before and after NIV-NAVA initiation. A respiratory severity score (RSS) was calculated at baseline to assess the severity of respiratory disease. The primary outcome was the proportion of NIV-NAVA episodes not requiring subsequent endotracheal intubation, and success was defined as the avoidance of subsequent intubation. Results A total of 36 NIV-NAVA episodes were recorded across 28 newborns, with a mean gestational age of 26 weeks and a mean birth weight of 822g. All newborns were diagnosed with prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The mean baseline RSS was 3.7, reflecting the respiratory disease burden at NIV-NAVA initiation. NIV-NAVA was initiated following extubation in 83.3% of cases and as therapeutic escalation in 16.7%. Success was achieved in 58.3% of all episodes (60% in the post-extubation group and 50% in the escalation group). No statistically significant differences were observed in mean FiO₂ or pCO₂ values before and after NIV-NAVA. Discussion NIV-NAVA success was observed in the majority of newborns, including extremely low birth weight infants with clinically relevant respiratory disease burden. While NIV-NAVA offers significant theoretical advantages regarding patient-ventilator synchronization, published evidence in the NICU remains limited. Conclusion Our findings support the use of NIV-NAVA as a feasible non-invasive ventilatory modality in preterm infants, particularly for post-extubation respiratory support, although further randomized controlled trials are warranted to better establish its role and efficacy within the neonatal population.

Ambient-Dried Cellulose Nanofibril/H2TiO3 Composite Aerogel for Enhanced Lithium Capture at Seawater-Relevant pH.

Wang Xueqiao X, Wang Jing J, Wang Wenxuan W, Liu Ruimeng R et al.

Efficient seawater lithium harvesting requires adsorbents combining high selectivity with scalable, low-energy fabrication. Although H2TiO3 lithium-ion sieves (HTO-LIS) exhibit exceptional Li+ selectivity, their deployment is hindered by strict alkaline requirements and reliance on energy-intensive shaping processes such as freeze-drying. Herein, we report a cellulose nanofibril (CNF) composite aerogel addressing both challenges simultaneously. Ammonium phytate (AP), a bio-derived polyphosphate, serves a dual function: as a green crosslinker for CNF and as an in situ alkalinity generator, creating a localized alkaline microenvironment around immobilized HTO nanoparticles that enables efficient topotactic H+/Li+ exchange at seawater-relevant pH 8 without requiring strongly alkaline bulk conditions. Crucially, the AP-crosslinked CNF skeleton withstands capillary forces during ambient-pressure drying, preserving a hierarchical macroporous network without freeze-drying. The resulting AP-CNF@HTO monolith achieves a Li+ capacity of 19.08 mg g-1 at pH 8, a 128.9% enhancement over pristine HTO, with excellent selectivity against competing ions in real seawater and 88.3% capacity retention after ten cycles. This work demonstrates that rational bio-based crosslinker selection can concurrently solve the alkaline microenvironment and ambient-drying challenges of HTO-LIS composites, offering an ambient-pressure-drying route with reduced reliance on energy-intensive freeze-drying for seawater lithium enrichment.

First mRNA Cancer Vaccine Succeeds in Phase III Trial.

Adding the mRNA-based individualized neoantigen vaccine intismeran autogene to the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab following surgery for melanoma reduced the risk of disease recurrence or death by 42%, according to the results of the phase III INTerpath-0001 trial. The data were presented at the ESMO Congress 2026, held October 23-27, in Madrid, Spain.

Innovative vaccine strategies for sustainable control and eradication of peste des petits ruminants virus.

Bello Muhammad Bashir MB, Hameed Sodiq A SA, Abdullahi Adama Musa AM, Lawal Nafi'u N et al.