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amiodarone (Nexterone / PM101 / amiodarone, Prism)

✓ Approved

Baxter International, Inc. · SCN5A · 小分子

什么是 amiodarone？

amiodarone 是一种小分子，由Baxter International, Inc.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intravenous (IV)。

药物档案

商品名Nexterone, PM101, amiodarone, Prism
公司Baxter International, Inc.
药物类别小分子
分子靶点SCN5A
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Baxter International, Inc.

作用机制

分子靶点

amiodarone 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

SCN5Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5 (CMD1E, SSS1)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

amiodarone 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Cardiac disordersVentricular fibrillation✓ Approved
Cardiac disordersVentricular tachycardia✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedDrug design, development and therapy2026-10-26

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Predict Drug-Drug Interactions of Aficamten in the Chinese Population.

Wang Ziyang Z, Wu Xiaofei X, Jia Ranran R, Wang Hongyun H

Aficamten is a next-generation cardiac myosin inhibitor (CMI) developed for the treatment of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM). Although extensive clinical pharmacology studies have been conducted in Caucasian populations, limited information is available regarding drug-drug interaction (DDI) risks in the Chinese population. Given the contribution of multiple cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes to aficamten metabolism and inter-ethnic differences in CYP-mediated metabolic capacity, it is important to characterize DDI risks and associated changes in aficamten exposure in Chinese subjects. A whole-body physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of aficamten was developed using clinical data from Caucasian subjects and extrapolated to the Chinese population. The PBPK model was subsequently applied to compare aficamten exposure between Chinese and Caucasian populations and to predict DDIs in Chinese subjects. Ethnic sensitivity analysis indicated that the key PK parameters of aficamten (AUC0-∞, Cmax, and T1/2) were comparable between Caucasian and Chinese populations. Overall, the predicted DDI magnitudes in the Chinese population were generally consistent with the corresponding Caucasian DDI simulations. Specifically, the model predicted that co-administration with the broad-spectrum CYP inhibitors amiodarone and fluconazole increased the AUC0-∞ of aficamten by 1.43- and 2.27-fold, respectively, whereas the strong inducers carbamazepine and rifampicin decreased its exposure by 35% and 71%, respectively. Notably, under the simulated fluconazole or amiodarone co-administration scenarios, the predicted AUC0-∞ of CYP2D6 intermediate metabolizers (IMs) was 2.22-fold and 1.50-fold higher than that in CYP2D6 normal metabolizers (NMs), respectively. The PBPK model predicted substantial changes in aficamten exposure with broad-spectrum CYP inhibitors (eg, amiodarone, fluconazole) and strong CYP inducers (eg, carbamazepine, rifampicin), and identified CYP2D6 IMs receiving fluconazole or amiodarone as potentially sensitive scenarios. These model-based findings provide quantitative information for DDI risk assessment in Chinese subjects but require clinical confirmation.

PMID 42928782
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PubMedNeurogastroenterology and motility2026-10-26

Epidemiology of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Among Chilean Adults: Differences Across Healthcare Settings and Urban-Rural Populations.

von Muhlenbrock Christian C, Pacheco Nicole N, Santos Natalia N, Carbone Florencia F et al.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most prevalent disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs), with an estimated global prevalence ranging from 4.1% to 17%. However, prevalence data remain largely unknown in many countries and across different populations. The aim of this study was to characterize IBS among Chilean adults using Spanish-validated Rome diagnostic criteria across healthcare and community-based settings, including public and private gastroenterology outpatient populations and urban and rural/Mapuche community populations. IBS was assessed using standardized, Spanish-validated Rome questionnaires, with Rome IV criteria applied to available symptom data in the outpatient cohorts (public and private) and the official Spanish-language Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire used in the community-based populations (urban and rural/Mapuche). Data were analyzed using chi-squared, Mann-Whitney U, and multivariable logistic regression, with analyses performed using GraphPad Prism. We evaluated the proportion of gastroenterology outpatients meeting Rome IV criteria for IBS and IBS subtypes in 8717 patients, as well as IBS prevalence in 896 urban and rural/Mapuche community participants. The proportion of gastroenterology outpatients meeting Rome IV criteria for IBS was higher in the public than private hospital (36.2% vs. 23.3%; p < 0.0001) and in urban females versus males (30.5% vs. 20.5%; p = 0.0015). Rural/Mapuche and urban populations showed comparable IBS prevalence (30.9% vs. 25.7%; p = 0.26), and rural/Mapuche residence was not significantly associated with IBS after adjustment for age and sex (adjusted OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.68-2.05; p = 0.56). The rural/Mapuche population had a different subtype distribution, with a higher proportion of IBS-M. IBS symptoms compatible with Rome IV criteria were common across the evaluated Chilean adult populations, with differences observed according to healthcare setting and sex. Although IBS prevalence did not differ significantly between the urban and rural/Mapuche populations, this finding should be interpreted cautiously given differences in age and recruitment methods. Larger population-based studies are needed to confirm these findings in rural and Indigenous populations. These data provide novel insights into IBS epidemiology in a Latin American country with marked socioeconomic heterogeneity and may inform future population-based and mechanistic studies in diverse settings.

PMID 42928586
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PubMedStrabismus2026-10-26

A case of highly myopic strabismus with large exotropia after Yokoyama procedure.

Simpao Juan Lorenzo JL, Goseki Toshiaki T, Onouchi Hiromi H

Highly myopic strabismus (heavy eye syndrome) is characterized by superotemporal prolapse of the elongated globe, resulting in nasal displacement of the superior rectus (SR) muscle and inferior displacement of the lateral rectus (LR) muscle. This abnormal extraocular muscle configuration can result in restrictive esotropia, limitation of abduction, and progressive binocular diplopia. The Yokoyama procedure restores the extraocular muscle paths by uniting the SR and LR muscle bellies and generally provides excellent ocular alignment. Persistent postoperative exotropia is uncommon and its management has rarely been described. We report a case of persistent large-angle exotropia following an uncomplicated bilateral Yokoyama procedure despite satisfactory postoperative muscle repositioning on orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 72-year-old woman with high myopia and progressive horizontal diplopia underwent ophthalmologic and strabismus evaluation, including orbital MRI before and after bilateral Yokoyama procedures. Ocular alignment, axial length, and SR-LR displacement angles were assessed. Following development of persistent postoperative exotropia, the patient was observed for six months. Because the deviation did not improve spontaneously and postoperative MRI demonstrated satisfactory SR and LR repositioning, bilateral medial rectus (MR) plication was subsequently performed while preserving the SR-LR union. Preoperatively, the patient had 35 prism diopters (PD) of esotropia at distance with limitation of bilateral abduction and elevation. Axial lengths were 27.19 mm in the right eye and 26.91 mm in the left eye. Orbital MRI demonstrated nasal displacement of the SR and inferior displacement of the LR, with SR-LR displacement angles of 142° and 144°, respectively. Following bilateral Yokoyama procedures, approximately 55 PD of exotropia developed on the first postoperative day and persisted with little spontaneous improvement over three months. Repeat MRI demonstrated restoration of the normal SR-LR relationship, with displacement angles improving to 97° and 95°, confirming successful anatomical correction despite persistent exotropia. After six months of observation, bilateral 7-mm MR plication was performed. One month later, ocular alignment improved to near orthotropia, with resolution of diplopia and recovery of stereopsis. Persistent large-angle exotropia may occur despite successful anatomical correction following the Yokoyama procedure. Postoperative orbital MRI can help distinguish persistent muscle malposition from successful SR and LR repositioning. When satisfactory muscle positioning is confirmed and spontaneous improvement does not occur, preserving the SR-LR union and addressing the residual horizontal deviation with MR plication may provide an effective secondary surgical strategy. This case highlights the value of postoperative imaging in guiding management of unexpected overcorrection after the Yokoyama procedure.

PMID 42929265
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PubMedInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2026-10-25

Transitions Among Four Spirometric States and Subsequent Pre-Bronchodilator Airflow Obstruction: A Community Cohort Study.

He Dongyu D, Wu Jiaxuan J, Ke Junyi J, Yang Lan L et al.

To compare short-term transitions among four pre-bronchodilator spirometric states, assess subsequent airflow obstruction risk by baseline state and the distribution of these states among observed events, and examine the association between repeated isolated spirometry-defined small-airway dysfunction (sSAD) and subsequent airflow obstruction. We analyzed spirometry data from three Chinese community cohorts (2019-2023). Modified Poisson regression assessed subsequent pre-bronchodilator airflow obstruction (AFO) by baseline state. Logistic models additionally adjusted for baseline FEV1/FVC. Repeated isolated sSAD was examined using bias-reduced logistic models before and after adjustment for prior FEV1/FVC values. Among 13,220 participants, 74.1% retained their baseline state. Among 11,551 without baseline AFO, follow-up AFO proportions were 0.61%, 8.11% and 18.60% for preserved spirometry, isolated sSAD and preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), respectively. In logistic models, additional baseline FEV1/FVC adjustment reduced standardized risk ratios from 12.44 to 2.33 (95% CI 1.58-3.44) for isolated sSAD and from 26.75 to 4.32 (2.69-6.92) for PRISm. Baseline isolated sSAD accounted for 392 of 492 AFO events (79.7%). Among 3947 participants with preserved spirometry or isolated sSAD at both initial examinations, the OR for two versus no isolated-sSAD detections decreased from 34.49 (12.02-99.00) to 1.99 (0.63-6.31; P=0.242) after adjustment for both prior FEV1/FVC values. PRISm was associated with the highest subsequent pre-bronchodilator AFO risk, whereas most events occurred in participants with baseline isolated sSAD. Associations were attenuated but persisted after baseline FEV1/FVC adjustment. The repeated-sSAD association was attenuated and no longer statistically significant after adjustment for both prior ratios.

PMID 42921268
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PubMedThe Journal of craniofacial surgery2026-10-25

Orbital Floor Blow-Out Fracture in a Patient With Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation: Diagnostic and Reconstructive Challenges.

Kılıç Ersin E, Ergani Hasan Murat HM, Öğüt Ziya Z, Çit Ridvan R et al.

Idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) is a nonspecific inflammatory orbital disorder that may cause diplopia and extraocular motility restriction. Orbital trauma in patients with pre-existing IOI and diplopia may complicate the etiologic differentiation of post-traumatic ocular findings and the surgical decision-making process. To the best of our knowledge, no case describing the surgical management of a traumatic orbital floor blow-out fracture in a patient with pre-existing IOI has been reported in the literature. This case report aims to present the clinical approach to an orbital floor blow-out fracture in a patient with IOI, with particular emphasis on surgical timing and the selection of reconstructive material. A 40-year-old woman presented ∼24 hours after blunt periorbital trauma. She had been receiving systemic corticosteroid and methotrexate therapy for IOI and had used prism glasses for diplopia before the trauma. On presentation, marked periorbital edema, ecchymosis, left enophthalmos, extraocular motility restriction in superior and lateral gaze, and diplopia were present. Computed tomography revealed an ∼2.8 cm² blow-out fracture of the left orbital floor. Because of the pre-existing diplopia, history of IOI, and marked post-traumatic inflammation, the contribution of mechanical restriction, post-traumatic edema, and the underlying inflammatory orbital disease to the early diplopia and motility restriction could not be clearly distinguished. After confirming that the IOI was inactive and that there was no ophthalmologic contraindication to surgery, and following resolution of the acute edema, the orbital floor was reconstructed with titanium mesh during the first week after trauma. Postoperatively, the extraocular motility restriction resolved completely, with normal ocular movements in all directions of gaze. With prism glasses, diplopia markedly improved and was limited to extreme superolateral gaze. By the second postoperative day, this residual diplopia had also nearly completely resolved. No apparent inflammatory reactivation of IOI was observed postoperatively, and methotrexate therapy was resumed. The evaluation of orbital blow-out fractures in patients with pre-existing IOI and diplopia may be challenging because traumatic and inflammatory processes can produce overlapping clinical findings. Surgical decision-making should be based on the combined assessment of the pretraumatic ocular status, disease activity, serial ophthalmologic examinations, enophthalmos, defect size, and other radiologic features. Surgical timing should take into account IOI activity and post-traumatic inflammatory findings, whereas the selection of reconstructive material should consider the mechanical requirements of the defect, the underlying inflammatory disease, and material biocompatibility. In this case, following confirmation of inactive IOI and resolution of the acute edema, titanium mesh reconstruction performed during the first week after trauma was not associated with IOI reactivation or an apparent implant-related inflammatory complication in the early postoperative period. However, this observation from a single case should not be interpreted as a generalizable conclusion regarding the safety of titanium mesh in patients with IOI.

PMID 42922427
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PubMedShoulder & elbow2026-10-25

Outcomes for the anatomic hybrid glenoid total shoulder arthroplasty system, A 6-year median follow-up.

Jaipal Chandar C, Eyre-Brook Alistair A, Vun James J, Espag Marius M et al.

The next-generation anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with hybrid glenoid fixation (AHG) is designed to reduce the incidence of glenoid component loosening. The primary aim is to assess the survival of AHG implant. Retrospective review of prospectively collected data on AHG between 2010 and 2020, including Clinical data, radiographs, Oxford Shoulder (OSS) and Constant Shoulder scores, which were collected and analysed using GraphPad Prism. A total of 51 AHGs in 46 patients were identified with median 6.0 years follow-up (IQR 4.8-7.0 years). Only one case required revision for aseptic loosening of the glenoid component at 3 years. Overall survivorship of AHG was 97.6% at 7 years. OSS at 1 year improved significantly (median: 42, IQR 35-48 vs. median: 20, IQR 15-26.5; p < .05). All range of movement at 1 year significantly improved (p < .05): flexion (median 132.5, IQR 105-150 vs. 90, IQR 70-97.5); abduction (median 130, IQR 100-150 vs. 60, IQR 50-90); external rotation (mean 50.9 vs. 22.8 degrees, SD ± 19.1) and non-parametric improvement in internal rotation. These improvements were maintained at the latest follow-up. AHG implants demonstrate a high survivorship rate whilst maintaining excellent range of movement and patient-reported outcome scores to support its continued use.

PMID 42923040
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