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CMV immunoglobulin (CytoGam)

✓ Approved

Sanofi S.A · 多克隆抗体 · 多克隆抗体

什么是 CMV immunoglobulin？

CMV immunoglobulin 是一种多克隆抗体，由Sanofi S.A研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intravenous (IV)。

药物档案

商品名CytoGam
公司Sanofi S.A
药物类别多克隆抗体, 抗体
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Sanofi S.A

治疗适应症

CMV immunoglobulin 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Surgical and medical proceduresAntiviral prophylaxis✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedJournal of medical virology2026-10-26

Short Versus Long Maribavir Treatment Duration for Cytomegalovirus Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Real-World Cohort Study.

Martínez-Simón David D, Los-Arcos Ibai I, Ribera Clara C, Bodro Marta M et al.

Maribavir (MBV) is an oral antiviral approved for refractory or resistant CMV, with an 8-week regimen used in the pivotal clinical trial. We compared outcomes of longer versus shorter MBV courses in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of all adult SOT recipients from three centers in Catalonia, Spain, treated with MBV through November 30, 2024. Patients were followed up for 3 months and categorized as receiving ≥ 42 days (long-duration group, LDG) or < 42 days (short-duration group, SDG). Primary outcomes were CMV clearance and recurrence. Sixty-one SOT recipients received MBV (29 in LDG; 32 in SDG). Median treatment duration was 64 versus 24 days (p < 0.001). LDG patients had higher baseline CMV load (15 000 vs. 2005 IU/mL, p = 0.001), more high-risk transplants (lung transplant: 8 vs. 1; CMV D + /R- mismatch: 52% vs. 28%), and more refractory/resistant infection, while intolerance was more common in SDG. CMV clearance was similar between groups (59% in LDG vs. 62% in SDG, p = 0.481), though clearance occurred later in LDG (27 vs. 13 days, p = 0.009). Recurrence rates were comparable (35% vs. 38%, p = 0.966). Refractory/resistance vs intolerance as the indication for MBV was the only factor associated with recurrence (51.6% vs. 21.4%, p = 0.017). Adverse events were generally mild (mainly dysgeusia), but four patients discontinued therapy because of this. In this real-world cohort of SOT recipients with refractory, resistant, or valganciclovir-intolerant CMV infection, selected patients receiving shorter MBV courses achieved viral clearance and recurrence rates comparable to the standard regimen.

PMID 42929750
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PubMedAging cell2026-10-26

Nonlinear Aging of the Human TCR Repertoire Is Influenced by Sex, CMV, and Cancer.

Lange Naja N, Attermann Asbjørn K AK, Juul Randi Istrup RI, Andersen Laura L et al.

Aging is accompanied by a progressive decline in immune function, increasing susceptibility to infections, cancer, and poorer treatment outcomes. The diversity of the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, reflecting the capacity to recognize diverse antigens, is known to decline with age. However, how intrinsic and extrinsic factors jointly shape TCR diversity and its rate of decline, as well as the extent to which this diversity influences clinical outcomes in cancer, remain poorly characterized. Here, we integrate TCR sequencing data from 1.32 billion unique T cell clones, derived from 798 patients with cancer and 5052 individuals without cancer across 14 independent cohorts, to systematically characterize the effects of age, sex, and chronic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on peripheral blood repertoire diversity. We identify a nonlinear trajectory of diversity loss that accelerates after midlife, with a marked increase in the rate of decline beyond approximately 50 years of age, which is further modified by sex and CMV infection. In patients with cancer, higher peripheral TCR diversity was associated with improved overall survival across multiple cancer types, even when accounting for the impact of age, sex, and CMV on diversity. Together, these findings underline peripheral TCR repertoire diversity as a dynamic marker of immune aging shaped by demographic and chronic viral factors.

PMID 42928046
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PubMedInternational journal of fertility & sterility2026-10-26

Viral Infections and Ovarian Reserve: Mechanistic Insights into Ovarian Aging- A Review.

Haratian Kaveh K, Borjian Boroujeni Parnaz P, Zarei Moradi Shabnam S, Mohseni Meybodi Anahita A

Ovarian aging, marked by the progressive loss of follicular reserve and decline in oocyte quality, is a principal determinant of female reproductive lifespan. While genetic and environmental factors are well-established contributors, viral infections, including both DNA and RNA viruses, are increasingly recognized as significant extrinsic modulators of ovarian function. This review synthesizes current evidence on the mechanisms and clinical outcomes by which key viral pathogens, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human papillomavirus (HPV), mumps virus, herpes simplex virus (HSV), and rubella virus, affect ovarian aging and reserve. The discussion highlights those viral infections can impact ovarian function through inflammation, cytopathic effects, oxidative stress, and immune-mediated mechanisms, although the magnitude and clinical relevance vary. Current evidence for viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and HBV is limited and inconsistent, highlighting the need for individualized assessment when considering fertility interventions. Further longitudinal and mechanistic studies are essential to clarify long-term reproductive outcomes and to guide evidence-based fertility counseling.

PMID 42929014
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PubMedAntibodies (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

Antibody-Related Mechanisms in Ocular Diseases: Autoimmunity, Malignancy, and Therapeutic Targeting.

Xiao Yehan Y, Zou Yaru Y, Yang Mingming M, Gu Wendong W et al.

Antibodies in ocular disease have heterogeneous biological meanings: they may act as direct pathogenic effectors, systemic diagnostic biomarkers, indicators of B-cell clonality, or therapeutic agents. This distinction is particularly important in the eye, where immune privilege and the blood-ocular barrier restrict tissue access, whereas inflammation may permit entry of immunoglobulins, complement, and immune cells or support local humoral responses. This narrative review integrates antibody and B-cell biology across autoimmune and paraneoplastic retinopathies, aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease, ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid, ocular myasthenia gravis, thyroid eye disease, systemic autoimmune and fibroinflammatory disorders with ocular involvement, and B-cell malignancies including vitreoretinal and ocular adnexal lymphoma. We distinguish the evidence for direct antibody pathogenicity from disease association and emphasize that a positive result is interpretable only in relation to the ocular phenotype, assay platform, titer, specimen compartment, and orthogonal confirmation. Serum testing, ocular-fluid analysis, electrophysiology, multimodal imaging, cytology, histopathology, immunophenotyping, immunoglobulin clonality, and molecular testing have complementary roles. Therapeutic strategies include B-cell or B-lineage depletion, complement inhibition, cytokine- or receptor-directed monoclonal antibodies, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor blockade, and emerging FcRn- or plasma-cell-directed approaches; however, regulatory status and ocular-specific evidence vary substantially among diseases. A mechanistically stratified framework may reduce overdiagnosis, improve recognition of malignant masquerade syndromes, and support more precise selection of targeted therapy.

PMID 42930036
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PubMedDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

The Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Spectrum: A Report of Two Contrasting Cases Managed in a Burn Unit.

Constantinescu Mihai-Codrin MC, Moraru Dan-Cristian DC, Poroch Vladimir V, Avadanei-Luca Stefana S et al.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe, potentially life-threatening mucocutaneous reactions classified based on body surface area (BSA) involvement: SJS affects less than 10% BSA, SJS/TEN overlap affects 10-30% BSA, and TEN affects more than 30% BSA. The mortality rates range from 4.8-9% for SJS to 14.8-48% for TEN. Treatment remains controversial, with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) being the most debated therapeutic options. While some studies suggest IVIg may block Fas-mediated keratinocyte apoptosis, meta-analyses have shown conflicting results regarding mortality benefit. We describe two patients from opposite ends of the SJS/TEN spectrum, managed in a burn unit with different therapeutic approaches. The first patient, a 47-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus, developed TEN with approximately 35% body surface area involvement, complicated by sepsis and rhabdomyolysis; he was treated with systemic corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg, 0.4 g/kg/day for 3 days). The second patient, a 66-year-old woman, developed SJS attributed to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and was treated with systemic corticosteroids alone. Both patients achieved complete re-epithelialization without major sequelae. These two cases illustrate the clinical heterogeneity of the SJS/TEN spectrum and the central role of early recognition, prompt withdrawal of the culprit drug, transfer to a specialized unit, and multidisciplinary supportive care. Given the substantial differences between the two patients in age, sex, comorbidities, culprit drugs, and disease severity, no comparative or causal inference regarding the relative efficacy of the two treatment strategies can be drawn; no efficacy claim is made for either therapeutic approach; this report is descriptive, and the two cases are presented as contrasting rather than comparable.

PMID 42929981
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PubMedClinical pediatrics2026-10-26

Clinical Features Associated with Timing of Identification of Congenital Cytomegalovirus.

Noorulla Fatima F, Pollick Sarah A SA, Nikirk Samantha S, Sturza Julie J et al.

The objective was to study perinatal and clinical factors associated with early vs delayed diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV). We conducted a cross-sectional caregiver-reported survey of children with cCMV aged 12 months to <11 years. The timing of diagnosis was categorized as early (<31 days of life) or delayed (≥31 d). Prenatal and perinatal features, neonatal signs, and clinical indications prompting cCMV testing were compared by timing of diagnosis using descriptive and bivariate analyses. Among 181 children, 133 (73.5%) were diagnosed before 31 days and 48 (26.5%) later. Early diagnosis was associated with suspected prenatal CMV infection (38.3% vs 8.3%), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission or prolonged hospitalization (50.4% vs 8.3%), and abnormal brain imaging at birth (58.6% vs 18.8%) (all P < .001). Early testing was more commonly prompted by abnormal prenatal ultrasound (33.8% vs 8.3%), NICU admission or severe illness (33.8% vs 0%), and abnormal newborn examination (48.9% vs 22.9%). Delayed diagnosis was more commonly prompted by late-onset hearing loss (29.2% vs 0.8%) and developmental concerns (33.3% vs 5.3%) (all P ≤ .002). Failed hearing screening did not differ between groups (39.6% vs 39.8%; P = .97). Timing of cCMV diagnosis reflects differences in clinical recognition and testing pathways rather than absence of signs.

PMID 42929372
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