北京若生智能科技有限公司
Drug Database
EP

epinastine (Talerc / Flurinol / Alesion Dry Syrup)

✓ Approved

Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited · HRH1 · 小分子

什么是 epinastine？

epinastine 是一种小分子，由Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Talerc, Flurinol, Alesion Dry Syrup
公司Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited
药物类别小分子
分子靶点HRH1
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited

作用机制

分子靶点

epinastine 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

HRH1histamine receptor H1 (HH1R, H1R)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

epinastine 针对 4 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersAsthma✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis allergic✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis atopic✓ Approved
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersRhinitis allergic✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026-10-26

Molecularly Engineered Nitrate Double Perovskites with Elevated Ferroelectric Phase Transition Temperature and Large Piezoelectric Response.

Ye Le L, Hu Guang-Yuan GY, Duan Yarou Y, Lin Yutong Y et al.

Conventional ABX3 perovskites place organic species at A-sites or as X-site linkers, where the B-site is reserved for metals. Molecular double perovskites with a general formula A2BIBIIIX6 possess higher tunability and distinct BI-sites that can accommodate small cations, further regulating lattice connectivity and physical properties. Here, we introduce a new family of BI-site-organic nitrate double perovskites, (RM3HQ)2BIEu(NO3)6 (RM3HQ = (R)-N-methyl-3-hydroxyquinuclidinium), forming compounds 1-4 with BI = ammonium, methylammonium, formamidinium, and dimethylammonium, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 adopt mixed corner-/face-sharing non-perovskite structures, whereas 3 and 4 form double perovskites. This structural variation raises the ferroelectric phase-transition temperature to 349 K in 4 and 414 K in 3, much higher than that of the inorganic analogue (Tc = 285 K). This further widens the temperature margin for stable room-temperature piezoelectric responses, as demonstrated in 3 by ferroelectric hysteresis loops, ferroelastic domains, and a large piezoelectric coefficient (|d33| ≈ 56 pC N-1). During these phase transitions, the Eu3+ photoluminescence intensity ratio (616 nm/ 592 nm) increases from 0.32 to 2.92 in 3 and from 0.37 to 4.59 in 4, reflecting transition-related changes in the ligand field. This work highlights the BI-site as an effective handle for tuning ferroelectric phase-transition temperatures and tunable Eu3+ photoluminescence.

PMID 42929189
阅读全文 →
PubMedEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026-10-26

Persistent RNA signatures suggestive of Mycobacterium leprae viability detected by qRT-PCR in multibacillary leprosy patients after one year of WHO-MDT: clinical and histopathological correlation.

Sharma Rahul R, Singh Itu I, Gupta Saurabh S, Lavania Mallika M et al.

Multidrug therapy (MDT) has significantly reduced the global burden of leprosy; however, emerging evidence suggests that viable Mycobacterium leprae may persist in high BI cases of leprosy even after completion of treatment, posing a risk for relapse and continued transmission. This study aimed to longitudinally quantify RNA transcripts of genes associated with viability M. leprae in high bacteriological index multibacillary leprosy patients during and after MDT and to correlate these findings with histopathological and clinical outcomes. Slit skin smear (SSS) samples were collected from 180 newly diagnosed multibacillary (MB) patients at recruitment (BI >3+), 125 patients at 6 months, and 60 patients at 12 months. DNA and RNA were extracted from SSSs, followed by reverse transcription to cDNA, and subjected to qPCR. Standard curves were generated using 10-fold serial dilutions of purified amplicons of all the genes to quantify the copy numbers. DNA was used for RLEP qPCR for normalization of RNA for 16S rRNA, hsp18 and esxA gene. We performed molecular viability assessment of M. leprae using real-time quantitative PCR targeting three viability associated genes: 16S rRNA, hsp18, and esxA. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison tests. Histopathological analysis was done in a subset of patients (n = 5) who showed presence of viable bacilli after 12 months of treatment. We observed that a significant proportion of patients show persistent expression of all three gene targets after one year of completion of MDT. When patients were released from treatment (RFT) at 12 months, gene expressions of 16S rRNA, esxA and hsp18 were detected in 40%, 45%, and 46.6% of high BI MB leprosy patients. Notably, copy numbers of genes either remained constant or increased over time in a subset of patients. Histopathological analysis corroborated molecular findings, showing presence of active granulomas and acid-fast bacilli in biopsies from such RFT patients. Statistical analysis confirmed a highly significant difference in gene expression between baseline and 12th month of MB MDT. Our findings demonstrate persistent RNA signatures associated with M. leprae viability in a subset of high-BI MB patients after completion of the standard 12-month WHO-MDT regimen. These molecular findings are suggestive of persistent bacterial viability but cannot definitively distinguish viable, replication-competent bacilli from residual RNA. The use of molecular viability markers (16S rRNA, hsp18, esxA) provides a sensitive tool for monitoring treatment response and supports the need to re-evaluate current fixed-duration therapy, especially for high-BI cases.

PMID 42928317
阅读全文 →
PubMedGeriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

Oral Frailty: Current Concepts, Assessment, Systemic Implications, and Future Perspectives.

Kusunoki Hiroshi H, Shinmura Ken K, Shimizu Hideo H

Oral frailty is an emerging geriatric syndrome characterized by subtle and multifactorial declines in oral function that may precede clinically apparent oral dysfunction. Increasing evidence suggests that oral frailty is closely associated with physical frailty, sarcopenia, malnutrition, and other indicators of systemic vulnerability, highlighting its potential role in the early detection of functional decline. However, practical approaches to early detection and intervention remain challenging because conventional assessments of oral function often require specialized equipment and professional expertise. This review summarizes recent advances in the assessment, clinical significance, and management of oral frailty, with particular emphasis on practical screening and its implications for early intervention. We discuss the utility and limitations of questionnaire-based screening tools, including the Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8) and Oral frailty five-item checklist (OF-5), which enable simple identification of individuals at increased risk in community and clinical settings. We also introduce findings from the FESTA study indicating that cystatin C-related indices, including the creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio and the eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio, may reflect skeletal muscle mass and are associated with oral functional decline, particularly reduced tongue pressure. Comparative and longitudinal evidence further suggests an association between oral frailty and subsequent physical frailty, while OF-5 may help identify individuals at risk of functional decline. Because oral and physical frailty may influence each other bidirectionally, management should extend beyond screening to include appropriate oral care, nutritional support, physical exercise, and medical evaluation. Integrating simple oral frailty screening with objective systemic indicators may facilitate earlier identification of vulnerable individuals and strengthen medical-dental collaboration aimed at preventing frailty progression.

PMID 42930016
阅读全文 →
PubMedDentistry journal2026-10-26

Artificial Intelligence-Based Evaluation of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Using Photographic and Clinical Data: A Retrospective Exploratory Diagnostic Accuracy Study.

De Falco Domenico D, Pinto Fabiana F, Lucchese Alberta A, Petruzzi Massimo M

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of GPT-5.2 Thinking in identifying oral potentially malignant disorders within a patient sample that also included oral carcinomas and other oral cavity lesions, using intraoral photographs and associated clinical data. Methods: This retrospective exploratory diagnostic accuracy study included 103 oral lesions: 69 oral potentially malignant disorders, 25 oral carcinomas, and 9 other oral pathologies. Each case was assessed in three independent sessions, and the majority diagnosis was compared with the final clinical and/or histopathological reference diagnosis. Results: For oral potentially malignant disorders, sensitivity was 92.75%, specificity was 88.24%, accuracy was 91.26%, positive predictive value was 94.12%, negative predictive value was 85.71%, and Cohen's kappa was 0.804. Sensitivity was 81.82% for homogeneous leukoplakia, 78.57% for non-homogeneous leukoplakia, and 86.36% for oral lichen planus. For oral carcinomas, sensitivity was 84.00%, specificity was 97.44%, accuracy was 94.17%, positive predictive value was 91.30%, negative predictive value was 95.00%, and Cohen's kappa was 0.837. Conclusions: GPT-5.2 Thinking showed promising diagnostic performance in this exploratory case-enriched dataset, but predictive values require validation in representative clinical populations.

PMID 42930423
阅读全文 →
PubMedDentistry journal2026-10-26

Evaluation of Oral Health in Early Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Catros Sylvain S, Samot Johan J, Chuy Virginie V, Tron Eléonore E et al.

Background/Objectives: Oral health may be affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) through mechanisms including uremic toxin accumulation, immune dysregulation, and treatment-related factors, although these relationships remain poorly understood. This study aimed to describe oral health according to CKD stages (2-5) and to explore its association with disease progression, as well as one-year changes in oral, renal, and inflammatory parameters and oral health-related quality of life. Methods: The NephroDent study is a prospective cohort study including patients with non-dialysis CKD stages 2 to 5. Oral, clinical, and biological parameters and quality of life were assessed at baseline and after one year. Baseline characteristics were compared across CKD stages, and changes were analyzed according to self-reported dental care. Results: Eighty-seven patients were included. Oral health impairment was observed across all CKD stages, including stages 2 and 3, with substantial periodontal treatment needs and periodontal pockets ≥ 6 mm. Dental and periodontal parameters varied across stages, with some indicators showing numerically poorer values in stages 4-5, but no significant differences were observed between CKD stages. Over one year, changes in oral health indices, renal function (eGFR), inflammatory markers, and quality of life did not differ significantly according to dental care. Conclusions: Oral health impairment was observed across all CKD stages, including early disease, despite preserved quality of life. No significant short-term association was found between dental care and changes in oral or systemic parameters. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of oral health in CKD progression.

PMID 42930412
阅读全文 →
PubMedDentistry journal2026-10-26

The Adverse Effects of Electronic Cigarettes on Oral Health: Where Do We Stand?

Rouabhia Mahmoud M

Background/Objectives. Electronic cigarettes allow smokers to consume nicotine, a highly addictive substance, without burning tobacco. Since their commercialization in early 2004, electronic cigarettes have become popular in the Asian market and then worldwide. Initially conceived as an alternative to combustible smoking, they have gradually established themselves as a mass consumption product, raising both hopes for the reduction of the risks caused by burned cigarettes and concerns about their use among non-smokers, especially young people. Currently, because of their availability, accessibility to non-smokers, including young people, and their manageability, electronic cigarettes are causing more concern than hope among health professionals. This narrative review aimed to synthesize current evidence on the different chemical components generated by electronic cigarette devices and their effects on oral health. We specifically sought to (i) compile and discuss the available evidence regarding the effects of each chemical component in the e-cigarette aerosols on oral health outcomes, and (ii) feature the risks associated with e-cigarette use and how to ovoid/prevent them. Methods: We reviewed relevant English-language literature on electronic cigarette design, use, chemical generation, and adverse effects on oral health through targeted searches of PubMed, Elsevier, Oxford Academic, BioMed Central, MDPI, Scopus, and Google Scholar from 2008 to 2026. Evidence was narratively synthesized to shed light on different oral health concerns reported following electronic cigarette use. Results: This narrative review highlights several adverse effects of electronic cigarettes on oral health, including functional deregulation of the soft (tongue, gums, salivary glands) tissues, hard tissues (teeth, dental restorative materials), and the oral microbiota. These effects were attributed to the different chemicals generated when electronic cigarettes heat-vape e-liquids. These chemicals damage oral tissues/cells, leading to apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage that may lead to oral cancer. These effects may reduce oral cell growth and increase tissue inflammation, which may delay wound healing. The reviewed studies identified several limitations, including the need for additional investigations involving electronic cigarette use and long-term follow-up. Conclusions: The available in vitro and in vivo studies clearly show the potential harm of vaping on oral health. This review offers a good overview to electronic cigarette users, oral health professionals, and scientists about the potential oral harm effects of electronic cigarettes. The available studies suggest the need for oral health professionals' support in providing information and awareness about the harmful effects of electronic cigarettes. Thus, the health system and professional orders should develop information and awareness tools to help oral health professionals in their interventions with e-cigarette users.

PMID 42930418
阅读全文 →

注册免费账户还可查看另外 9996 篇文献

免费注册查看全部文献 →

了解更多epinastine