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diltiazem

✓ Approved

Ethypharm Corp. · CACNA1C · 小分子

什么是 diltiazem？

diltiazem 是一种小分子，由Ethypharm Corp.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

公司Ethypharm Corp.
药物类别小分子
分子靶点CACNA1C
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Ethypharm Corp.

作用机制

分子靶点

diltiazem 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

CACNA1Ccalcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C (CACNL1A1, CACNA1C-IT2)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

diltiazem 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Cardiac disordersAngina pectoris✓ Approved
Vascular disordersHypertension✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedRapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM2026-10-26

TIMS Techniques for Measuring Strontium Isotope Ratios in Apatite Grains and Application to Igneous Rock Petrology.

Neto Carla C, de Morisson Valeriano Claudio C, Paravidini Gabriel G, Bruno Henrique H et al.

This study evaluates the potential of Sr isotopic compositions in apatite grains from magmatic rocks as a proxy for initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios, addressing the need for alternative approaches to conventional whole-rock analyses in isotopic studies of granitoid systems. Chemical and spectrometric procedures were optimized and validated for the determination of Sr isotopic ratios in apatite by TIMS. Three representative samples from the Ribeira Orogen, Brazil, were selected, and apatite Sr isotopic compositions were compared with initial whole-rock 87Sr/86Sr ratios calculated from U-Pb zircon crystallization ages, whole-rock isotopic ratios, and Rb and Sr concentrations. The reliability of the analytical approach was evaluated using the EN-1 and Durango apatite reference materials. Apatite grains yielded Sr concentrations ranging from 80 to 950 μg g-1, with total Sr masses between 0.5 and 50 ng. Comparisons between apatite-derived and whole-rock initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios show isotopic variability below 0.05%, indicating high analytical precision. Validation results demonstrate consistent agreement between methods, with uncertainties within 0.5%. The proposed TIMS-based method for Sr isotope analysis in apatite grains provides a potential approach for investigating the initial Sr isotopic compositions of granitoid magmatic systems. This approach represents a cost-effective and time-efficient alternative to traditional whole-rock analyses, with strong potential for large-scale isotopic applications in orogenic terrains.

PMID 42928975
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PubMedStrabismus2026-10-26

A case of highly myopic strabismus with large exotropia after Yokoyama procedure.

Simpao Juan Lorenzo JL, Goseki Toshiaki T, Onouchi Hiromi H

Highly myopic strabismus (heavy eye syndrome) is characterized by superotemporal prolapse of the elongated globe, resulting in nasal displacement of the superior rectus (SR) muscle and inferior displacement of the lateral rectus (LR) muscle. This abnormal extraocular muscle configuration can result in restrictive esotropia, limitation of abduction, and progressive binocular diplopia. The Yokoyama procedure restores the extraocular muscle paths by uniting the SR and LR muscle bellies and generally provides excellent ocular alignment. Persistent postoperative exotropia is uncommon and its management has rarely been described. We report a case of persistent large-angle exotropia following an uncomplicated bilateral Yokoyama procedure despite satisfactory postoperative muscle repositioning on orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 72-year-old woman with high myopia and progressive horizontal diplopia underwent ophthalmologic and strabismus evaluation, including orbital MRI before and after bilateral Yokoyama procedures. Ocular alignment, axial length, and SR-LR displacement angles were assessed. Following development of persistent postoperative exotropia, the patient was observed for six months. Because the deviation did not improve spontaneously and postoperative MRI demonstrated satisfactory SR and LR repositioning, bilateral medial rectus (MR) plication was subsequently performed while preserving the SR-LR union. Preoperatively, the patient had 35 prism diopters (PD) of esotropia at distance with limitation of bilateral abduction and elevation. Axial lengths were 27.19 mm in the right eye and 26.91 mm in the left eye. Orbital MRI demonstrated nasal displacement of the SR and inferior displacement of the LR, with SR-LR displacement angles of 142° and 144°, respectively. Following bilateral Yokoyama procedures, approximately 55 PD of exotropia developed on the first postoperative day and persisted with little spontaneous improvement over three months. Repeat MRI demonstrated restoration of the normal SR-LR relationship, with displacement angles improving to 97° and 95°, confirming successful anatomical correction despite persistent exotropia. After six months of observation, bilateral 7-mm MR plication was performed. One month later, ocular alignment improved to near orthotropia, with resolution of diplopia and recovery of stereopsis. Persistent large-angle exotropia may occur despite successful anatomical correction following the Yokoyama procedure. Postoperative orbital MRI can help distinguish persistent muscle malposition from successful SR and LR repositioning. When satisfactory muscle positioning is confirmed and spontaneous improvement does not occur, preserving the SR-LR union and addressing the residual horizontal deviation with MR plication may provide an effective secondary surgical strategy. This case highlights the value of postoperative imaging in guiding management of unexpected overcorrection after the Yokoyama procedure.

PMID 42929265
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PubMedRevista espanola de enfermedades digestivas2026-10-26

Spontaneous complete regression of hepatocellular carcinoma with histopathological confirmation.

Jiménez González Laura L, Velasco Martínez Elena E, Jordán de la Fuente María M, Lillo Díez Jorge J et al.

Spontaneous regression (SR) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an exceptional phenomenon, with an estimated incidence of 0.4% (1,2). Although various mechanisms have been proposed, including tumor ischemia and immune activation, its pathogenesis remains uncertain. Most published cases lack histological confirmation of tumor disappearance and have insufficiently documented follow-up. We present a case of SR with histopathological confirmation of complete tumor necrosis following exploratory laparoscopy, suggesting a possible ischemic mechanism and highlighting the challenges in therapeutic decision-making and in assessing the indication for liver transplantation.

PMID 42929260
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PubMedDalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)2026-10-26

Unravelling average, local and magnetic structure in Sr-Sc-M-O oxides (M = Co, Fe) by neutron scattering.

Ceretti Monica M, Cuello Gabriel J GJ, Sheptyakov Denis D, Ritter Clemens C et al.

Oxygen-deficient Sr-Sc-M-O oxides (M = Fe, Co) were synthesized and characterized in cubic and brownmillerite forms, with the brownmillerite phase Sr2ScCoO5 reported here for the first time. The cubic phases, described as SrSc0.5M0.5O3-x, and the brownmillerite phases, Sr2ScMO5, exhibit different oxygen contents and distinct degrees of structural ordering. Neutron diffraction and pair distribution function analysis reveal short-range oxygen-vacancy and B-cation ordering at the local scale within the cubic structure. In contrast, the brownmillerite phases exhibit long-range oxygen-vacancy and cation ordering, adopting Imma and I2mb symmetries for Sr2ScFeO5 and Sr2ScCoO5, respectively. Magnetic measurements indicate weak antiferromagnetic interactions, with brownmillerite Sr2ScFeO5 showing only short-range magnetic correlations. In contrast, Sr2ScCoO5 exhibits long-range magnetic ordering at 1.5 K, with the Co magnetic moment aligned along the stacking axis. This represents the first observation of coexisting cation and three-dimensional magnetic ordering in this system, despite the large Co-Co distances of 7.63 Å. These findings highlight the role of oxygen content in driving structural ordering and underscore the need for a multiscale approach to understanding the complex structure-property relationships of oxygen-deficient perovskites.

PMID 42929422
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PubMedBiomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-26

Drag Reduction Mechanism of Bionic Riblets and Their Application on Centrifugal Fan Blades.

Yang Xiaopei X, Zuo Bin B, Xiao Qianhao Q

Bio-inspired riblet technology has progressed in recent years in suppressing near-wall flow separation and reducing drag. However, significant benefits are obtained only when the riblet geometry matches the local flow conditions. Further study is still required before riblets can be reliably applied to low-speed fan blades, whose flow fields are inherently complex. In the present work, large eddy simulation (LES) is used to examine how riblets oriented perpendicular to the flow direction influence the aerodynamic performance and flow characteristics of an airfoil typical of low-speed turbomachinery. Riblets with various groove widths and heights are designed, and the effect of their placement along the airfoil suction surface (SS) is also investigated. The friction coefficient, pressure coefficient, and near-wall velocity distributions of the different configurations are compared. Based on the friction coefficient, the airfoil SS can be divided into three regions: a rapidly decreasing region (RDR) near the leading edge, a stable region (SR) in the middle, and a fluctuating region (FR) at the trailing edge. It is found that riblets of different sizes placed within the RDR can suppress vortex development and improve the near-wall flow. As a result, the RDR exhibits better adaptability to riblet parameters than the SR and FR. Motivated by these findings, riblets were applied to the blades of a backward centrifugal fan, specifically within the blade RDR, with a uniform width and height of 0.5 mm. Fan test results demonstrate that riblets covering 10-20% of the blade camber line increase the fan efficiency by 4.5% and the total pressure by 4.2%, respectively. The aerodynamic performance of the fan under low-flow conditions is markedly improved.

PMID 42930246
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PubMedCardiovascular research2026-10-26

NOR-1 is an upstream regulator of Ca2+ homeostasis and calmodulin kinase II-dependent arrhythmogenesis.

Vázquez-Sufuentes Paula P, Jiménez-Sábado Verónica V, Ballester-Servera Carme C, Casabella-Ramón Sergi S et al.

Dysregulation of NOR-1 has been reported in cardiovascular diseases associated with altered calcium handling. We therefore investigated how NOR-1 affects calcium homeostasis and arrhythmogenesis to identify the underlying mechanisms. We assessed the expression of NOR-1 and calcium regulatory proteins in myocardial samples from humans and mice that overexpress human NOR-1 in the heart (TgNOR-1). Gene promoter activity was determined by transient co-transfection assays. Calcium imaging, patch-clamp recordings and immunofluorescent labeling was performed in mouse cardiomyocytes. Experimental data were used for mathematical modeling. Arrhythmias were induced in vivo by an epinephrine/caffeine challenge. In human cardiac samples, mRNA levels of genes coding for SERCA2a, CASQ2, TN-C1 and PLB correlated with those of NOR-1, while TgNOR-1 mice exhibited higher cardiac levels of these calcium regulatory proteins than wild-type animals (WT). NOR-1 increased luciferase activity driven by the proximal promoter of both human and mouse genes. Calcium transients were smaller in TgNOR-1 cardiomyocytes while L-type calcium current and SR calcium content were unchanged. Mathematical modeling revealed that more calcium binds to CASQ2 and is released from the SR in TgNOR-1 cardiomyocytes, but the resulting calcium transient is smaller because more calcium is buffered by TN-C1. Furthermore, NOR-1 transgenesis increased the level of reactive oxygen species and CAMKII oxidation, as well as RyR2 phosphorylation at Ser-2814, which led to a higher incidence of calcium waves and afterdepolarizations in resting TgNOR-1 cardiomyocytes. In electrically paced myocytes, NOR-1 transgenesis promoted extra-transients at low frequencies and calcium alternans at high frequencies. Importantly, these derangements in intracellular calcium handling concurred with a dramatic increase in epinephrine/caffeine-induced bidirectional ventricular tachycardia in TgNOR-1 mice. Moreover, the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine and the CAMKII inhibitor KN-93 attenuated arrythmia in TgNOR-1 mice and arrhythmogenic calcium release in isolated myocytes. Our findings highlight NOR-1 as an upstream regulator of CAMKII-oxidation underlying arrhythmia induced by defective calcium homeostasis, pointing to therapies targeting CAMKII as a means to attenuate arrhythmia triggered by pathological upregulation of NOR-1.

PMID 42929040
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