Lanzhou Institute · 疫苗 · 疫苗
trivalent rotavirus gene reassortment oral vaccine 是一种疫苗，由Lanzhou Institute研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。
| 公司 | Lanzhou Institute |
| 药物类别 | 疫苗 |
| 给药途径 | Oral (PO) |
| 状态 | Approved |
trivalent rotavirus gene reassortment oral vaccine 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。
| 治疗领域 | 疾病/病症 | 分期 |
|---|---|---|
| Infections and infestations | Gastroenteritis | ✓ Approved |
| Infections and infestations | Rotavirus infection | ✓ Approved |
Adding the mRNA-based individualized neoantigen vaccine intismeran autogene to the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab following surgery for melanoma reduced the risk of disease recurrence or death by 42%, according to the results of the phase III INTerpath-0001 trial. The data were presented at the ESMO Congress 2026, held October 23-27, in Madrid, Spain.
Bello Muhammad Bashir MB, Hameed Sodiq A SA, Abdullahi Adama Musa AM, Lawal Nafi'u N et al.
Kusunoki Hiroshi H, Shinmura Ken K, Shimizu Hideo H
Oral frailty is an emerging geriatric syndrome characterized by subtle and multifactorial declines in oral function that may precede clinically apparent oral dysfunction. Increasing evidence suggests that oral frailty is closely associated with physical frailty, sarcopenia, malnutrition, and other indicators of systemic vulnerability, highlighting its potential role in the early detection of functional decline. However, practical approaches to early detection and intervention remain challenging because conventional assessments of oral function often require specialized equipment and professional expertise. This review summarizes recent advances in the assessment, clinical significance, and management of oral frailty, with particular emphasis on practical screening and its implications for early intervention. We discuss the utility and limitations of questionnaire-based screening tools, including the Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8) and Oral frailty five-item checklist (OF-5), which enable simple identification of individuals at increased risk in community and clinical settings. We also introduce findings from the FESTA study indicating that cystatin C-related indices, including the creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio and the eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio, may reflect skeletal muscle mass and are associated with oral functional decline, particularly reduced tongue pressure. Comparative and longitudinal evidence further suggests an association between oral frailty and subsequent physical frailty, while OF-5 may help identify individuals at risk of functional decline. Because oral and physical frailty may influence each other bidirectionally, management should extend beyond screening to include appropriate oral care, nutritional support, physical exercise, and medical evaluation. Integrating simple oral frailty screening with objective systemic indicators may facilitate earlier identification of vulnerable individuals and strengthen medical-dental collaboration aimed at preventing frailty progression.
De Falco Domenico D, Pinto Fabiana F, Lucchese Alberta A, Petruzzi Massimo M
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of GPT-5.2 Thinking in identifying oral potentially malignant disorders within a patient sample that also included oral carcinomas and other oral cavity lesions, using intraoral photographs and associated clinical data. Methods: This retrospective exploratory diagnostic accuracy study included 103 oral lesions: 69 oral potentially malignant disorders, 25 oral carcinomas, and 9 other oral pathologies. Each case was assessed in three independent sessions, and the majority diagnosis was compared with the final clinical and/or histopathological reference diagnosis. Results: For oral potentially malignant disorders, sensitivity was 92.75%, specificity was 88.24%, accuracy was 91.26%, positive predictive value was 94.12%, negative predictive value was 85.71%, and Cohen's kappa was 0.804. Sensitivity was 81.82% for homogeneous leukoplakia, 78.57% for non-homogeneous leukoplakia, and 86.36% for oral lichen planus. For oral carcinomas, sensitivity was 84.00%, specificity was 97.44%, accuracy was 94.17%, positive predictive value was 91.30%, negative predictive value was 95.00%, and Cohen's kappa was 0.837. Conclusions: GPT-5.2 Thinking showed promising diagnostic performance in this exploratory case-enriched dataset, but predictive values require validation in representative clinical populations.
Catros Sylvain S, Samot Johan J, Chuy Virginie V, Tron Eléonore E et al.
Background/Objectives: Oral health may be affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) through mechanisms including uremic toxin accumulation, immune dysregulation, and treatment-related factors, although these relationships remain poorly understood. This study aimed to describe oral health according to CKD stages (2-5) and to explore its association with disease progression, as well as one-year changes in oral, renal, and inflammatory parameters and oral health-related quality of life. Methods: The NephroDent study is a prospective cohort study including patients with non-dialysis CKD stages 2 to 5. Oral, clinical, and biological parameters and quality of life were assessed at baseline and after one year. Baseline characteristics were compared across CKD stages, and changes were analyzed according to self-reported dental care. Results: Eighty-seven patients were included. Oral health impairment was observed across all CKD stages, including stages 2 and 3, with substantial periodontal treatment needs and periodontal pockets ≥ 6 mm. Dental and periodontal parameters varied across stages, with some indicators showing numerically poorer values in stages 4-5, but no significant differences were observed between CKD stages. Over one year, changes in oral health indices, renal function (eGFR), inflammatory markers, and quality of life did not differ significantly according to dental care. Conclusions: Oral health impairment was observed across all CKD stages, including early disease, despite preserved quality of life. No significant short-term association was found between dental care and changes in oral or systemic parameters. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of oral health in CKD progression.
Gatyeni Siphokazi Princess SP
Epidemic meningococcal meningitis in the African meningitis belt recurs on two timescales: a sharp annual dry-season peak and irregular multi-annual epidemics five to twelve years apart, whose mechanistic origin remains unsettled. Invasive disease is a rare, dead-end outcome of asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage, so susceptible-infectious templates misrepresent community transmission. We ask how carriage structure shapes bifurcation, seasonal recurrence, and the reach of conjugate-vaccine strategies. We formulate a deterministic carriage-structured model in which only carriers transmit, immunity against re-acquisition is leaky, and a conjugate vaccine is imperfect and wanes. We use the Castillo-Chavez-Song centre manifold method, numerical continuation, Floquet and eigenvalue analysis, and scenario simulations of abstract rate- and pulse-type interventions parameterised from published belt ranges. The basic reproduction number R0 is a property of carriage transmission, decoupled to first order from disease incidence. Backward bifurcation at R0=1 is governed by a threshold ε∗ on carriage-blocking immunity; only the untreated fatality hazard and treatment capacity are absent from the local condition. It is impossible without vaccination and, with any positive routine coverage, persists across the plausible coverage range, giving vaccine-induced bistability. Continuation confirms a fold at R0,c≈0.946 (φ=0.12yr-1, weak carriage immunity), but not at baseline immunity. Under seasonal forcing, dynamics converge to a simple annual cycle throughout the region searched; we found no multi-annual recurrence, although damped eigenmodes of the unforced system have periods overlapping the observed interval. Within this deterministic, single-strain model, irregular recurrence likely requires additional structure, with stochastic amplification of damped cycles a natural next step. Whether sustained immunisation eliminates epidemics or merely postpones them may depend on the same carriage-efficacy threshold that governs the bistability result.
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