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pasireotide (Signifor LAR / pasireotide, LAR / pasireotide LAR)

✓ Approved

Novartis AG · SSTR1 · 小分子

什么是 pasireotide？

pasireotide 是一种小分子，由Novartis AG研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

商品名Signifor LAR, pasireotide, LAR, pasireotide LAR
公司Novartis AG
药物类别小分子, 多肽类
分子靶点SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, SSTR5
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection, Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Novartis AG

作用机制

分子靶点

pasireotide 作用于 4 个分子靶点：

SSTR1somatostatin receptor 1 (SS-1-R, SS1-R)
SSTR2somatostatin receptor 2 (SST2)
SSTR3somatostatin receptor 3 (SST3, SS3R)
SSTR5somatostatin receptor 5 (SST5, SS-5-R)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

pasireotide 针对 11 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Endocrine disordersAcromegaly✓ Approved
Endocrine disordersPituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome✓ Approved
Endocrine disordersCarcinoid syndromePhase III
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Colon cancer recurrentPhase III
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Pituitary tumour benignPhase II

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相关研究文献

PubMedCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.)2026-10-26

Lactate Dehydrogenase-to-Albumin Ratio and Glasgow Prognostic Score as Prognostic Markers in Metastatic Breast Cancer Treated with CDK4/6 Inhibitors.

Sahin Hafizoglu Ece E, Ekinci Ferhat F, Sahbazlar Mustafa M, Erdogan Atike Pinar AP

Background: CDK4/6 inhibitors with endocrine therapy are standard first-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, yet simple pretreatment prognostic markers are lacking. The LDH-to-albumin ratio (LAR) and the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) both incorporate serum albumin and are each reported as prognostic, but have not been compared within a single cohort, and LAR has not been examined during CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy. This study evaluated both indices in this setting. Methods: Consecutive patients (n = 139) receiving palbociclib or ribociclib plus endocrine therapy (2020-2025) were analysed retrospectively. LAR was modelled continuously on the logarithmic scale, with hazard ratios per doubling; an external cut-off (46.27) served for Kaplan-Meier illustration only. GPS was calculated in its original form. As both contain albumin, each entered a separate multivariable Cox model with identical covariates. Endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Over a median follow-up of 50.0 months, 72 deaths and 110 progression events occurred. LAR was independently associated with OS (adjusted HR 2.87 per doubling, 95% CI 1.78-4.62, p < 0.001) and PFS (2.21, 1.45-3.35, p < 0.001). GPS was independently associated with OS (1.72, 1.05-2.82, p = 0.032) but not PFS (1.32, 0.88-1.98, p = 0.187). LAR-based models had lower Akaike information criterion values (ΔAIC 12.3 and 10.9), but concordance did not differ significantly between the indices (ΔC ≈ 0.04, p > 0.20). Conclusions: Baseline LAR, an inexpensive routine index, was associated with both endpoints, whereas GPS was associated with overall survival alone. Discrimination was modest for both indices (C-index ≤ 0.61) and did not differ significantly between them. External validation is required.

PMID 42930149
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PubMedClinics and practice2026-10-26

Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers Associated with Chronic Subdural Hematoma Recurrence: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Ertuğrul Bilal B, Kömürcü Harun H

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) recurs in 5-20% of patients despite surgical treatment, and readily accessible biomarkers associated with recurrence remain limited. This study evaluated perioperative hematological, biochemical, and metabolic biomarkers associated with CSDH recurrence, focusing on preoperative lactate and the lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR). Methods: This retrospective single-center cohort study included 163 adults who underwent burr-hole evacuation for CSDH between January 2021 and December 2025. All patients underwent saline irrigation without placement of a postoperative subdural drain, in accordance with the institutional surgical protocol. Clinical, radiological, laboratory, and perioperative arterial blood gas data were analyzed. Recurrence was defined as symptomatic re-expansion requiring repeat surgery within six months. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess discrimination and associations with recurrence. Results: Postoperative recurrence occurred in 22 patients (13.5%). Recurrence was associated with higher preoperative lactate, LAR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammation index, as well as lower serum albumin. LAR showed moderate discrimination (AUC 0.758, 95% CI 0.652-0.864), while lactate had an AUC of 0.744. Increased LAR (OR 1.42 per 0.1-unit increase, 95% CI 1.15-1.76; p = 0.001), bilateral hematoma (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.08-7.84; p = 0.035), and mixed-density hematoma (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.01-6.89; p = 0.047) were independently associated with recurrence in the fitted model. The age × lactate interaction did not reach conventional statistical significance (p = 0.058) and was considered exploratory. Conclusions: Higher preoperative LAR was associated with CSDH recurrence and showed moderate discriminative performance in this cohort. These findings are exploratory and require independent validation before LAR or the combined model can be considered for clinical risk prediction.

PMID 42930378
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PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-10-24

Association of the lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio with all-cause and non-relapse mortality in patients with aGVHD after allogeneic HSCT: a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Li Gangping G, Zhang Di D, Yuan Fangfang F, Li Minghui M et al.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) remains a leading cause of non-relapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio (LAR), integrating metabolic stress and nutritional reserve, has demonstrated prognostic value across malignancies but has not been investigated in aGVHD. We evaluated the association between LAR measured at aGVHD diagnosis and both all-cause mortality (ACM) and non-relapse mortality (NRM). This retrospective cohort study enrolled 109 consecutive allo-HSCT recipients who developed aGVHD at Henan Cancer Hospital (2019-2024). Patients were stratified by LAR tertiles (T1:4.37-8.84;T2:8.84-16.02;T3:16.02-178.02).Natural-log-transformed LAR (ln-LAR) was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models with three hierarchical adjustments: Model 1 (age, sex), Model 2 (+transplantation covariates), and Model 3 (+post-transplant clinical covariates). Restricted cubic spline regression and two-piecewise threshold analyses characterized dose-response relationships. Subgroup, interaction, and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness. Over a median follow-up of 30 months, 69 ACM (63.3%) and 66 NRM (60.6%) events occurred among 109 patients (mean age 29.4 ± 15.3 years, 62.4% male; 51 grade I-II, 58 grade III-IV aGVHD). Continuous ln-LAR independently predicted ACM (Model 3: HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.07-2.77, P = 0.024) and NRM (Model 3: HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.03-2.77, P = 0.038). The highest tertile (T3) conferred approximately three-fold higher risk versus T1 (ACM: HR 2.96, 95% CI 1.27-6.90, P = 0.012; NRM: HR 3.25, 95% CI 1.36-7.74, P = 0.008). RCS demonstrated nonlinear inverted-L patterns (nonlinearity P = 0.006 for ACM, P = 0.009 for NRM) with threshold effects at LAR≈53 and ≈19, respectively. Subgroup and interaction analyses revealed no significant modifiers (all P for interaction >0.05), and sensitivity analyses excluding early deaths yielded consistent results with amplified effect sizes. Elevated LAR at aGVHD diagnosis was independently associated with higher all-cause and non-relapse mortality in this cohort. These findings are hypothesis-generating; the clinical utility of LAR requires external validation in independent cohorts.

PMID 42920470
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PubMedMiddle East journal of digestive diseases2026-10-22

A Comparison of Transanal Drainage Tube and Diverting Ileostomy Following Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer.

Jahanbakhsh Masih M, Alhurry Ahmed Mohammed Ali Hussein AMAH, Shojaei-Zarghani Sara S, Tadayon Seyed Mohammad Kazem SMK et al.

Diverting ileostomy (DS) and transanal drainage tube (TDT) are two common strategies to protect the anastomosis after low anterior resection (LAR). This study aimed to compare outcomes between patients receiving either a DS or a TDT following LAR. In this retrospective cohort study, we included eligible patients with rectal cancer who underwent LAR between March 2021 and February 2025 at our centers and had no history of neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Hospital length of stay, as a short-term outcome, and long-term outcomes--including low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score and quality of life (QoL)-were compared between the DS and TDT groups. Among 74 eligible patients (52.7% men), 24 were in the TDT group and 50 in the DS group. Compared with the DS group, the TDT group had a significantly shorter hospital stay (P<0.001) and a better LARS score (P=0.004). Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex revealed that DS was independently associated with increased odds of LARS (OR=4.92, 95% CI: 1.51-16.09). There were no significant differences between the groups regarding most QoL domains. For patients undergoing LAR for rectal cancer without neoadjuvant radiotherapy, TDT placement was associated with a shorter hospital stay and better long-term bowel function.

PMID 42903260
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PubMedInternational journal of colorectal disease2026-10-22

Technical overview and clinical outcomes of transabdominal strategies to eliminate or neutralize staple-line intersection during low anterior resection: a systematic review.

Annicchiarico Alfredo A, Gravante Gianpiero G, Melcarne Rossella R, Vincenti Leonardo L et al.

To systematically classify and describe transabdominal surgical techniques designed to eliminate or neutralize staple-line intersection during low anterior resection (LAR), and to summarize their reported clinical outcomes. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261368367). Major databases were searched for studies describing transabdominal techniques aimed at eliminating or neutralizing staple-line intersection in colorectal anastomosis during LAR. Both modified double-stapling techniques (mDST) and abdominal single-stapled techniques (aSST) were included. Outcomes of interest included anastomotic leak (AL), use of protective stoma, and perioperative variables. Reported outcomes were descriptively summarized, and exploratory aggregated analyses were performed when appropriate. Seventeen studies (998 patients) were included. Ten studies (529 patients) evaluated mDST (suture-based: n = 192; invagination-based: n = 337), while seven studies (469 patients) assessed aSST. Reported AL rates remained low across both mDST subgroups (3.1% suture-based vs 3.9% invagination-based), with an aggregated rate of 3.6%. The aSST group showed a leak rate of 6.0%. Protective stomas were used in 6.2% of mDST and 33.1% of aSST. Neoadjuvant therapy was used in 20.7% of aSST and 11.9% of mDST. Considerable heterogeneity in study design, technique, and outcome reporting was observed. Transabdominal techniques that eliminate or neutralize staple-line intersection appear feasible and associated with low anastomotic leak rates. Modified DST techniques appear technically feasible and have been associated with low reported leak rates. However, owing to the heterogeneity of the available evidence, comparative findings should be considered exploratory.

PMID 42905205
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PubMedThe Journal of the Association of Physicians of India2026-10-22

Updates in Rhinitis: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances.

Darji Bhagyesh Lalitchandra BL

Rhinitis is a common inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa. It significantly impacts a person's health and quality of life. Traditionally, it is categorized as allergic rhinitis (AR) or nonallergic rhinitis (NAR). Recent advancements have led to a more nuanced understanding of its pathophysiology, classification, and management. This review emphasizes key updates over the last decade. The focus is on evolving concepts in phenotyping and endotyping, novel insights into disease mechanisms, advancements in diagnosis, and emerging therapeutic strategies, including biologics and targeted nerve interventions. The recognition of local allergic rhinitis (LAR), the role of innate immunity and epithelial barrier dysfunction, and the increasing array of precision medicine options underscore a paradigm shift toward personalized management. Despite these newer advances, challenges remain in fully characterizing NAR and optimizing therapeutic guidelines. This review aims to provide an overview of these transformative developments, guiding clinicians and researchers toward more effective and tailored approaches to treat rhinitis.

PMID 42902673
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