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yellow fever vaccine (Arilvax)

✓ Approved

Novartis AG · 疫苗 · 疫苗

什么是 yellow fever vaccine？

yellow fever vaccine 是一种疫苗，由Novartis AG研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

商品名Arilvax
公司Novartis AG
药物类别疫苗, 大分子
给药途径Injectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Novartis AG

治疗适应症

yellow fever vaccine 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsYellow fever✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Yellow Fever Vaccination in an Individual with Confirmed Egg Protein Allergy: A Case Report.

Otte Nelly N, Kahaki Amir Maleki AM, Wurpts Gerda G, Kraus Thomas T et al.

Yellow fever vaccination is recommended for travelers visiting endemic regions in South America and Africa. The live-attenuated vaccine (Stamaril®, Sanofi Pasteur) is produced in embryonated chicken eggs and contains residual ovalbumin, posing a challenge for individuals with egg protein allergy. We report the case of a 35-year-old male disaster relief worker with confirmed egg protein allergy and moderate sensitization but no history of anaphylaxis. Under normal circumstances, a statement confirming that vaccination is not possible would be sufficient for entry. However, due to his work-related duties and the relevant guidelines from his employer, there was an urgent need for vaccination despite his egg protein allergy. A comprehensive allergy work-up including skin prick testing, serum-specific IgE, and oral provocation testing revealed a moderate allergy without systemic reactions. Following informed consent and risk assessment, a fractional dose (0.1 mL) of the reconstituted yellow fever vaccine was administered under close monitoring. The patient developed a localized dermal reaction without systemic symptoms. Post-vaccination neutralization testing confirmed seroconversion indicating protective immunity. Although yellow fever vaccination is considered contraindicated in individuals with severe egg protein allergy, the literature supports its cautious use in selected cases. Fractional dosing has emerged as an effective dose-sparing strategy. Studies show that even in egg protein-allergic individuals, adverse events are rare. In this case, a fractional yellow fever vaccination was safe and an effective option for an egg-allergic individual in a high-risk occupational setting, supporting a personalized approach based on clinical risk assessment and current evidence.

PMID 42506643
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Evaluation of Safety, Immunogenicity, and Protective Efficacy of an Orally Administered African Swine Fever Vaccine Candidate ASFV-G-∆I177L/∆LVR.

Kim Yeonji Y, Choi Sun A SA, Kim Wonjun W, Shin Yongwoo Y et al.

Background/Objective: African swine fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious viral disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boars, causing severe economic losses. Although commercial ASF vaccines have recently been approved in Vietnam, controlling ASF transmission remains challenging. Since injection-based vaccination is impractical for wild boars, oral vaccination is considered essential. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, protective efficacy, and dose-related outcomes of ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR, a live attenuated ASFV vaccine candidate with deletion in the I177L gene and left variable region (LVR), administered orally to convention pigs. Methods: The ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR vaccine candidate was orally administered to conventional pigs at three dose levels (102.25, 105.0, and 106.0 TCID50/dose). At 28 days post-vaccination, pigs were challenged intramuscularly with a virulent ASFV field strain at 102.0 HAD50/mL and monitored clinically. Protection was assessed by ASFV-specific antibody responses (p32) and survival following challenge. Results: Oral immunization was well tolerated, with no vaccine-associated clinical signs observed before challenge. Following challenge, vaccinated pigs showed different protective outcomes among the tested dose groups, with survival rates of 1/4 (102.25 TCID50/dose), 4/4 (105.0 TCID50/dose), and 3/4 (106.0 TCID50/dose), respectively. Pigs that succumbed to infection showed neither detectable viremia nor ASFV-specific antibodies before challenge, suggesting incomplete vaccine uptake may have resulted in insufficient immune induction rather than an adverse effect associated with vaccination. In contrast, pigs that seroconverted prior to challenge were fully protected and exhibited lower viral loads than the control animals. Conclusions: ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR was well tolerated as an oral live attenuated vaccine candidate and induced protective immunity against virulent ASFV challenge under the present experimental conditions. Notably, complete protection was observed in the 105.0 TCID50/dose group, supporting the potential of this vaccine candidate for oral immunization strategies against ASF. However, the present data do not allow a definitive conclusion regarding the dose-response relationship, and further studies with larger group sizes and field-relevant models are needed to refine dose selection and practical applicability, particularly for wild boar vaccination.

PMID 42506646
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Real-World Safety of Concurrent Measles-Mumps-Rubella and Varicella Vaccination in Korean Infants: A Multicenter Self-Controlled Case Series Study.

Choi Sujin S, Ahn Bin B, Lee Yeonjoo Y, Kim Gwanglok G et al.

Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and varicella vaccines are often co-administered to optimize coverage, yet safety concerns regarding febrile convulsions persist. In South Korea, MMR and varicella vaccines are administered as separate injections during a single visit (MMR + V). This study evaluated the real-world safety of concurrent MMR + V vaccination, focusing on the domestically implemented MAV/06 and Oka-derived strains. We conducted a multicenter self-controlled case series (SCCS) study of children aged 12-23 months who received MMR + V and hepatitis A vaccine (HAV) between 2015 and 2024. Using electronic health records, we identified predefined adverse events (AEs), including fever and healthcare visits. Adjusted relative risks (aRRs) were estimated using conditional Poisson regression. Among 3035 children (52.3% male; median age, 12 months), 71.7% received the MAV/06 varicella strain. A distinct peak in AEs occurred 7-13 days after MMR + V administration, with fever showing the greatest increase (aRR, 4.27; 95% CI, 2.76-6.60). The risks of total sick visits (aRR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.70-2.71) and acute care visits (aRR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.46-3.10) were similarly confined to this interval and returned to baseline thereafter. Febrile convulsions were uncommon (aRR, 5.37; 95% CI, 1.20-24.01). No excess risks were observed during the HAV or overlap periods, and no synergistic effects of intensive multi-vaccine administration were detected. Concurrent administration of MMR and varicella vaccines in Korean infants-predominantly using the MAV/06 strain-was associated only with expected, transient increases in fever during days 7-13 postvaccination. No serious or sustained safety signals were identified, supporting the continued use of Korea's separate-injection MMR + V strategy.

PMID 42506590
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

A Repeated and Delayed Homologous Challenge Study Evaluating the Durability of Protection Induced by the Live Attenuated ASF Vaccine Candidate ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR.

Zheng Xinghua X, Kim Yeonji Y, Choi Sun A SA, Lee Su Jin SJ et al.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal disease of domestic pigs and wild suids that continues to cause substantial economic losses worldwide. Despite recent progress in live attenuated ASF vaccine development, evidence supporting durable protection under repeated exposure conditions representative of endemic settings remains limited. Here, we assessed the long-term safety and protective efficacy of a live attenuated ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR vaccine using a repeated-challenge experimental design intended to model re-exposure in ASF-endemic regions. Vaccinated pigs were subjected to homologous virulent ASF virus challenges at multiple intervals, including repeated challenges (three sequential inoculations) and single challenges administered at 8 and 12 weeks post-vaccination. Across all challenge regimens, vaccinated animals survived and remained clinically healthy, including those receiving three challenges, supporting sustained protection under repeated exposure pressure. Animals challenged at 8 or 12 weeks post-vaccination likewise exhibited complete survival, indicating maintained efficacy through at least 12 weeks. No vaccine-associated adverse clinical outcomes were detected over the study period, and post-challenge viral shedding was minimal. Overall, these data demonstrate that the candidate live attenuated ASF vaccine provides excellent protective efficacy and confers sustained protection against homologous ASF virus infection. This result is expected to be equally applicable under repeated exposure conditions in regions with unstable ASF biosecurity, making it a sufficiently promising model experiment for field application in ASF epidemic areas. However, this is still a vaccine variant, and further studies are planned to evaluate its genomic stability and transmissibility.

PMID 42506598
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PubMedClinics in dermatology2026-07-27

Yellow Nail Syndrome.

Wetstone Rachel A RA, Sloan Brett B

Yellow nail syndrome (YNS) is a rare disorder defined by the triad of yellow nail discoloration, lymphedema, and respiratory tract disease. Only two of the three signs should be present to diagnose YNS; however, this can be challenging as patients often do not exhibit all three signs concurrently. The association between YNS and malignancy has led to the hypothesis that YNS may be paraneoplastic. Treatment may include oral vitamin E for nail discoloration, serial thoracenteses for pleural effusions, and compression garments along with bandaging for lymphedema.

PMID 42503338
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Untangling the Roots of HPV Vaccine Acceptance in West Virginia: How Hesitancy and Misinformation Shape Parental Decisions.

Guidry Jeanine P D JPD, Laestadius Linnea I LI, Engbersen-Severijns Yil Y, Miller Carrie A CA et al.

West Virginia is of particular concern regarding HPV vaccine hesitancy, currently ranking 45th among U.S. states in HPV vaccine uptake. General vaccine hesitancy and HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation, both associated with lower vaccination, have increased in recent years, complicating efforts to identify key drivers of HPV vaccine acceptance and effective intervention targets. This study used a Qualtrics survey of n = 330 parents of children aged 0-14 in West Virginia. Measures included parental HPV vaccine acceptance for their youngest child (reflecting either completed vaccination or intention to vaccinate), general vaccine hesitancy measured using the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS), and endorsement of nine common HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation statements. Misinformation items were summed and demonstrated good internal reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.868). Hierarchical logistic regression analyses indicated significant racial/ethnic differences across all model steps, with non-White parents less likely to report HPV vaccine acceptance for their child (p < 0.001). In Step 2, lower levels of general vaccine hesitancy predicted higher HPV vaccine acceptance (p < 0.001). In the final model, higher endorsement of HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation was associated with lower HPV vaccine acceptance (p = 0.035). These findings underscore the independent and additive influence of general vaccine hesitancy and HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation on parental HPV vaccine acceptance in West Virginia. Community-engaged public health strategies should prioritize strengthening vaccine confidence and directly addressing HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation, particularly among underserved populations.

PMID 42506645
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