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hydroxyprogesterone caproate (Makena SQ / 17P / Makena)

✓ Approved

Lumara Health · PGR

什么是 hydroxyprogesterone caproate？

hydroxyprogesterone caproate 是一种治疗药物，由Lumara Health研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

商品名Makena SQ, 17P, Makena
公司Lumara Health
分子靶点PGR
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection, Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Lumara Health

作用机制

分子靶点

hydroxyprogesterone caproate 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

PGRprogesterone receptor (NR3C3, PR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

hydroxyprogesterone caproate 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditionsPremature labour✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedInternational journal of biological macromolecules2026-10-25

Biochemical and structural characterization of a cold-active Psychrobacter nivimaris esterase and its catalytically enhanced mutants.

Lee Juno J, Jeon Ye Won YW, Kim Hyung Kwoun HK

Cold-active enzymes from Antarctic microorganisms are highly valuable for low-temperature industrial processes, yet the enzymatic capabilities of the bacterium Psychrobacter nivimaris remain largely unexplored. This study identifies a novel cold-active esterase, EstPN8, from P. nivimaris and engineers it for improved performance. EstPN8, with a molecular weight of 25.8 kDa in its recombinant form, exhibits a low activation energy (Ea) of 4.70 kcal/mol and retains at least 40% of its maximum activity at 10 °C. Its optimal activity occurs at 50 °C and pH 9.0, with a strong preference for p-nitrophenyl caproate (C6) and halotolerance up to 1.0 M NaCl. To enhance efficiency, a quadruple variant, F1 (D35A/P174D/M142L/Q205F), was developed, resulting in a 3.9- and 4.8-fold increase in catalytic efficiency at 10 °C and 40 °C, respectively. Notably, F1 retained cold-active characteristics of EstPN8 while exhibiting enhanced thermostability at 50 °C. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the intrinsic catalytic plasticity of the EstPN8 scaffold, while substrate analogue-induced dimerization suggested a potential mechanism by which transient intermolecular association provides structural confinement for substrate retention. These findings provide structural insights into the molecular basis of cold-activity in EstPN8 and support its potential as a high-performance biocatalyst for sustainable low-temperature bioprocesses.

PMID 42927809
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PubMedACS omega2026-10-25

Reduced Carbon Emissions and Chain Elongation during Mixotrophic Fermentation of a Biomass Feedstock.

Afzal Myra X MX, Bonatelli Maria L ML, Kleinsteuber Sabine S, Sträuber Heike H et al.

Anaerobic fermentation of biomass feedstocks using open cultures is a promising technology to produce platform carboxylates. Syngas, a mixture of H2, CO2, and CO, can be sourced sustainably and used to supplement biomass feedstocks as a source of acetyl-CoA, an intermediate for carboxylate chain elongation. To test this, syngas and corn silage were provided to a 10-L semicontinuous fermenter for 208 days of operation in a first-of-a-kind study at this scale. After acclimation to syngas, a 2-fold reduction in average CO2 production rate (0.097 vs 0.21 g L-1 d-1) was observed over a period of 42 days in comparison to a control. Syngas cofeeding also increased average production rates of n-butyrate (C4) and n-caproate (C6) by 74 and 27%, respectively, although these effects were observed at relatively low C6 concentrations up to 4 g L-1. Abundances of Megasphaera and Dialister showed significant correlation (p < 0.05) to consumption of H2, CO2, and CO as well as production of C3, C4, C5, or C7, suggesting involvement of these genera in mixotrophic metabolism. A feasibility analysis showed that syngas recirculation could return additional 1.54 USD mbroth -3 while costing 1.26 USD mbroth -3 and avoiding 1.81 kg CO2 eq. mbroth -3 in emissions compared to heterotrophic fermentation. With still much room to increase syngas consumption and carboxylate production, we propose mixotrophic fermentation as a "low-tech" technology to turn fermenters into decentralized industrial carbon sinks.

PMID 42923964
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PubMedWater research2026-10-23

Chain elongation under low-temperature conditions: Performance and bacterial-fungal interactions.

Ren Weiping W, Lü Fan F, Zhang Hua H, He Pinjing P

Chain elongation (CE) technology has attracted widespread attention for its ability to achieve high-value recovery of carbon resources from organic waste. However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding the stable operation and microbial synergies of CE for its potential application at low temperature environment. This study demonstrates that a continuous CE reactor can operate stably over 180 days at 20°C using lactate as substrate. by adjusting the hydraulic retention time (10 d-5 d-10 d). The results indicate that the system can achieve stable and efficient caproate production at 20°C (maximum concentration of 149.16 mmol-C L-1 and maximum selectivity of 56.5%). Kinetic modeling suggested half-saturation constant for the butyrate synthesis is tens of times higher than lactate oxidation or caproate synthesis. Microbial community analysis revealed that Caproiciproducens consistently remained the dominant genus, with a relative abundance peaking at 72.9%. Additionally, the enrichment of Cutaneotrichosporon moniliiforme showed a positive correlation with caproate production, suggesting that fungi may have a potential complementary role in supporting low-temperature chain elongation. Metagenomic analysis further indicated that key functional genes of the reverse β-oxidation pathway maintained high abundance under low-temperature conditions. Furthermore, a large number of cobW-related genes were detected, suggesting that vitamin B12 metabolism and cobalt ion utilization may support reverse β-oxidation-associated functions. Overall, bacterial-fungal synergy and cofactor-related functional potentials provide possible explanations for efficient caproate production at low temperature, although it requires further experimental validation.

PMID 42914611
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PubMedBioresource technology2026-10-23

Metal-organic frameworks-enabled lignocellulose valorization toward medium-chain fatty acids: From sustainable synthesis to integrated catalysis, bioconversion, and separation‬‬‬‬.

Liu Yuhao Y, Ma Shiqi S, Zhang Jie J, Fu Renzhi R et al.

Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable carbon source for medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) production, but conversion from solid feedstock to recoverable C6-C8 products is limited by biomass recalcitrance, enzyme deactivation, microbial inhibition, and downstream separation. This review critically evaluates metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as stage-specific materials rather than a universal platform, linking manufacture and stability to biomass conversion, enzyme immobilization, carbohydrate upgrading, chain elongation, product recovery, regeneration, and process economics. Direct studies are distinguished from related-system evidence, mechanistic interpretations, and proposed integrations, with comparisons constrained by material identity, process matrix, and reported endpoints. Key trade-offs concern activity and stability, enzyme protection and substrate access, and adsorption affinity and release. Initial direct studies report enhanced caproate production with MOF-assisted chain elongation, whereas selective and repeated C6-C8 recovery from real chain-elongation broth remains insufficiently demonstrated. The most defensible near-term route is modular, stream-matched use of MOFs rather than a single multifunctional material spanning the biorefinery.

PMID 42913812
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PubMedAnalytical chemistry2026-10-23

A Heating-Assisted Integrated Purification-Enrichment-Derivatization Paper Chip for Rapid MS/MS Quantification of Serum Steroid Hormones.

Tan Can C, Chen Zhangwu Z, Lin Jingxiong J, Zhang Yue Y et al.

Rapid and reliable simultaneous quantification of multiple steroid hormones is important for the diagnosis and monitoring of endocrine disorders such as polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), formerly known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Existing methods are susceptible to ion suppression in complex serum matrices and therefore usually require laborious sample preparation and time-consuming chromatographic separation, limiting their application in high-throughput screening and rapid testing. In this study, we developed an integrated purification-enrichment-derivatization paper chip, termed iPED chip, which integrates diatomaceous earth-assisted online cleanup at the tail end, thermal enrichment at the paper tip, and in situ hydroxylamine derivatization. A programmable induction heating device was also developed to provide a localized, controllable, and noncontact thermal field for the paper reaction zone, thereby promoting analyte enrichment and reaction. Coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, the iPED chip-MS/MS method enabled rapid simultaneous quantification of testosterone (T), androstenedione (4-AD), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) in serum within 20 min. Method characterization demonstrated effective enrichment of the target hormones, broad linearity over 0.078-40 μg/L in spiked calf serum, low limits of detection of 0.042-0.093 μg/L, recoveries of 95-106%, and RSDs below 10%. In spiked hormone-depleted human serum samples at clinically relevant levels, the results agreed well with those obtained by conventional LC-MS/MS, supporting the reliability of iPED chip-MS/MS and its potential for rapid clinical testing and large-scale biofluid screening.

PMID 42915226
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PubMedCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2026-10-19

Gut microbiome-related plasma metabolites and risk of colorectal cancer.

Malcomson Fiona C FC, O'Connell Caitlin P CP, Farhat Zeinab Z, Buchanan Daniel D DD et al.

Perturbations in gut microbiome composition and altered levels of related metabolites may be related to colorectal cancer (CRC). This study assessed whether pre-diagnostic, circulating, microbiome-related metabolite concentrations were associated with CRC risk. We undertook a nested case-control study of 739 participants in the Colon Cancer Family Registry Cohort (312 cases, 427 controls). Median follow-up time from blood draw to diagnosis was 7 years. Pre-diagnostic plasma concentrations of 70 metabolites were quantified by targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for metabolite concentrations and CRC risk using multivariable conditional logistic regression models. Stratified analyses were conducted by sex, Lynch syndrome diagnosis, and age at tumor onset. The primary bile acids, cholate and chenodeoxycholate, were positively associated with CRC incidence, overall and among females. The odds of CRC were higher in individuals in the highest compared with the lowest quartiles of cholate (ORQ4vQ1=1.61, 95% CI=1.05-2.49) and chenodeoxycholate (ORQ4vQ1=1.60, 95% CI=1.03-2.50). Two short-chain fatty acids (caproate, valerate) and three metabolites involved in phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism (cinnamoylglycine, phenylpropionate, 4-ethylphenylsulfate) were suggested to be associated, positively and negatively, respectively, with incident CRC but these associations did not withstand correction for multiple comparisons. In stratified analyses, some differences were observed according to sex, Lynch syndrome diagnosis, and age at tumor onset. Circulating microbiome-related metabolites, including bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, may be associated with CRC risk. These findings provide insight into potential pathways linking the gut microbiome to colorectal carcinogenesis.

PMID 42895480
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