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fentanyl citrate (OX20 / Rapinyl / EN 3267)

✓ Approved

Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd. · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 fentanyl citrate？

fentanyl citrate 是一种小分子，由Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)、Sublingual (SL)/Oral Transmucosal、Topical。

药物档案

商品名OX20, Rapinyl, EN 3267
公司Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.
药物类别小分子
给药途径Oral (PO), Sublingual (SL)/Oral Transmucosal, Topical
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.

治疗适应症

fentanyl citrate 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Cancer pain✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedFrontiers in oncology2026-09-10

A two-phase low-dose ACD-A strategy overcomes hypocalcemia during peripheral blood stem cell collection: a randomized controlled study.

Long Zhangbiao Z, Jin Yutong Y, Zhao Dinghui D, Li Yuxin Y et al.

Citrate anticoagulation during peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection frequently causes hypocalcemia. Conventional fixed-ratio protocols frequently employ prophylactic calcium supplementation in many centers; however, they are associated with a high citrate burden and have been linked to platelet aggregation in some reports. This randomized controlled study evaluated a two-phase low-dose Acid Citrate Dextrose formula A (ACD-A) strategy designed to reduce hypocalcemia without compromising collection efficiency. Consecutive donors undergoing PBSC collection were randomly assigned to two groups. The Control group (n=22) received a blood-to-ACD-A ratio of 10-12:1 with prophylactic intravenous calcium. The Low ACD-A group (n=21) received initial loading phase at a ratio of 10-12:1 until 1 mL/kg of ACD-A was infused, followed by maintenance at 25:1 without prophylactic calcium. The primary outcome was the incidence of hypocalcemia-related symptoms. Secondary outcomes included collection time, ACD-A intake, CD34+ cell yield, and platelet aggregation. The incidence of hypocalcemia-related symptoms was significantly lower in the Low ACD-A group than in the Control group (14% vs. 73%, P = 0.0002). Collection time was shorter (170.8 vs. 199.3 min, P = 0.0029), and ACD-A intake was substantially reduced (6.10 vs. 12.96 mL/kg, P < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed in CD34+ cell yield, enrichment ratio, yield per liter processed, or changes in ionized calcium levels between groups. Mild platelet aggregation occurred less frequently in the Low ACD-A group (9.5% vs. 41%, P = 0.0339). A two-phase low-dose ACD-A strategy significantly reduces hypocalcemia-related symptoms, shortens collection time, and decreases platelet aggregation without compromising stem cell yield or product quality. This simple modification represents a meaningful improvement over conventional citrate protocols for PBSC collection.

PMID 42718461
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PubMedBiopolymers2026-09-10

Pre-Esterification Dry Heat Treatment Enhances the Functional Properties of Starch Citrate: Enzyme Resistance and Water Absorption.

Dogadina Anna A, Tryakhov Denis D, Grishkova Svetlana S, Maslennikov Daniel D

This study investigates how pre-esterification dry heat treatment (DHT) of corn starch at 170°C, 180°C, and 200°C influences the functional properties of subsequently synthesized starch citrates. Structural and morphological changes induced by DHT and esterification were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Starch citrates were characterized for their resistance to pancreatic α-amylase and amyloglucosidase, as well as their water absorption capacity (WAC) at 37°C. Results demonstrated a strong correlation between DHT temperature and the functional properties of the final citrate. Increasing the DHT temperature significantly increased the resistant starch fraction and WAC. Specifically, citrates from native starch had a resistant starch (RS) fraction of 91%, while citrates from starch pre-treated at 200°C exhibited a markedly increased RS fraction of 98% and a 64% increase in WAC. These findings indicate that DHT is an effective pre-treatment for enhancing the dietary fiber potential and hydration properties of starch citrates.

PMID 42717628
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PubMedFrontiers in pediatrics2026-09-10

Association of caffeine citrate plus vitamin A/D drops with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and respiratory outcomes in preterm infants born at <32 weeks' gestation: a 72-h landmark retrospective cohort study.

Su Rongying R, Pei Yaohua Y

The aim of this work is to examine whether the early addition of vitamin A/D drops to caffeine citrate was associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and short-term respiratory outcomes in preterm infants born at <32 weeks' gestation. This single-center, 72-h landmark retrospective cohort study included 126 infants admitted to the hospital between October 2022 and November 2024 with a gestational age <32 weeks and birth weight ≤1.5 kg. Exposure was determined at 72 h as either caffeine alone or caffeine plus vitamin A/D drops. Complete-case analyses were performed. Among the 119 infants who survived to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age, BPD, longitudinal outcomes, and clinical course were evaluated. Multivariable regression and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were applied. BPD occurred in 20 of 55 survivors (36.4%) receiving caffeine alone and 11 of 64 (17.2%) receiving combination therapy. After adjustment for gestational age, birth weight, and grade III-IV respiratory distress syndrome, combination therapy was associated with a lower risk of BPD [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.14-0.90]. The composite outcome of death or BPD occurred in 25 of 60 infants (41.7%) in the caffeine group and 13 of 66 (19.7%) in the combination group (extended-model aOR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.14-0.80); IPTW results were consistent. Combination therapy was also associated with more favorable changes in blood gas and inflammatory markers, along with shorter durations of respiratory support and hospitalization. No serious adverse event required permanent treatment discontinuation. Among infants who survived to 72 h, early initiation of vitamin A/D drops as an adjunct to caffeine was associated with lower risks of BPD and death or BPD, as well as more favorable short-term respiratory outcomes. Non-randomized treatment allocation, complete-case selection, and residual confounding preclude causal inference.

PMID 42718862
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PubMedCurrent addiction reports2026-09-10

A Conceptual Model of Opioid Use Pathways: Addressing the Prescription-to-Illegal Opioid "Transition".

Dash Genevieve F GF, Slutske Wendy S WS, Nguyen Carolyne L CL, Langdon Kirsten J KJ

To review risk factors shared by and unique to nonmedical use of prescription opioids (NUPO) and heroin/illegally manufactured fentanyl (IMF) use, and synthesize them into distinct conceptual pathways. Much discussion of the opioid crisis focuses on a causal "transition" from NUPO to heroin/IMF use. However, most people with NUPO do not go on to use heroin or other illegal opioids; other nonopioid substance use prior to heroin/IMF is ubiquitous; and numerous other risk factors act in concert to facilitate or inhibit heroin/IMF initiation in the context of prior NUPO. Rather than a direct and causal pathway from NUPO to heroin/IMF use, largely overlapping risk factors in biological, environmental, social-interpersonal, and psychological-behavioral domains may give rise to both NUPO and heroin/IMF use in tandem, with some degree of drug-specific influence shaping distinct trajectories. There are genetic and environmental influences shared by and unique to NUPO and heroin/IMF use. NUPO-only use is facilitated by easier access to healthcare and implied legitimacy of POs; negative attitudes toward drug use and lack of drug-involved peers to facilitate access to underground drug markets inhibit heroin/IMF initiation. Heroin/IMF-only use is facilitated by early life adversity, trauma, and social disenfranchisement that increase risk for heroin/IMF use, coupled with limited access to POs (e.g., barriers to healthcare). NUPO+heroin/IMF use is facilitated by strong latent liability for addiction, externalizing psychopathology, and a permissive drug use environment with substance-involved peers, compounded by a flooded drug marketplace. Implications for intervention and policy are discussed.

PMID 42719812
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PubMedFood science & nutrition2026-09-10

Nonthermal Concentration of Red Beetroot Juice by Reverse Osmosis and Forward Osmosis.

Avellaneda Eugenia E, Moraru Carmen I CI

This work reports on the use of reverse osmosis (RO) and forward osmosis (FO) for the nonthermal concentration of red beetroot juice. Commercial thermally concentrated juice (TCJ) diluted to single strength and freshly extracted, not from concentrate juice (NFC) were processed by RO with a thin film composite membrane, at 2400 kPa transmembrane pressure and 22°C-23°C. FO concentration was conducted with a cellulose triacetate membrane, at 25°C, using potassium citrate as osmotic agent. Water flux declined over time in both RO and FO, with a more pronounced decay for RO, indicative of membrane fouling. RO concentration plateaued at 17.3 °Brix ± 0.4 °Brix for TCJ and at 12.3 °Brix for NFC, while FO reached concentrations of 50.9 °Brix ± 2.9 °Brix and 49.7 °Brix for TCJ and NFC, respectively. No significant changes (p > 0.05) in juice color and betalain content were observed for any of the membrane concentrated TCJ samples; small decreases in betacyanin content and color occurred after both RO and FO of NFC A combined RO-FO process maintained product quality but did not present benefits in terms of speed of concentration. Overall, this work indicates that FO is a promising nonthermal method for the concentration of beetroot juice, with significant advantages compared to both thermal concentration and RO.

PMID 42719740
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PubMedVirulence2026-09-10

Coxiella burnetii establishes a small cell variant (SCV)-like persistent form to survive adverse intracellular conditions.

Asghar Faiza F, Hayek Inaya I, Bachmann Elke E, Berens Christian C et al.

Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular zoonotic bacterium that causes Q fever. Infections can be either acute or chronic. Of note, chronic Q fever can develop months or years after primary infection without clinical symptoms, suggesting bacterial persistence. Yet, information about the induction, regulation, and/or location of C. burnetii persistence is rare. We have shown that during infection of primary macrophages, hypoxia-induced citrate limitation results in inhibition of C. burnetii replication without affecting viability. Here, primary murine macrophages were infected with C. burnetii under normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (0.5% O2) conditions to clarify how C. burnetii survives this environmental stress condition. Our data suggest that under hypoxic conditions, C. burnetii does not undergo the stringent response, but instead enters an SCV-like form, which is smaller in size, possesses condensed chromatin material and a thicker cell wall. These changes have functional consequences, as the SCV-like persistent form of C. burnetii is more infectious, more tolerant to antibiotics and less sensitive to clearance by IFNγ activated macrophages. Hence, the development of the SCV-like persistent form of C. burnetii prevents elimination of the pathogen, which in turn allows the pathogen to thrive once the conditions again change in its favor.

PMID 42720576
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