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olaparib (myChoice CDx)

✓ Approved

Myriad Genetics, Inc. · 辅助诊断 · 辅助诊断

什么是 olaparib？

olaparib 是一种辅助诊断，由Myriad Genetics, Inc.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Others。

药物档案

商品名myChoice CDx
公司Myriad Genetics, Inc.
药物类别辅助诊断
给药途径Others
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Myriad Genetics, Inc.

治疗适应症

olaparib 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Uterine cancer✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2026-07-27

Evolution and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Klebsiella spp. Infections in Companion Animals in the Iberian Peninsula.

Jiménez-Serrano María M, Vidal Anna A, Duran Inma I, Seminati Chiara C et al.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in companion animals is an increasing concern within the One Health framework, particularly regarding opportunistic pathogens such as Klebsiella spp. This retrospective study evaluated the epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and temporal resistance trends of Klebsiella spp. infections in dogs and cats across the Iberian Peninsula. A total of 809 clinical isolates collected between 2016 and 2024 and submitted to a private diagnostic laboratory in Barcelona were analysed. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant species (70%), more frequently identified in cats (76%) than in dogs (68%). Dermatological and respiratory samples exhibited the highest prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates. Overall MDR prevalence was high, particularly in cats (51.1%; 95% CI 41.1-60.9%) compared with dogs (38.4%; 95% CI 34.1-42.8%) although it was not statistically significant. K. pneumoniae generally exhibited higher resistance rates than K. oxytoca, particularly to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, first-/second-generation cephalosporins, third-/fourth-generation cephalosporins (3/4th GC), fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines. In both bacterial species, resistance rates were consistently higher among feline isolates. In contrast, aminoglycosides and phenicols retained high activity against most isolates. Temporal analysis revealed a significant increasing resistance trend to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, which is particularly concerning given the widespread use of this antimicrobial as a first-line treatment in small animal practice. However, resistance trend to aminoglycosides showed a significant decline. No significant temporal changes were detected for 3/4th GC and fluoroquinolones, suggesting the persistence of resistant populations within companion animals. Resistance to aminoglycosides and phenicols remained comparatively low in this study. Whereas critically important category B antimicrobials, such as 3/4th GC and fluoroquinolones, exhibited low to moderate effectiveness, raising concerns about their empirical use. These findings highlight the substantial AMR and MDR burden of K. pneumoniae in companion animals in the Iberian Peninsula and reinforce the need for prudent antimicrobial use, routine susceptibility testing, and integrated One Health surveillance strategies.

PMID 42505641
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PubMedAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2026-07-27

First Report of a blaOXA-484-Harbouring Escherichia coli ST167 Isolated from the Urine Sample of a Dog of Italian Origin.

Biggel Michael M, Nüesch-Inderbinen Magdalena M, Schmitt Sarah S, Schneeberger Marianne M et al.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat to both human and animal health. Carbapenems are last-resort antimicrobials used to treat severe infections with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens in humans. Therefore, the dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) has emerged as a major concern worldwide. Although carbapenems are not routinely used in veterinary medicine, CPE, including OXA-48-like-producing Escherichia coli, are increasingly being reported in companion animals. We document the first report of E. coli-harbouring blaOXA-484 isolated from a urine sample from a dog with a history of chronic thoracolumbar myelopathy. Using a combined Oxford Nanopore (ONT) long-reads and Illumina short-reads sequencing approach, the isolate was characterized and an IncF plasmid containing blaOXA-484 was reconstructed. The isolate belonged to sequence type (ST)167, which is an emerging high-risk clone frequently reported among human clinical isolates. The blaOXA-484 gene was harboured in a composite transposon bracketed by IS26 identical to that of blaOXA-484 carried on an IncX plasmid pOXA-484-JS316 from a human clinical E. coli ST410 from Germany. The isolation of the epidemic clone ST167 harbouring blaOXA-484 from a canine infection raises the hypothesis of a transmission event between humans and companion animals.

PMID 42505615
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PubMedCureus2026-07-27

Ameloblastic Carcinoma: A Case Report with Emphasis on Relevant Diagnostic Aspects.

Sarangi Snehanjan S, Ray Debarati D, Bhattacharjee Tathagata T

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a highly aggressive malignant odontogenic epithelial tumor. It may occur in a pre-existing ameloblastoma, odontogenic cyst, or de novo. The condition is typically painful, highly invasive, and multifocally metastasizing in nature, with the lungs being the most common secondary tumor site. The condition is most often encountered in adult men during the sixth decade, with a propensity towards the posterior mandible. Radiographic examinations typically exhibit ill-defined and aggressive lesions with massive bone loss. Histopathological examination shows classic cytonuclear atypia in the ameloblastic element. The immunohistochemical staining is generally found to be intense in markers such as Ki-67, p53, and p63. The majority of cases also carry mutations in the BRAF V600E gene. In this case report, we discuss the presentation pertaining to AC in a 29-year-old male patient, with an emphasis on the relevant clinical-radiological-pathological diagnostic aspects. The primary treatment of AC is surgical removal, occasionally in conjunction with dissection of the neck or radiation therapy to manage local and metastatic spread. In our case, surgical removal was performed. AC is a rare, aggressive, and invasive odontogenic epithelial malignant neoplasm. Further future studies regarding its pathogenesis, molecular genetics, and immunohistochemical aspects will help researchers in better understanding this novel entity.

PMID 42504335
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PubMedOrthopedic reviews2026-07-27

The Association Between Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease and Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Narrative Review.

Alnowaishiri Khalaf A KA, AlMutairi Leen O LO, AlQarni Rayan A RA, Alshaikhi Renad O RO et al.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, a condition comprising a variety of inherited peripheral neuropathies, is marked by progressive degeneration of motor and sensory nerves. The current review examines the link between CMT and developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), characterized by abnormal hip joint development. Although the frequency of DDH among CMT patients has been under-investigated, the musculoskeletal complications of CMT (including weakness and abnormal gait) may predispose individuals to hip dysplasia. This narrative review compiles data from 11 publications selected from a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science. The criteria included established diagnosis of CMT and DDH in patients aged less than 14 years, English language, and availability of full text. This review examined patient characteristics, genetics, diagnosis, and treatment. Research demonstrates a high incidence of hip dysplasia among CMT patients, with some studies reporting 22% in clinical series. Patterns of diagnosis differ among subtypes, with earlier onset of Type-1 CMT. This link is influenced by genetic factors, such as duplication of the PMP22 gene, and family studies show vertical transmission. Diagnosis includes physical examination, X-rays and genetic analysis. Early intervention, including non-surgical and surgical treatment in severe cases, is crucial to management. The link between CMT and DDH highlights the importance of awareness and screening in at-risk groups. Appropriate screening and management algorithms can enhance quality of life. Additional epidemiological and genetic studies are needed to improve diagnostic and treatment strategies.

PMID 42504314
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PubMedJournal of clinical microbiology2026-07-27

Veterinary-specific breakpoints for ceftiofur applicable to canine Escherichia coli.

Dang Xukun X, Chen Siyu S, Lyu Hening H, Zou Zhiyu Z et al.

Ceftiofur is a third-generation cephalosporin approved for veterinary applications and is used to treat Escherichia coli infections in dogs, particularly urinary tract infections (UTIs), in countries including China. Despite this use, there are no approved breakpoints for interpretation of ceftiofur susceptibility testing results. This absence limits the guidance that veterinarians need to effectively prescribe ceftiofur in dogs. It also limits the analysis of data from resistance monitoring and surveillance programs. This study aimed to establish ceftiofur interpretive categories and breakpoints that can be used to assess antimicrobial susceptibility testing results for canine E. coli isolates. Our methods included a definition of the wild-type cutoff (COWT) based on resistance phenotypes from two sources, deriving the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) cutoff (COPD) through PK-PD analyses and Monte Carlo simulations and determining the clinical cutoff (COCL) from a trial in dogs. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) data were collected from China and the European database (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing [EUCAST]). COWT was determined as 1 μg/mL. The COPD was 0.25 μg/mL. Through a canine cystitis trial, a COCL of 2 μg/mL was determined. Based on these findings and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)-recommended methods, we propose urinary tract infection-specific MIC breakpoints of ≤1 µg/mL (susceptible), 2 μg/mL (intermediate), and ≥4 µg/mL (resistant) and corresponding disk diffusion zone diameter breakpoints, determined by the error rate-bounded (ERB) method, of ≥23 mm (susceptible), 20-22 mm (intermediate), and ≤19 mm (resistant). The systemic breakpoints (non-urine) were determined to be ≤0.125 µg/mL (susceptible), 0.25 μg/mL (intermediate), and ≥0.5 µg/mL (resistant).IMPORTANCECeftiofur can be legally used, but laboratories and veterinarians lack canine-specific breakpoints to determine whether an isolate is susceptible or resistant. Without such criteria, test results can be inconsistent, treatment choices uncertain, and early signs of emerging resistance overlooked. This study fills that gap by defining evidence-based, canine-specific breakpoints for ceftiofur, particularly for urinary tract infections (UTIs). Adoption of these breakpoints will allow more consistent reporting by diagnostic laboratories, improve therapeutic decision-making for veterinarians, and provide a reliable basis for resistance surveillance. These advances strengthen the One-Health antimicrobial stewardship and help preserve the effectiveness of important antimicrobials for companion animals and the wider community.

PMID 42506934
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PubMedCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.)2026-07-27

Controversies in the Management of AML in Older Patients: A Canadian Perspective.

Schuh Andre C AC, Brandwein Joseph J, Elsawy Mahmoud M, Sanford David D et al.

In the companion article in this issue of Current Oncology, 'Management of AML in Older Patients: An Updated Canadian Consensus', the authors have presented the third iteration of Canadian consensus guidelines on AML treatment in the elderly. While many aspects of AML treatment in the elderly have become better defined, some old questions remain and new questions and controversies have arisen. Here, we address three topics on which there is, at this time, no universal consensus. The first is the development and features of new risk-stratification systems specifically aimed at older, less-intensively treated patients. Several different systems now exist in parallel, potentially causing confusion amongst clinicians. The second topic is good-prognosis AML subtypes (IDH1- and NPM1-mutated AML). In the Canadian context, IDH1-mutated AML is of particular interest due to the new availability of ivosidenib in Canada. The third topic is adverse-risk AML subtypes (FLT3- and TP53-mutated AML). FLT3-mutated AML remains problematic, although it is anticipated that new drug approvals and measurable residual disease-based treatment approaches may alleviate this, at least in part. And in particular, TP53-mutated AML remains a major problem. Ongoing clinical trial enrollment is essential.

PMID 42505233
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