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calcitonin (Fortical)

✓ Approved

Unigene · CALCR · 重组蛋白

什么是 calcitonin？

calcitonin 是一种重组蛋白，由Unigene研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Inhaled。

药物档案

商品名Fortical
公司Unigene
药物类别重组蛋白
分子靶点CALCR
给药途径Inhaled
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Unigene

作用机制

分子靶点

calcitonin 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

CALCRcalcitonin receptor (CT-R, CTR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

calcitonin 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersOsteoporosis✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedAnatomia, histologia, embryologia2026-07-27

Computed Tomographic Volumetric Analysis of the Nasal Cavities in Domestic Cats (Felis catus) and Anatomical Implications for Intranasal Drug Delivery.

Charles Montel M, Hippolyte Charlier C, Charlène Paquet P, Géraldine Jourdan J et al.

To perform a computed tomography (CT)-based volumetric assessment of the nasal cavities in domestic cats and to evaluate the relationship between nasal cavity volume and selected morphometric variables. Fifty-six European cats that underwent CT examination of the head were retrospectively included. Three-dimensional segmentation of the right and left nasal cavities was performed using dedicated software. Total, right, and left nasal cavity volumes were measured. Associations between nasal cavity volume and sex, age, and body weight were assessed using multiple linear regression analysis. Bilateral symmetry was evaluated using paired comparisons. Intra-observer reliability was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Mean total nasal cavity volume was 6.74 ± 1.79 mL. No significant difference was observed between left (3.38 ± 0.92 mL) and right (3.36 ± 0.91 mL) nasal cavity volumes. Male cats exhibited significantly larger nasal cavity volumes than females (8.3 ± 1.7 mL vs. 5.8 ± 1.1 mL; p < 0.001). No significant association was found between nasal cavity volume and age or body weight after adjustment for sex. Intra-observer agreement was excellent (ICC = 0.98). CT-based three-dimensional segmentation provides reliable volumetric assessment of the feline nasal cavities. Significant sexual dimorphism was identified, whereas laterality, age, and body weight had no significant influence on nasal cavity volume. The limited nasal cavity volume supports the use of low-volume, concentrated formulations for intranasal drug delivery in cats.

PMID 42504038
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PubMedMicroscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada2026-07-27

Comparative Histological Architecture of the Nasal Skin in Domestic Animals: Structural Insights into Species-Specific Adaptations.

Madkour Fatma A FA, Mohammed Elsayed S I ESI

The nasal skin in domestic animals plays a crucial role in thermoregulation, tactile perception, and environmental interaction. This study aimed to compare the histological architecture of the nasal skin among common domestic species to identify species-specific morphological variations. Nasal skin samples from camel, buffalo, cattle, sheep, goat, horse, donkey, pig, and dog were collected and processed for histological investigation. The epidermis was thickest in buffalo and thinnest in camel, exhibiting a wavy surface in camel, donkey, and dog. Epithelial pegs and dermal papillae were well developed in ruminants but sparse or absent in camel and horse. The dermis contained hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands, although their presence varied among species. Hair follicles and sebaceous glands were absent in the modified nasal skin, except in pig and sheep. Sweat glands were few in camel, buffalo, cattle, horse, donkey, and sheep, but absent in other species. Nasal glands were well-developed in buffalo and cattle, but absent in camel and dog. Skeletal muscle bundles were prominent in the dermis of the horse's nasal skin, particularly within the reticular layer. The presence of marked interspecies variations in domestic animal's nasal skin histology indicates structural and functional adaptations.

PMID 42504865
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PubMedEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2026-07-27

Systematic review of non-surgical etiologies of nasal necrosis: evidence from case reports and case series.

Chedid Marie Line ML, Hariri Rima Mohammad Achraf RMA, Chaer Talia El TE, Murillo Veronica Andrade VA et al.

Nasal necrosis is a rare but potentially devastating manifestation of diverse conditions, including fulminant infection, immune-mediated vasculopathy, drug toxicity, neoplasia and device-related pressure injury. Surgical intervention is often prioritized; however, a subset of patients is managed non-surgically and evidence-based guidance remains limited. The objective is to systematically synthesize non-surgical etiologies, clinical patterns, diagnostic workup, and management strategies reported in cases of nasal necrosis. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect from inception to December 7, 2025 identified case reports and case series involving human patients with nasal skin or soft-tissue necrosis not primarily attributable to surgery or cosmetic procedures. Non-human studies, systematic reviews and non english records were excluded. Data on demographics, etiology, presentation, investigations, management and outcomes were extracted. Methodological quality was appraised using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. Thirty-nine publications comprising 45 cases were included. Infectious etiologies were most frequent (44.4%), followed by mechanical or traumatic (20.0%), immune-mediated (13.3%), drug-induced (13.3%), neoplastic (6.7%), and congenital causes (2.2%). Isolated nasal involvement occurred in 57.8% of cases. Non-surgical management included antimicrobials, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, anticoagulation, wound care, and adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy, with better outcomes in cases where the underlying cause was identified early. Nasal necrosis represents a heterogeneous clinicopathologic endpoint in which prompt etiologic diagnosis is critical for effective, organ-preserving dermatologic management.

PMID 42507212
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PubMedBulletin of experimental biology and medicine2026-07-27

The Influence of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha on the Permeability of Nasal Epithelial Cell Monolayer.

Abalenikhina Yu V YV, Breslavets D I DI, Mylnikov P Yu PY, Builina S G SG et al.

The effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) on the barrier function of the nasal epithelium (RPMI 2650 cell line) was studied in in vitro experiments. It was shown that short-term exposure to the cytokine (6 h) increased transepithelial electrical resistance and decreased paracellular permeability for mannitol, which was accompanied by elevated expression of the tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-1. Prolonged exposure (48 h) caused an opposite effect, i.e., a significant decrease in the barrier function and a decrease in the content of the studied proteins. These results indicate that the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα modulates the permeability of the nasal epithelium, which should be taken into account when developing strategies for intranasal drug delivery.

PMID 42507093
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PubMedSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2026-07-27

Correction to: Anatomical indicators of sleep quality: insights from nasal and neck measurements.

Karahan Menekşe M, Akcaalan Melike M, Seyaz Mehtap M, Erpek Paçaci Selin S

PMID 42507065
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PubMedDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2026-07-27

Culturable Nasal Bacteria in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Single-Center Observational Pilot Study.

Laureti Camilla C, Benelli Dario D, Zoccali Federica F, Riccardi Gabriele G et al.

Bacteria colonizing the nasal cavity contribute to mucosal homeostasis, and altered sinonasal bacterial communities have been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Whether routine, culture-based microbiology can distinguish the cultivable bacterial profile of CRSwNP patients from that of controls remains unclear. In this single-center observational pilot study, middle-meatus swabs from 30 patients with CRSwNP and 30 controls were cultured on four media, and isolates were identified with the VITEK 2 system. For each species, presence or absence per subject was compared between groups using Fisher's exact test with Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple comparisons; the number of cultivable species per subject was compared with the Mann-Whitney test. The two groups were comparable in age and sex. Patients yielded more cultivable bacterial species per subject than controls (mean 4.4 vs. 2.9; Mann-Whitney p < 0.001). Several species were numerically more frequent in patients (e.g., Staphylococcus hominis, S. lugdunensis) and others in controls (e.g., S. epidermidis, S. aureus), but no individual species difference remained significant after correction. Using routine culture, CRSwNP was characterized chiefly by a higher number of cultivable bacterial species, whereas individual species differences were not statistically robust. These hypothesis-generating findings warrant confirmation in larger, sequencing-based studies.

PMID 42505592
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