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meningococcus B & C vaccine

✓ Approved

Abivax · 疫苗 · 疫苗

什么是 meningococcus B & C vaccine？

meningococcus B & C vaccine 是一种疫苗，由Abivax研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection。

药物档案

公司Abivax
药物类别疫苗
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Abivax

治疗适应症

meningococcus B & C vaccine 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsMeningococcal bacteraemia✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Advancing Global Hepatitis B Elimination: The Case for Using Maize as a Low-Cost, Heat-Stable, and Scalable Oral Vaccine.

Watanabe Muneaki M, Howard John A JA

Because hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major global health burden, innovative strategies are essential to achieve the World Health Organization's goal of eliminating viral hepatitis and closing persistent coverage gaps for injectable vaccines. While parenteral administration remains the gold standard for immunization, constraints such as cold-chain dependence and needle-associated barriers limit its reach, particularly in resource-constrained environments. This review summarizes work aimed at a plant-produced orally delivered vaccine as a transformative, scalable step towards global hepatitis B elimination. Early studies demonstrated proof of concept for the oral delivery of plant-produced hepatitis B vaccine candidates, including human trials using lettuce and potato as the host, but they were limited by low antigen yields and instability. In contrast, maize-produced antigens represent a significant advancement, achieving high levels of accumulation and utilizing the seed's natural desiccation physiology for bioencapsulation to protect the antigen from digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Mechanistically, this platform enables timed antigen release in the duodenum, promoting M-cell uptake and CD103+ (cells expressing CD103 known as integrin alpha E) dendritic cell (DC) presentation, thus encouraging immunogenic programming over oral tolerance. In addition, defatting the grain by supercritical fluid extraction further improves antigen thermostability up to 45 °C for one month and ambient temperatures for one year, maintaining structural integrity under extreme conditions in accordance with the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) stability guidelines. Current recommendations for immunization are for three parenteral administrations using the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The primary dose is usually given shortly after birth as a part of a multivalent vaccine. Therefore, initial studies for the oral plant-based vaccine have focused on using an oral boost after the parenteral prime. Data to support this premise are summarized along with co-administration of an oral and parental administration to elicit a stronger immune response. By overcoming past issues related to dose density and stability, this scalable, needle-free platform offers a practical way to eliminate global hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission, especially in resource-constrained environments.

PMID 42506615
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Development of DuoChol, a Thermostable Inactivated Whole-Cell/B-Subunit Oral Cholera Vaccine in Enteric Capsule.

Terrinoni Manuela M, Lebens Michael R MR, Nordqvist Stefan L SL, Nilsson Frida F et al.

Background/Objectives: Cholera remains an important global health problem. Inactivated oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) are essential in the WHO/GTFCC (World Health Organization/Global Task Force on Cholera Control) strategy to end cholera by 2030; however, global supply is insufficient, they require partial cold-chain storage, and their formulation and antigen contents leave room for improvement. We describe here the development and preclinical evaluation of DuoChol OCV, a next-generation thermostable oral vaccine designed to address these gaps. Methods: DuoChol is a lyophilized dry-powder formulation in enteric capsules containing formalin-inactivated Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Ogawa and Inaba isogenic bacteria, recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB), and sucrose as stabilizer. Methods describe the construction of the novel vaccine strains, processes for the preparation and characterization of vaccine components, and the final dry formulation in enteric capsules, and in vitro and in vivo vaccine stability analyses. Results: The newly engineered vaccine strains, together with a high-yield mixed-mode chromatography process for rCTB purification, enabled efficient and cost-effective vaccine production. Stability studies demonstrated complete preservation of O1 LPS and rCTB antigens for at least 21 months across temperatures of 4-40 °C. Moreover, regardless of storage duration or temperature, oral immunization of mice with DuoChol elicited strong serum and mucosal antibacterial and antitoxin responses that were similar to those induced by the licensed Dukoral® OCV. Conclusions: Its heat stability, practical enteric capsule formulation, and potential for improved efficacy compared to inactivated whole-cell only OCVs support positioning DuoChol as a promising next-generation OCV, suitable for national cholera control programs and particularly advantageous for outbreak response, where rapid deployment and early, robust protection are essential.

PMID 42506611
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Hepatitis B Vaccination in People Living with HIV: Bridging the Immunological Gap.

Radi Christelle C, Abu Faraj Jana J, Idriss Jad J, Gromer Daniel J DJ et al.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major driver of liver-related morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH), yet vaccine-induced protection is frequently suboptimal. HIV-associated immune dysfunction, including CD4+ T-cell depletion, altered antigen presentation, impaired T follicular helper cell support, and B-cell dysregulation, reduces seroprotection after standard recombinant HBV vaccines and may limit durability of antibody responses. Vaccine response is further influenced by HIV viral suppression, age, comorbidities, prior vaccine history, and baseline HBV serologic status, including isolated hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) and occult HBV infection (OBI) considerations. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves vaccine responsiveness, many PLWH fail to achieve protective hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) titers (≥10 mIU/mL) after conventional schedules, or experience antibody waning over time. Current guidelines recommend HBV vaccination for all susceptible PLWH with post-vaccination serologic testing and revaccination for nonresponders. Persistent implementation barriers, including incomplete series, vaccine hesitancy, stigma, and logistical constraints, continue to limit real-world impact. Emerging clinical trial data support CpG-adjuvanted HBV vaccines (HepB-CpG/Heplisav-B) and intensified dosing and schedules (double-dose or four-dose regimens) to improve seroprotection and generate higher peak anti-HBs titers, which may enhance durability. This review synthesizes guideline recommendations, immunologic mechanisms of hyporesponsiveness, predictors of vaccine response, and practical strategies to optimize HBV vaccination in PLWH.

PMID 42506660
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Influenza B Vaccines: Current Landscape and Novel Development Strategies.

Kotlyarov Roman Y RY, Ravin Nikolai V NV, Mardanova Eugenia S ES

Influenza B virus (IBV) represents a significant global health threat, contributing 20-30% of annual influenza cases and causing substantial morbidity and mortality across all age groups. Current seasonal vaccines demonstrate variable effectiveness, highlighting the urgent need for next-generation approaches that provide enhanced and sustained protection against both IBV lineages. Moreover, continuous antigenic drift of circulating viruses progressively reduces the match between vaccine-induced antibodies and contemporary strains, necessitating broad-spectrum protection strategies. This review discusses influenza B virus control strategies, encompassing both conventional approaches and emerging vaccine technologies. While antiviral therapy, epidemiological surveillance, diagnostics, and non-pharmaceutical public-health measures are integral components of influenza B control, the present review focuses specifically on vaccine-based strategies. By critically appraising the available evidence, this review evaluates the extent to which these strategies may improve the effectiveness of IBV vaccines and, in the longer term, inform the prospect of reducing the burden of-or potentially eliminating-influenza B virus, a goal that remains hypothetical and requires clinical validation.

PMID 42506610
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PubMedEmerging microbes & infections2026-07-27

Human pulmonary infection by Brucella suis vaccine strain S2 revealed by genome sequencing in China.

Li Kun K, Zhou Xiaoyan X, Tian Lingling L, Wu Leyu L et al.

Brucellosis the most common zoonosis worldwide. For control and prevention of animal brucellosis, various Brucella vaccines have been developed. Brucella suis S2, a live attenuated vaccine strain proven safe to humans, is widely used in China. In this report, a 77-year-old woman with a history of coughing and expectoration for three years was diagnosed with brucellosis by next-generation sequencing. Subsequently, the Brucella isolate from this patient was determined to be Brucella suis vaccine strain S2 by phage lysis experiments, quantitative real-time PCR, and third-generation sequencing. Its nucleotide identity with vaccine strain S2 was as high as 99.9996%, and only 14 deletion/insertion mutations or single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected. A phylogenetic tree constructed based on the genome sequences revealed that this strain clustered together with strain S2. As the patient denied having a history of contact with animals or exposure to other known sources, an epidemiological investigation was carried out on environmental and food samples. The results did not reveal a clear infection source except for a B. suis S2-like strain (99.9939% identity to B. suis S2 strain) from a milk sample. Our study may provide the first reliable evidence that B. suis vaccine strain S2 has the potential to infect humans. While this needs further confirmation, it points to the need to survey the virulence and risks of vaccine strain S2 in humans. In addition, the route of transmission of vaccine strain S2 still needs to be clarified to prevent more cases of brucellosis originating from this strain.

PMID 42504691
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

The Role of Human Viral Entry Receptor Mouse Models in Advancing Antiviral Antibodies and Vaccines.

Zuo Na N, Zheng Xin X, Ishaq Rameez R, Ren Deshan D et al.

Human viral entry receptor mouse models exist to overcome a fundamental experimental barrier: many clinically important viruses bind their human entry factors far more efficiently than the corresponding murine orthologs, leaving conventional mice unable to support authentic infection, physiological tissue tropism, or meaningful countermeasure evaluation. This review is organized around the receptor-humanization concept rather than around a single coronavirus model. Engineering strategies compared here include random transgenesis, endogenous-locus knock-in, minimal receptor-interface humanization, conditional and inducible expression, and transient vector-mediated delivery. Receptor systems covered span human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2)-dependent sarbecoviruses, human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (hDPP4)-dependent Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), human cluster of differentiation 4/human C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (hCD4/hCCR5)-dependentt human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), adenovirus receptor models, human intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (hICAM-1) rhinovirus systems, hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis D virus (HDV) entry-factor models, measles receptor models, poliovirus receptor/CD155 (PVR/CD155) models, human scavenger receptor class B member 2 (hSCARB2) enterovirus systems, and human transferrin receptor 1 (hTfR1) arenavirus models. We then discuss how these platforms support antibody evaluation, Fc-effector analysis, vaccine protection, variant benchmarking, and safety assessment. These models yield the most reliable data when the experimental question is explicitly entry-dependent and when receptor expression level, anatomical distribution, pathology window, and immune context have all been independently validated. They are least informative when receptor expression is non-physiological, when disease readouts are driven by promoter artifacts, or when post-entry species barriers remain the dominant bottleneck. A validation-centered framework is therefore proposed to guide the selection of each model for the specific antiviral antibody or vaccine question it can legitimately answer.

PMID 42506651
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