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alpha-1 antitrypsin (Alfalastin / rhAAT, GTC)

✓ Approved

rEVO Biologics · SERPINA1 · 重组蛋白

什么是 alpha-1 antitrypsin？

alpha-1 antitrypsin 是一种重组蛋白，由rEVO Biologics研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Unknown。

药物档案

商品名Alfalastin, rhAAT, GTC
公司rEVO Biologics
药物类别重组蛋白
分子靶点SERPINA1
给药途径Unknown
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, rEVO Biologics

作用机制

分子靶点

alpha-1 antitrypsin 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

SERPINA1serpin family A member 1 (PRO2275, nNIF)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

alpha-1 antitrypsin 针对 3 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Congenital, familial and genetic disordersCongenital emphysema✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis allergicPreclinical
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersDermatitis atopicPreclinical

相关研究文献

PubMedStress biology2026-09-10

Lycopene mitigates T-2 toxin-induced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in association with gut microbiota and SCFAs regulation in mice.

Adam Saber Y SY, Ennab Wael W, Zhu Cuipeng C, Yuan Long L et al.

T-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species and can cause disease after contaminated food or feed ingestion. This study aimed to investigate the impact of lycopene (Ly) on systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysbiosis in mice exposed to T-2 toxin. A total of 20 male BALB/c mice (6 weeks old, weighing 23.5 ± 0.32 g) randomly divided into four groups (n = 5): Control (Cont), Ly, T-2, and T-2 + Ly groups. Findings revealed that Ly enhanced the body weight, feedd, and water intake that have been reduced by T-2. Ly increased the villus height (VH) and VH: crypt depth (CD) and decreased CD and villus width (VW) in ileum compared to the T-2 group. In alpha diversity, Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium were the most prevalent in Cont group; Staphylococcus, and Lactobacillus, were the most prevalent in T-2 group; Candidatus-Arthromitus and Staphylococcus were the most prevalent in T-2 + Ly group. Moreover, T-2 mice had significantly (p < 0.05) greater levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) than Cont, while the Ly significantly (p < 0.05) lowered their concentration. The T-2 mice had significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), while their catalase (CAT),, glutathione (GSH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1) activities were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than Cont. Ly significantly (p < 0.05) restored their concentration. Moreover, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of hexanoic, butyric, acetic, pentanoic, and Heptanoic acids in the T-2 mice compared to Cont. In contrast, treatment with Ly was found to significantly restore their levels compared to T-2 group. We conclude that Ly administration in the context of T-2-induced toxicity may help attenuate systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, possibly through modulation of gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).

PMID 42720699
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PubMedHemoglobin2026-09-10

Co-Heredity of (-α)20.5 Deletion and IVS I-1 G > A (HBB: C.92 + 1 G > A) Mutations in a Pediatric Patient: A Cause of Moderate Anemia Phenotype?

Uçucu Süheyl S, Azik Fatih M FM

Alpha- and beta-thalassemia are inherited hemoglobinopathies caused by defects in the α- and β-globin genes, with carrier states typically showing mild or no clinical manifestations. However, co-inheritance of different globin gene defects may result in a more severe or atypical phenotype. Here, we report a unique case of co-inherited rare -α20.5 deletion, associated with α-thalassemia carrier status, and the common IVS-I-1 G > A (HBB: c0.92 + 1G > A) splice-site mutation, associated with β0-thalassemia trait. To our knowledge, this combination has not been previously reported. The proband, diagnosed at six months of age with α- and β-thalassemia carrier states, underwent MLPA for α-globin and Sanger sequencing for β-globin genes. Although both variants are pathogenic and typically cause mild microcytic erythrocytosis individually, their co-inheritance caused marked globin chain imbalance, resulting in moderate microcytic anemia and requiring red blood cell transfusion at six months. During follow-up, a gradual improvement in hematologic parameters was observed, coinciding with a physiological decline in HbF levels, strengthened erythropoietic adaptation, and maturation of iron metabolism. By 15 months of age, hemoglobin, MCV, and MCH values had normalized. This clinical trajectory suggests that the simultaneous presence of α- and β-globin gene defects may exacerbate the phenotype during the neonatal period, but the imbalance may decrease as developmental adaptation progresses.This study represents the first reported case describing the phenotype associated with the co-inheritance of the -α20.5 deletion and the IVS-I-1 G > A mutation, providing novel insight into the clinical consequences of this rare genetic combination. Therefore, larger cohort studies are warranted.

PMID 42717792
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PubMedFrontiers in psychiatry2026-09-10

Tai Chi modulates resting alpha and theta EEG rhythms in female individuals with amphetamine-type stimulant dependence during compulsory detoxification.

Wang Ruzhen R, Chen Jingyi J, Zhu Dong D

Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS), primarily methamphetamine, are currently the most frequently abused illicit drugs in China, causing profound neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment, particularly in women. While exercise-based rehabilitation such as Tai Chi has shown benefits for sleep, mood, and executive function, its specific neurophysiological mechanisms in addiction recovery remain unclear. Thirty-two female individuals with ATS dependence from a compulsory rehabilitation center were randomly assigned to a Tai Chi group (n=16) or a matched-intensity control group (routine physical rehabilitation; n=16). The intervention lasted 6 months (three 60-min sessions/week). Resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded pre-intervention, post-intervention, and immediately after a 20-min acute exercise bout. Alpha (7.5-12.5 Hz) and theta (4-7.5 Hz) power were analyzed across 15 scalp electrodes. Of the 32 randomized participants, 25 completed the full 6-month intervention (Tai Chi: n=14; Control: n=11), and 24 participants (Tai Chi: n=13; Control: n=11) provided usable EEG data at all assessment points and were included in the primary neurophysiological analyses. After the 6-month intervention, both groups exhibited significant reductions in resting alpha and theta power across multiple cortical regions (p<0.05), indicating a general modulation and reduction of cortical oscillatory activity. Acutely, however, Tai Chi elicited significantly higher alpha and theta power in widespread frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital regions compared to treadmill exercise (p ≤ 0.05). Notably, these acute comparisons reflect post-exercise group differences rather than within-group changes from an acute pre-exercise baseline, as no pre-exercise EEG was recorded immediately before the acute bout. Long-term moderate-intensity exercise effectively modulates resting EEG rhythms among female individuals with ATS dependence. Furthermore, an acute bout of Tai Chi is associated with a distinct pattern of EEG changes consistent with greater cortical relaxation and internal focus compared to conventional exercise. These findings suggest that Tai Chi serves as a neurophysiologically meaningful, low-cost adjunctive therapy for cognitive and emotional rehabilitation in compulsory detoxification settings. However, the absence of a non-exercise control group, healthy normative data, and immediate pre-exercise EEG recordings precludes causal attribution of these changes solely to Tai Chi or definitive claims of physiological 'normalization'.

PMID 42719036
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PubMedChemistry & biodiversity2026-09-10

Combining Phytochemical and Computational Approach on Citrus hystrix DC. (Kaffir Lime) Peel Extract: Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

Soundara Rajan Malathy M, Palaniyandi Sankarganesh S, Sunkar Swetha S

The peel of Citrus hystrix DC. (kaffir lime), an underexploited agro-industrial by-product, may have bioactives. This work tested the ethanolic extract of C. hystrix peel's (EeChP) phytochemicals by GC-MS profiling, and the antidiabetic effect was evaluated using the alpha-amylase inhibitory test, and the anti-inflammatory activity was done using the human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane model. The antibacterial effect was determined using the agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Major constituents subjected to pharmacokinetic and ADMET filtering, molecular docking, Gene Ontology (GO), and KEGG pathway analysis for mechanistic plausibility. The GC-MS detected 44 phytoconstituents, including limonene, γ-sitosterol, and β-amyrin. EeChP inhibited α-amylase (IC50 = 80.97 µg/mL) and the stabilized HRBC membrane (IC50 = 64 µg/mL). The extract demonstrated substantial antibacterial action against S. aureus (IZD = 6 mm at 200 µg/well) but failed against E. coli. The β-amyrin and scoparone were found to be non-toxic. Scoparone and carbonic anhydrase 12 were connected with β-amyrin and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 1. EeChP has anti-diabetic, multi-target, modulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects. The results recommend C. hystrix peel's bioresource potential, but enzyme kinetics, antimicrobial MIC, and in vivo research are necessary. The research has contributed to accomplishing SDG 3 and SDG 12.

PMID 42720104
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PubMedBMC pediatrics2026-09-10

Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Preschool Eating, Lifestyle, and Sleeping Attitudes (PRELSA) scale.

Bolacali Edanur Tar ET, Bolacali Memiş M

Childhood obesity in preschool years is strongly influenced by modifiable parental attitudes and behaviors. This study examined the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Preschool Eating, Lifestyle, and Sleeping Attitudes (PRELSA) Scale, which assesses parental attitudes related to childhood obesity during the preschool period. This methodological study was conducted with 460 parents of children aged 2-6 years from seven preschools in Central Anatolia, Türkiye. Data were collected using a family and child information form and the PRELSA Scale. The adaptation process included forward-backward translation, expert review, face validity assessment, and psychometric evaluation. Data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach's alpha, test-retest reliability, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The Turkish version comprised 39 items across 13 subscales. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.887. Exploratory factor analysis explained 58.5% of the total variance, with factor loadings ranging from 0.353 to 0.890. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable model fit (χ²/df = 1.434, RMSEA = 0.031, SRMR = 0.046, CFI = 0.904, IFI = 0.907, GFI = 0.911, TLI = 0.888). Test-retest reliability was high (r = 0.911), and the ICC was 0.865 (95% CI: 0.738-0.933), indicating good temporal stability. The Turkish PRELSA Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing parental attitudes toward eating behaviors, physical activity, screen use, and sleep routines in early childhood.

PMID 42717323
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PubMedAnnals of translational medicine2026-09-10

The potential of large language models to address patients' preoperative questions before anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery.

Yamazawa Erika E, Rifi Ziad Z, Houten John K JK, Lin James D JD et al.

Patients increasingly use large language models (LLMs) to obtain medical information, including preoperative guidance. However, the quality of LLM-generated responses to questions regarding anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) remains unclear. This study evaluated the performance of GPT-5 and GROK 4 in answering common preoperative ACDF questions. We hypothesized that both models would provide generally accurate and comprehensible responses while demonstrating limitations in completeness, clinical nuance, and personalization. As an expert-rated pilot study, eighteen frequently asked ACDF preoperative questions were independently entered into GPT-5 and GROK 4 without additional prompting. Responses were evaluated by three attending spine neurosurgeons and one neurosurgery resident using 5-point Likert scales for accuracy, completeness, and comprehensibility. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and ordinal Krippendorff's alpha. Readability was measured using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL). Mean accuracy scores were identical for GPT-5 and GROK 4 (4.52). GROK 4 demonstrated higher completeness (4.61 vs. 4.26), whereas GPT-5 showed higher comprehensibility (4.74 vs. 4.41). Inter-attending ICC values were low (0.12-0.21), while Krippendorff's alpha indicated very high ordinal consistency despite restricted score variance. Agreement between the attending mean score and resident ratings was moderate (ICC ≈0.51-0.52). FKGL scores were approximately 10 for both models. LLMs provide generally accurate and understandable responses to common ACDF preoperative questions but lack nuanced risk stratification and individualized clinical guidance. These findings support their use as adjuncts, rather than replacements, for physician-led counseling.

PMID 42719270
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