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azithromycin (Azimac)

✓ Approved

Beijing Holley-Cotec Pharma · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 azithromycin？

azithromycin 是一种小分子，由Beijing Holley-Cotec Pharma研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Azimac
公司Beijing Holley-Cotec Pharma
药物类别小分子
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Beijing Holley-Cotec Pharma

治疗适应症

azithromycin 针对 8 个适应症，涉及 3 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsLower respiratory tract infection✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsOtitis media✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsSinusitis✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsTonsillitis✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsUrinary tract infection✓ Approved

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相关研究文献

PubMedJournal of environmental sciences (China)2026-07-25

Occurrence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella species with resistance genes in recreational surface waters in southern Illinois.

Owusu Ansah Richard R, Dimpor Jimmy Jackson JJ, Watts Samuel S, Kusi Joseph J

The increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment poses a significant threat to public health. In the United States, AMR Salmonella species are associated with over 200,000 human infections annually. Salmonella spp. are frequently detected in aquatic environments, raising concerns about AMR in natural recreational waters. This study investigated the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella spp. in Horseshoe Lake and Richland Creek in southern Illinois, USA. Antimicrobial susceptibility of 47 Salmonella isolates was determined using the Kirby-Bauer and broth microdilution assays. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates were screened for resistance genes, and species identity was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Salmonella isolates showed resistance to ampicillin (70 %), azithromycin (57 %), tetracycline (34 %), gentamicin (9 %), ciprofloxacin (6 %), and nalidixic acid (6 %). Ten isolates were MDR, all exceeding the ampicillin resistance breakpoint, with seven surpassing the tetracycline threshold. Integron or plasmid-borne resistance genes (blaTEM, AmpC, and sul2) were detected in 100 %, 70 %, and 10 % of the MDR strains, respectively. Additional resistance determinants (qnrB, qnrA, and qnrS) were detected in 70 %, 40 %, and 20 % of the MDR strains, respectively. All 10 MDR strains were identified as Salmonella spp.; seven Salmonella enterica and three Salmonella bongori. Multiple antibiotic resistance indices were highest at Richland Creek near urban areas and a wastewater treatment plant, reflecting land use influence on AMR. These findings highlight the need for integrated AMR control under a One Health approach to protect global health.

PMID 42498348
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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-07-24

Effectiveness and tolerability of cephalexin and clavulanic acid fixed dose combination, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid fixed dose combination, and azithromycin in patients with pharyngitis in India: a real-world retrospective study from electronic medical records (PHARYSPOR).

Sarof Subramanyam S, Somana Nikita Kariappa NK, S Ravindra Channagiri RC, Venkataram Ramesh Chinthalapalli RC et al.

Acute pharyngitis is a common condition in outpatient departments. Increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) necessitates careful prescribing practices. A new fixed-dose combination (FDC) of cephalexin-clavulanate has been approved in India for bacterial infections. This real-world evidence (RWE) study assessed the effectiveness and tolerability of cephalexin-CV compared to co-amoxiclav FDC and azithromycin in adult patients with acute bacterial pharyngitis. This retrospective, multicenter, comparative observational study (CTRI/2023/08/056474; Registered on: 14 Aug 2023) analyzed aggregated and anonymized electronic medical records (EMRs) of adults with clinically suspected acute bacterial pharyngitis who received study medications between November 2022 and March 2023. Patients with incomplete records, hospitalizations, or requiring parenteral antibiotics were excluded. Primary outcomes included the proportion of patients achieving clinical cure, i.e., complete resolution of symptoms (fever, sore throat, throat pain/difficulty during swallowing, inflammation of tonsils, alone or in combination) by Day 10 from treatment initiation. Secondary outcomes included time to clinical improvement (partial symptomatic resolution at Days 2, 3, 5, and 7 from treatment initiation), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) requirements, addition or change in antibiotics, and reported adverse events (AEs). The study analyzed 752 patient data treated with cephalexin-CV (n = 285), co-amoxiclav (n = 245), and azithromycin (n = 222) as per the eligibility criteria. The overall clinical cure rates achieved by Day 10, clinical improvement at Day 7, and the mean time to improvement were similar across all treatment groups. However, cephalexin-CV demonstrated early clinical improvement by Day 2 [27 vs. 18% for co-amoxiclav (p = 0.035) and 15% for azithromycin (p = 0.003)] and Day 3 [58 vs. 47% (p = 0.022) and 48% (p = 0.071), respectively]. The need for NSAIDs was similar for the cephalexin CV and co-amoxiclav groups at 46% each, but was significantly higher at 57% in the azithromycin group (p = 0.020). AEs were minimal across all groups, including mild gastritis in the cephalexin CV group and cough, rash, and joint pain in the azithromycin group. This first-of-its-kind EMR-based RWE study did not demonstrate any statistically significant differences in overall clinical outcomes or tolerability among patients with pharyngitis treated with cephalexin-CV, co-amoxiclav, or azithromycin. However, cephalexin-CV was associated with earlier symptom improvement and lower NSAID use, making it a promising option for the treatment of pharyngitis.

PMID 42494452
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PubMedMicrobiology spectrum2026-07-24

Escalation of CTX-M-producing extensively drug-resistant Shigella spp. in Kolkata, India, following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Bose Puja P, Halder Gourab G, Kayet Pratanu P, Chowdhury Goutam G et al.

Shigella spp. is recognized by the World Health Organization as a high-priority pathogen due to its global prevalence, unique pathogenic mechanisms, and growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Nearly half of all Shigella strains worldwide are now multidrug-resistant (MDR), and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) variants-resistant to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin-has severely limited effective treatment options. The present study is based on prospective laboratory surveillance involving 323 Shigella isolates collected during 2021-2023, with pre-COVID-19 pandemic data included from a previously published study solely for historical comparison. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was investigated, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on representative isolates to assess phylogenetic relatedness with global isolates. Approximately 10% of isolates exhibited resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. While only 3% of Shigella isolates carried the blaCTX-M-15 gene from 2013 to 2019, its prevalence increased to 26% by 2022-2023. Among 38 ceftriaxone-resistant S. sonnei isolates, 33 were also resistant to azithromycin, categorizing them as XDR. These isolates showed 48% clonal similarity and high phylogenetic resemblance to the isolates reported from England. Hybrid genome assembly revealed a plasmid harboring both the blaCTX-M-15 and mphA ARGs. Conjugation experiments and plasmid profiling confirmed the plasmid's transferability. We report a rising trend in third-generation cephalosporin resistance among Shigella spp., primarily driven by the spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing S. flexneri and the emergence of XDR S. sonnei. These findings underscore the urgent need for strengthened national AMR containment strategies and enhanced international surveillance of cephalosporin-resistant Shigella to mitigate this growing public health threat.IMPORTANCEShigella is a leading cause of diarrheal disease globally and has been prioritized by the World Health Organization due to its rapid acquisition of antimicrobial resistance. Our prospective surveillance in Kolkata, India, reveals a worrisome escalation of third-generation cephalosporin resistance over the past decade, primarily associated with the spread of blaCTX-M-15 and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) S. sonnei. The detection of plasmids carrying both blaCTX-M-15 and mphA, coupled with evidence of their transferability, highlights the potential for accelerated dissemination of multidrug resistance. When compared with a global data set of international genomes, the Kolkata XDR isolates were found to cluster closely with isolates reported from England. By linking local surveillance with global genomic context, our findings provide critical insights for treatment guidelines, antimicrobial stewardship, and the design of international containment strategies aimed at curbing the rise of cephalosporin- and azithromycin-resistant Shigella.

PMID 42496106
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PubMedJournal of clinical periodontology2026-07-24

Surgical Therapy for Peri-Implantitis Using Deproteinised Bovine Bone Mineral With 10% Collagen, Enamel Matrix Derivative and Doxycycline: A Prospective Cohort 10-Year Implant Study.

Mercado Faustino F, Ivanovski Saso S

To assess 10-year implant survival following surgical management of peri-implantitis using deproteinised bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBMC), enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and doxycycline powder. The original population comprised 30 non-smoking, periodontally stable patients (mean age = 44.9 ± 11 years; 64% female; full-mouth plaque and bleeding score < 20%, no bleeding residual periodontal pockets ≥ 4 mm), each with a single peri-implantitis-affected implant (bleeding on probing, probing depth > 6 mm, ≥ 20% radiographic bone loss, implants in function ≥ 2 years). The surgical procedure involved implant surface decontamination with 24% EDTA followed by defect fill with DBBMC/EMD/doxycycline mixture. Patients underwent individualised supportive peri-implant therapy (SPIT) comprising regular clinical monitoring, professional cleaning and antimicrobial protocols for 10 years. Twenty-nine of the 30 implants survived (96.6% survival rate). Mean probing depth decreased from 8.90 ± 1.9 mm to 3.06 ± 0.98 mm; radiographic bone loss improved from 57% ± 16.5% to 13% ± 2.5%. During 10-year SPIT, 12 implants required adjunctive azithromycin. Fifty-eight percent achieved the successful treatment outcome criterion (SOTC: probing depth < 5 mm, no bone loss 10% from baseline, absence of bleeding on probing/suppuration and recession < 0.5 mm anterior/1.5 mm posterior implants). Surgical management of peri-implantitis combined with DBBMC/EMD/doxycycline and personalised SPIT achieved high long-term implant survival and stable clinical outcomes over 10 years.

PMID 42492913
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PubMedJAC-antimicrobial resistance2026-07-24

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from Ethiopia, 2021 to 2023.

Derebe Mulatu Melese MM, Yu QinQin Q, Munshea Abaineh A, Wubetu Gizachew Yismaw GY et al.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is increasing globally, but some regions remain understudied. This study aimed to investigate the AMR phenotypes and genotypes of N. gonorrhoeae isolates from Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, and their phylogenetic relationship to global isolates. Endocervical and urethral swabs were collected from symptomatic patients at sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics from September 2021 to April 2023. The identified N. gonorrhoeae isolates (n = 70) were subjected to AMR phenotyping and WGS. We generated a recombination-corrected phylogeny with 724 global representative isolates and used phylodynamics to estimate the introduction times of isolates into Bahir Dar. All isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline but susceptible to ceftriaxone, cefixime, azithromycin, and spectinomycin (100% susceptibility); 67 (95.7%) were resistant to penicillin. WGS identified 14 MLSTs, with ST-1587 (54.3%) the dominant sequence type. AMR determinants correlated with phenotypic findings for all antimicrobials. The phylogenetic analysis suggested at least nine introductions of N. gonorrhoeae into Bahir Dar. The ST-1587 isolates were introduced recently, showing close genetic ties to global isolates sampled in 2018-2019 from Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania. ST-7827 displayed greater genetic divergence from global isolates. This study presents WGS of N. gonorrhoeae isolates from Ethiopia, uncovering diverse sequence types and multidrug resistance. These findings underscore the need for routine genomic surveillance, improved antimicrobial stewardship, and targeted public health interventions to combat the spread of AMR and improve STI management in Ethiopia.

PMID 42495448
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PubMedRSC advances2026-07-23

Synergistic bimetallic Fe-Cu@hydrochar composite for efficient pharmaceutical removal via coupled adsorption and Fenton-like catalysis.

Aslam Maria M, Khan Zia Ul Haq ZUH, Abdullah Mahmood M S MMS, Khan Amjad A et al.

Azithromycin (AZM), a commonly prescribed macrolide antibiotic, is an environmental contaminant that necessitates efficient removal methods. In this research, the synthesis of a novel Fe-Cu/hydrochar nanocomposite (Fe-Cu/HC) and its utilization for the removal of AZM through adsorption and a modified Fenton reaction have been investigated. The structure of the composite was characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, particle size distribution, zeta potential analysis, electrochemical polarization, and UV-DRS spectroscopy, which confirmed the successful loading of the Fe-Cu compounds onto the hydrochar support. The experimental conditions were optimized with respect to the pH, catalyst amount, concentration, temperature, and hydrogen peroxide concentration. A removal efficiency of ∼99% was achieved for the Fe-Cu/HC composite under optimal conditions, and an efficiency of 82-85% was observed even after five cycles, suggesting that the composite is stable. A comparison of both calcined and non-calcined composites showed that the calcined composite outperformed the non-calcined counterpart. Kinetics experiments compared pseudo 1st order and pseudo 2nd order models, with the pseudo 2nd order model giving the best fit, whereas for the equilibrium adsorption experiments, the Langmuir and Freundlich models were examined, and the Langmuir model gave the best fit.

PMID 42488803
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