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naproxen (naproxen, Verex / naproxen, Biovail)

✓ Approved

Bausch Health Companies Inc. · PTGS1 · 小分子

什么是 naproxen？

naproxen 是一种小分子，由Bausch Health Companies Inc.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名naproxen, Verex, naproxen, Biovail
公司Bausch Health Companies Inc.
药物类别小分子
分子靶点PTGS1, PTGS2
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Bausch Health Companies Inc.

作用机制

分子靶点

naproxen 作用于 2 个分子靶点：

PTGS1prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (COX3, PCOX1)
PTGS2prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (GRIPGHS, hCox-2)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

naproxen 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersMusculoskeletal pain✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedCompendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)2026-09-08

Avoiding Breakthrough Pain Following Dental Implant Surgery.

Hersh Elliot V EV, Moore Paul A PA, Theken Katherine N KN

Because dental implant post-surgical pain is mainly driven by inflammation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (eg, Advil\'ae, Motrin\'ae IB) or naproxen sodium (Aleve\'ae) are logical choices to address it. These drugs are highly efficacious, non-addicting, and generally well tolerated. Dental implant patients, however, are generally older than those having their impacted third molars removed and are, therefore, likely to present with more comorbidities and drug intake, leading to potentially more adverse effects and serious adverse drug interactions. Fortunately, pain following dental implant surgery is generally milder than that of impacted third molar surgery and is amenable to low over-the-counter (OTC) dosing regimens. Administering NSAIDs immediately after surgery before the local anesthesia has worn off and then around the clock for 2 to 3 days appears to be an effective strategy at not only preventing the onset of postoperative pain, but also diminishing breakthrough pain, which is typically seen with as-needed (PRN) dosing. Implant surgeons must be able to identify those patients in whom a short course of NSAIDs can be used safely and employ dosing strategies that provide optimal analgesic efficacy while limiting untoward events. This article discusses current recommendations for postoperative pain management in dental implant patients, emphasizing the role of NSAIDs while addressing patient-specific safety considerations.

PMID 42709029
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PubMedInternational journal of biological macromolecules2026-09-01

Enhancement of antibacterial activity and controlled drug release in Polyalphaolefins via chitosan-PAO Nanohybrid strategy.

Kheljani Somayyeh Sadat Afi SSA, Nekoomanesh-Haghighi Mehdi M, Atai Mohammad M, Kahkeshi Zahra Izadi ZI et al.

The synthesis of polyolefin (PO) nanocomposites remains a significant challenge. This study reports the development of an injectable and in-situ curable elastomeric nanohybrid, synthesized from a functionalized polyalphaolefin resin (ACPAO) and methacrylate-modified chitosan (MACS) nanofiller. The PAO resin, a co-oligomer of 1-hexene and 5-hexen-1-ol, was synthesized via cationic oligomerization and subsequent functionalization with acryloyl chloride to produce ACPAO. The curing process of the MACS+ ACPAO nanohybrid was achieved through visible light irradiation (blue light, λ ~ 475 nm). Crosslinking efficiency was assessed using time-strain-shrinkage and equilibrium swelling tests. The resulting nanocomposite (X-CSPAO) demonstrated high biocompatibility (96% in the MTT assay), favorable hydrophilicity (water contact angle of 61°), and antibacterial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, X-CSPAO nanocomposite was utilized for the drug delivery of Naproxen. The findings revealed a non-linear and pH-responsive release profile, with 63% of the drug released after 1 h at pH = 1.2, while only 23% was released after 24 h at pH = 7.4. Density functional theory calculations, combining energetic analysis and characterization of noncovalent interactions, revealed the different performance of the system depending on pH. These characteristics enhance the potential biomedical applications of X-CSPAO nanohybrid in targeted drug delivery systems. Grafting a silane agent onto the CS surface is a simple, functional, and cost-effective modification.

PMID 42680035
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PubMedTurkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation2026-08-28

Effect of Multimodal Pre-emptive Analgesia with Pregabalin Versus Naproxen on Post-Thoracotomy Pain and Opioid Consumption: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Das Prajjal P, Gupta Rajni R

Thoracotomy produces severe postoperative pain that limits deep breathing and coughing and may worsen recovery. Opioid-centred regimens can cause adverse effects; pre-emptive multimodal analgesia may reduce central sensitisation and opioid use. In this randomized, active-controlled, assessor-blinded trial (CTRI/2022/07/043800), adults aged 18-70 years (American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II) undergoing thoracotomy were randomized (39 per group) to receive oral pregabalin 2.5 mg kg-1 or oral naproxen 7 mg kg-1 (maximum 500 mg) 2 hours preoperatively. All patients received standardized general anaesthesia combined with thoracic epidural analgesia. Numerical rating scale (NRS) pain at rest and during deep breathing and coughing were assessed at 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours. A rescue opioid was administered when NRS exceeded 3. Time to first rescue, total 24-hour opioid consumption, number of rescue doses, sleep interference, and adverse events were recorded. Baseline demographics and perioperative haemodynamics were comparable. Resting pain scores and sleep interference were similar between groups. Pregabalin reduced opioid requirement: fewer patients required rescue analgesia (46.2% vs. 69.2%; P=0.042), time to first rescue was longer (7.6±3.1 vs. 5.4±2.8 h; P=0.001), and 24-hour opioid consumption was lower (6.2±3.0 vs. 8.6±3.4 mg morphine equivalents; P=0.001). Dynamic pain during deep breathing and coughing was lower with pregabalin at early time points; sedation was slightly higher at 2 hours, without significant adverse neurocognitive events. Pre-emptive pregabalin improved functional analgesia and produced an opioid-sparing effect compared with naproxen after thoracotomy, with acceptable short-term safety, thereby supporting enhanced recovery pathways.

PMID 42664442
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PubMedLife (Basel, Switzerland)2026-08-27

Toxicity of Some Natural Products in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Nunes Farias Gomes Keyla K, Dos Santos Galvão Raíssa Maria RM, Lidmar von Ranke Natalia N, Rodrigues Carlos Rangel CR et al.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects mainly peripheral joints because of inflammation of the synovial membrane. Current treatments, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticoids, although effective, are associated with high costs and several adverse effects. In this context, natural products have emerged as promising alternatives because of their potential therapeutic effects and lower toxicity. The objective of this review was to identify and evaluate natural substances with potential applications in RA treatment on the basis of studies published between 2015 and 2020. A literature search was conducted in SciELO, PubMed, and Google Scholar using the keywords "rheumatoid arthritis", "treatment", "toxicity", and "natural products". Additionally, we applied in silico methods to predict pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters using ADMET Predictor® (Simulation Plus) and compared the results with those of commercial drugs such as diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen. Target fishing (reverse docking) was also performed to identify possible molecular targets related to RA. Seven natural compounds were identified, mostly evaluated through in vivo studies. Among them, paeoniflorin, quercetin, resveratrol, and celastrol are in clinical phases and present potential as RA treatments. In silico analysis highlighted curcumin, tetramethylpyrazine, and resveratrol as the most promising candidates, with ADMET profiles comparable or superior to those of current NSAIDs. In conclusion, natural products represent viable alternatives for RA therapy. However, further studies are essential to better understand their safety, pharmacokinetics, and drug interactions to ensure their clinical applicability.

PMID 42653007
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PubMedRSC advances2026-08-22

UV LED disinfection efficacy and the impacts on micropollutants during wastewater recycling processes.

Bláhová Lucie L, Bittner Michal M, Bočková Kateřina K, Mokráčková Nina N et al.

Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes (UV LEDs) are an emerging, innovative technology for final-stage water purification and disinfection, yet their application in wastewater recycling at pilot scale remains largely unexplored. The present study evaluated UV LED systems during pilot testing at a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), demonstrating effective disinfection of about 2-3 log inactivation. UV irradiation caused photolysis of four tested pharmaceuticals (naproxen, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin) with 16-60% degradation observed. Conversely, acetaminophen (ACE) concentrations increased 2-3-fold following UV irradiation, a finding confirmed in follow-up laboratory experiments of UV-induced degradation of conjugated metabolites, known to be excreted in human urine. This highlights the need to improve conventional environmental risk assessments to account for the release of micropollutants from their conjugates, which may substantially increase risks to the aquatic environment. The study further demonstrates that water matrix composition - particularly the presence of organic matter - substantially influences UV-induced photochemical reactions. Overall, UV LEDs show strong potential as an efficient disinfection technology for treated wastewater reuse, though further research is needed to evaluate their performance against diverse microorganisms, micropollutants, and their metabolites in highly complex wastewater matrices.

PMID 42630635
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PubMedClinical and experimental reproductive medicine2026-08-21

Naproxen at environmentally relevant doses modulates ovarian folliculogenesis: Morphometric analysis and Bcl-2 immunohistochemical expression in Wistar rats after chronic exposure.

Ouadah Angham A, Benbia Souheyla S, Belkhiri Yamina Y, Bennani Safa Mouaki SM et al.

Naproxen has received considerable attention due to its environmental persistence and incomplete removal during wastewater treatment. This study evaluated the ovarian toxicity of naproxen at an environmentally relevant dose to assess its potential reproductive risks. Female Wistar albino rats were exposed for 100 days to naproxen alone (98.39 μg/L) or to a mixture containing naproxen (98.39 μg/L), ibuprofen (117.14 μg/L), diclofenac (609.12 μg/L), and trifloxystrobin (0.04 mg/kg/day) at a 4:1:3:2 ratio. Ovarian tissues were analyzed for oxidative stress biomarkers, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression, and follicle counts. Serum was analyzed for interleukin 6 (IL-6) and progesterone concentrations. Compared with controls, both treated groups had a significantly higher ovary index, lower catalase activity, and lower progesterone levels, whereas body weight, malondialdehyde levels, and serum IL-6 levels did not differ significantly. Morphometric and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated reduced preantral follicle counts and Bcl-2 expression in the treated groups. Chronic exposure to naproxen, alone or in combination, at an environmentally relevant dose was associated with ovarian dysfunction, impaired progesterone production and antioxidant status, and disrupted ovarian follicle dynamics.

PMID 42625320
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