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leptospirosis vaccine

✓ Approved

China National Pharmaceutical · 疫苗 · 疫苗

什么是 leptospirosis vaccine？

leptospirosis vaccine 是一种疫苗，由China National Pharmaceutical研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)。

药物档案

公司China National Pharmaceutical
药物类别疫苗
给药途径Injectable (Others)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, China National Pharmaceutical

相关研究文献

PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Untangling the Roots of HPV Vaccine Acceptance in West Virginia: How Hesitancy and Misinformation Shape Parental Decisions.

Guidry Jeanine P D JPD, Laestadius Linnea I LI, Engbersen-Severijns Yil Y, Miller Carrie A CA et al.

West Virginia is of particular concern regarding HPV vaccine hesitancy, currently ranking 45th among U.S. states in HPV vaccine uptake. General vaccine hesitancy and HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation, both associated with lower vaccination, have increased in recent years, complicating efforts to identify key drivers of HPV vaccine acceptance and effective intervention targets. This study used a Qualtrics survey of n = 330 parents of children aged 0-14 in West Virginia. Measures included parental HPV vaccine acceptance for their youngest child (reflecting either completed vaccination or intention to vaccinate), general vaccine hesitancy measured using the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS), and endorsement of nine common HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation statements. Misinformation items were summed and demonstrated good internal reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.868). Hierarchical logistic regression analyses indicated significant racial/ethnic differences across all model steps, with non-White parents less likely to report HPV vaccine acceptance for their child (p < 0.001). In Step 2, lower levels of general vaccine hesitancy predicted higher HPV vaccine acceptance (p < 0.001). In the final model, higher endorsement of HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation was associated with lower HPV vaccine acceptance (p = 0.035). These findings underscore the independent and additive influence of general vaccine hesitancy and HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation on parental HPV vaccine acceptance in West Virginia. Community-engaged public health strategies should prioritize strengthening vaccine confidence and directly addressing HPV- and HPV vaccine-specific misinformation, particularly among underserved populations.

PMID 42506645
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Intent and Associated Factors Among the Unvaccinated University Freshmen in the Largest University Town in China.

Yao Hongcen H, Lu Hongmei H, Zhu Qi Q, Shen Jinhua J et al.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been proven a safe, necessary, and effective measure against HPV infection. However, HPV vaccine uptake remains limited among university students in China. This study investigated HPV vaccine intent among university freshmen in the largest university town in China. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among unvaccinated female and male freshmen attending seven universities in Songjiang University Town, Shanghai, during 2024-2025. The questionnaire collected sociodemographic characteristics, HPV and HPV-vaccine-related knowledge, awareness, and vaccine intent. Factors associated with HPV vaccine intent were determined. Results: A total of 3397 valid questionnaires were collected, including female (60.02%) and male (39.98%) university freshmen. Overall, 76.12% were aware of HPV, 80.98% were aware of the HPV vaccine, and 84.31% expressed vaccine intent, with significantly higher rates among females than males (each p < 0.001). Socioeconomics, knowledge, awareness, sexual behavior, and HPV testing history were significantly associated with vaccine intent (each p < 0.05). The most common reason for no intent was perceived low risk of HPV-related diseases (40.53%). The most expected improvement measures were regulatory confirmation of vaccine safety and effectiveness (37.71%) and healthcare professionals' recommendations (37.71%), with no gender difference (each p > 0.05). Notably, 4.00% refused HPV vaccination, regardless of improvement measures. Additionally, most respondents preferred financial supporting policies, regardless of gender or vaccine intent (each p > 0.05). Conclusions: University freshmen showed the disparity between high awareness/intent and low knowledge. Financial considerations may influence HPV vaccination decisions. Thus, improving knowledge, particularly among males, and providing financial support may enhance HPV vaccine intent.

PMID 42506658
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PubMedZhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]2026-07-27

[Research progress in combination vaccines containing sabin strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine].

Fu Y X YX, Cai L K LK, Liang J L JL, Zhao T T et al.

Sabin strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine (sIPV), derived from attenuated Sabin poliovirus strains, has emerged as a promising alternative to both oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and conventional inactivated poliovirus vaccine (cIPV). It eliminates the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and the emergence of vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs). In addition, sIPV demonstrates superior biosafety and vaccine safety during production and administration compared with cIPV. The integration of sIPV into combination vaccines with other routine immunization antigens can reduce the number of injections and streamline immunization schedules, making sIPV-containing combination vaccines a key focus of recent research. Japan launched the world's first sIPV-containing tetravalent vaccine in 2012, followed by the introduction of an sIPV-containing pentavalent vaccine in 2024. In China, a standalone sIPV was licensed in 2015, and multiple sIPV-containing combination vaccines are currently in clinical trials or preclinical development. The primary challenges for these vaccines include antigen compatibility within combination formulations and the scalability of sIPV production. Future strategies, such as the use of innovative adjuvants and intradermal administration, may enable antigen-sparing approaches. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the development and application of sIPV-containing combination vaccines, aiming to inform and guide ongoing vaccine research and development in China.

PMID 42503940
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Parental Vaccine Hesitancy in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey in the United States, 2025.

Duza Syeda Sharmin SS, Blackburn Christine Crudo CC, Rico Mayra M, Boyce Matthew R MR

Background/Objectives: Vaccine hesitancy has long been recognized to pose a significant barrier to achieving optimal immunization coverage and as a leading public health threat. However, much of the existing research on parental hesitancy toward routine childhood vaccines was conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Acknowledging the impact that this public health emergency had on attitudes toward vaccination, there is a need to conduct additional research into contemporary predictors of parental vaccine hesitancy. Methods: We conducted a survey in August 2025 to characterize vaccine hesitancy attitudes in parents in the United States. A series of 10 statements about vaccines was presented to study participants, who were asked to indicate their agreement with the statements using 5-point Likert scales. A vaccine hesitancy index measure was then calculated by averaging the scores, where higher scores corresponded to higher levels of vaccine hesitancy. A hierarchical regression analysis was then conducted to identify participant characteristics that were associated with vaccine hesitancy. Results: A total of 1016 individuals were included in the analysis. Simple linear regression suggested that education, annual household income, and politics were associated with vaccine hesitancy. The fully adjusted multiple linear regression model that accounted for participant demographic, socioeconomic, geographic, and political characteristics suggested significant associations between race, education, and partisanship. Conclusions: Significant associations exist between parental vaccine hesitancy and race, education, and partisanship. These results contribute to our understanding of vaccine hesitancy in a post-COVID-19 world and suggest that social, educational, and political factors meaningfully influence parental vaccine hesitancy in the United States.

PMID 42506638
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PubMedVaccines2026-07-27

Vaccine Hesitancy Among Caregivers in China: Associations of Misinterpreted AEFI, Compensation Awareness, and Institutional Trust.

Xu Binyue B, Wang Qing Q, Xu Jiawei J, Bai Ningpei N et al.

Vaccine hesitancy remains a major global public health challenge despite high immunization coverage. While concerns about adverse events following immunization (AEFI) are widely recognized, limited attention has been paid to caregivers' ability to distinguish vaccine-related adverse reactions from coincidental illnesses, as well as to the associations of compensation awareness and institutional trust with vaccination decisions. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and March 2025 among 3497 caregivers of children aged 0-6 years using multistage random sampling. Data were collected on AEFI knowledge (including understanding of coincidental illnesses), compensation mechanism awareness, institutional trust, and vaccination behaviors. Vaccine hesitancy was assessed using a self-reported measure and the WHO SAGE Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS). Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate factors associated with hesitancy scores. The prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 8.6%, with a mean VHS score of 23.2 ± 4.2. Although general awareness of AEFI reached 90.0%, correct understanding of coincidental illnesses was only 25.7%. Higher AEFI knowledge and compensation awareness were associated with lower hesitancy scores, whereas distrust in compensation mechanisms and perceived vaccine unsafety were associated with higher hesitancy. Coverage of national immunization program (NIP) vaccines exceeded 90%, while uptake of self-paid vaccines varied from 46.7% to 89.7%. Vaccine hesitancy among caregivers was associated with cognitive understanding, economic considerations, and institutional trust. Limited understanding of coincidental illnesses may be associated with increased concerns about vaccine safety, while compensation awareness and institutional trust were associated with lower levels of vaccine hesitancy. Strengthening communication on AEFI causality and improving transparency of compensation policies may help reduce vaccine hesitancy and support immunization programs in settings with mixed public-private financing systems.

PMID 42506614
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PubMedZhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]2026-07-27

[Ethical considerations for investigator-initiated vaccine clinical trials in China].

Yang L S LS, Yuan M J MJ, Xu B Y BY, Wei M W MW et al.

Investigator-initiated vaccine clinical trials are an important branch of Investigator-Initiated Trials (IIT), focusing on scientific issues such as vaccine protective efficacy, rare adverse reactions, optimization of vaccination strategies, and exploration of immune mechanisms. By systematically sorting out the development of ethical requirements related to IIT in China, this paper compares in depth the common requirements of investigator-initiated vaccine clinical trials and registered vaccine clinical trials in terms of informed consent and ethical review, and specifically analyzes the special ethical considerations regarding conflicts of interest and research on special populations. At the same time, it discusses the ethical issues and challenges faced by emergency ethical review and informed consent in the conduct of investigator-initiated vaccine clinical research in the context of public health emergencies, aiming to promote its standardized development under the dual framework of social value and scientific value.

PMID 42503943
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