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sumatriptan (Alsuma autoinjector / sumatriptan, King / Alsuma)

✓ Approved

US WorldMeds, LLC · HTR1D · 小分子

什么是 sumatriptan？

sumatriptan 是一种小分子，由US WorldMeds, LLC研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

商品名Alsuma autoinjector, sumatriptan, King, Alsuma
公司US WorldMeds, LLC
药物类别小分子
分子靶点HTR1D
给药途径Injectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, US WorldMeds, LLC

作用机制

分子靶点

sumatriptan 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

HTR1D5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D (HTR1DA, HT1DA)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

sumatriptan 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Nervous system disordersMigraine✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2026-07-27

Outcomes of Therapeutic and Tectonic Penetrating Keratoplasty for Advanced Corneal Disease.

AlOtaibi Majidah M, Jomar Deema E DE, Ahad Muhammad Ali MA

To evaluate graft survival, clinical outcomes, and prognostic factors after therapeutic and tectonic penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in a tertiary eye care center in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of all patients who underwent therapeutic or tectonic PKP between June 2014 and December 2020 at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Inclusion criteria required at least a two-year follow-up for clear grafts. Data collected included demographics, preoperative characteristics, surgical details, postoperative visual acuity, graft survival, and complications. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed, and risk factors for graft failure were evaluated. Ninety eyes from 90 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 52.0 ± 23.5 years, and 55.5% of patients were male. The mean follow-up was 3.8 ± 1.2 years (range 2.1-6.4 years). The most common indication was microbial keratitis (76.7%), followed by autoimmune disease (8.9%) and trauma (5.6%). The mean donor graft size was 8.91 ± 1.67 mm. Kaplan-Meier cumulative graft survival was 48.2% at 1 year, 27.8% at 2 years, and 24.4% at 3 and 4 years. Larger graft size was the only significant risk factor for graft failure (p < 0.001). The most common complications were glaucoma (46.6%), persistent epithelial defect (37.8%), and persistent infection (31.0%). Visual acuity improved in 10.0%, remained stable in 75.6%, and deteriorated in 14.4% of cases. Therapeutic and tectonic PKP preserved globe integrity in most eyes but were associated with poor graft survival, limited visual recovery, and frequent postoperative complications in this high-risk cohort. These findings are consistent with presentation at an advanced stage of disease in a tertiary referral setting, as reflected by large graft size and poor baseline visual acuity.

PMID 42504264
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PubMedPharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)2026-07-27

Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors and Hyperkalemia-Related Discontinuation of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors During Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Therapy: A Real-World Cohort Study.

Almalki Abdullah Hashim AH, Alorainan Nourah Abdulaziz NA, Bukhari Muhjah Abdulhakim MA, Dokhaikh Fahad Ali FA et al.

Background: Hyperkalemia (HK) is a common complication of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASi) therapy, and the risk is often increased by concomitant use of a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA). The effect of SGLT2i co-prescription on this risk in routine clinical practice remains incompletely understood. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a published retrospective cohort of 905 adult RAASi users attending outpatient clinics at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (IRB: NRJ22J/279/11), followed for a median of 28 months. Patients were classified as RAASi alone (n = 723) or RAASi plus MRA (n = 182). Beta-blockers and digoxin were excluded from the exposure definition. Effect modification by SGLT2i was assessed using logistic regression with a multiplicative interaction term. Results: MRA addition was associated with significantly higher rates of any HK (48.4% vs. 28.9%; RR 1.67, 95% CI 1.38-2.02, p < 0.001) and moderate-to-severe HK (13.7% vs. 6.9%; RR 1.99, 95% CI 1.26-3.12, p = 0.003). Overall, RAASi discontinuation rates were similar between groups. SGLT2i co-prescription significantly modified the association between MRA use and HK-driven RAASi discontinuation (interaction p = 0.004): among patients without SGLT2i, MRA addition was associated with a more than 5-fold increase in HK-driven discontinuation (21.1% vs. 4.1%; RR 5.11, p = 0.001), whereas no significant excess risk was observed among SGLT2i users (1.8% vs. 4.2%; RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.12-1.57, p = 0.190), although this subgroup estimate was imprecise. CKD (aOR 2.16, 95% CI 1.56-2.99) and age ≥ 75 years (aOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.04-2.58) were the strongest independent predictors of HK. Conclusions: MRA addition to RAASi substantially increases HK burden, and SGLT2i co-prescription appears to protect against HK-driven RAASi discontinuation in combined RAASi-MRA-treated patients. In patients with established indications for SGLT2i, co-prescription may confer the additional benefit of preserving RAASi continuity in the setting of MRA combination therapy.

PMID 42506781
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PubMedNursing reports (Pavia, Italy)2026-07-27

Nurses' Pain Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceived Barriers to Timely Analgesia in a Saudi Tertiary Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Abudawood Khulud Adel KA, Almutairi Rawan R

Pain is highly prevalent during hospitalization, and inadequate assessment contributes to avoidable suffering, prolonged length of stay, and increased resource use. Nurses play a central role in pain assessment, timely analgesic administration, patient education, and escalation of care. Background/Objectives: This study assessed nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain assessment and management and examined perceived causes of delayed pain treatment and perceived barriers to timely pain control at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in inpatient and outpatient departments at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (August-December 2023). Registered nurses providing direct patient care were recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic and clinical practice questionnaire, the Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (NKASRP), and an adopted instrument assessing perceived causes of delayed pain treatment and perceived barriers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, two-tailed t-tests, one-way ANOVA with assumption checks and post hoc testing, Pearson correlations, and multiple linear regression. Results: A total of 125 nurses participated; 95.2% were female and 80.8% held a bachelor's degree. The mean NKASRP composite score was 46.69% (SD = 9.90), indicating a suboptimal knowledge-and-attitudes profile. Age group was significantly associated with NKASRP scores (F = 5.136, p = 0.007), and age remained the only significant independent predictor in the multivariable model (b = 0.055, p = 0.006). The most frequently perceived delay was contacting a physician for opioid prescription (58.4%), followed by obtaining opioids from the pharmacy (46.4%). Major perceived barriers included insufficient staff-patient communication (60.0%), insufficient patient knowledge of pain control (52.8%), and inadequate staffing (49.6%). Conclusions: Nurses demonstrated a low composite knowledge-and-attitudes score and reported communication, workflow, and system-related barriers relevant to timely analgesia. These findings support further prospective evaluation of targeted educational and system-level strategies in similar settings.

PMID 42506032
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PubMedJournal of cardiovascular development and disease2026-07-27

The Contemporary Role of Intracoronary Physiological Assessment: Fractional Flow Reserve, Non-Hyperemic Pressure Ratios, Wireless Technologies, and Microcirculation.

Triantafyllis Andreas S AS, Kotoulas Sotirios C SC, Xenogiannis Iosif I, Poulimenos Leonidas E LE et al.

Background/Objectives: Angiographic stenosis severity and functional significance are discordant in up to 65% of intermediate coronary lesions. Fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has shown better clinical outcomes than standard angiography-guided PCI, therefore functional significance defines revascularization. This review evaluates the contemporary evidence for intracoronary physiology assessment tools, such as FFR, non-hyperemic pressure ratios (NHPRs), angiography-derived wire-free indices, and microvascular function testing, and proposes a framework for their implementation into clinical practice. Methods: We conducted a narrative review, synthesizing data from landmark randomized controlled trials (DEFER, FAME I-III, DANAMI-3-PRIMULTI, COMPARE-ACUTE, DEFINE-FLAIR, iFR-SWEDEHEART, iMODERN, FAVOR III China and Europe, FAST III, ALL-RISE, CorMicA), along with pooled analyses, meta-analyses, position papers, and relevant guidelines. Results: FFR-guided revascularization resulted in a 28% reduction in cardiac death or myocardial infarction in pooled analyses (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.54-0.96). leading to a Class I, Level A indication. NHPRs, including iFR, achieved non-inferiority to the FFR at 1 year; however, a 5-year pooled meta-analysis raised concerns of increased all-cause mortality with iFR guidance compared to the FFR (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.08-1.67). Approximately 20% of lesions show FFR-iFR discordance, driven by vessel-specific physiology and microvascular factors. Wire-free technologies yielded conflicting results: the FAVOR III China trial favored the QFR over angiography, yet FAVOR III Europe failed non-inferiority versus the FFR, while the recent FAST III and ALL-RISE trials demonstrated the non-inferiority of angiography-derived physiology at 1 year. Up to 40% of patients with angina have non-obstructed coronary arteries, and coronary vasomotor function testing can identify treatable microvascular endotypes improving symptoms and quality of life. Conclusions: Functional invasive coronary angiography is advocated to decipher vessel hemodynamics and to guide treatment. The FFR remains the gold standard for invasive physiological assessments, while NHPRs and wire-free technologies are valuable adjuncts with specific indications and limitations. A thorough microvascular evaluation is essential for differentiating between various INOCA endotypes and is gradually being adopted by the interventional community. While NHPRs and virtual technologies struggle to dethrone the king FFR, a comprehensive intracoronary physiology assessment is essential to guide treatment.

PMID 42505877
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PubMedCureus2026-07-26

Correction: Prevalence of Dumping Syndrome and Its Determinants Among Post-Bariatric Surgery Adult Patients at King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, 2019-2020.

Alsulami Ibrahim I, Fathaldin Ahmad A, Alghamdi Thamer T, Saud Faisal F et al.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32630.].

PMID 42502306
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PubMedCureus2026-07-26

Recurrence of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Glomerulonephritis Following Kidney Transplantation: A Case Report With an Institutional Registry Review From Saudi Arabia.

Askandarani Sumayah S, Alshehabi Khadija M KM, Akkari Khalid K, Alghamdi Abdulaziz S AS et al.

Background Recurrence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) following kidney transplantation is uncommon but may result in significant graft dysfunction and poor clinical outcomes. Data regarding recurrence after transplantation remains limited, particularly in the Middle East. Methods We present a case of early recurrent ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis following kidney transplantation, supported by a retrospective review of our institutional kidney transplant registry at King Fahad Specialist Hospital in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Between 2008 and 2026, six patients underwent kidney transplantation for AAV-related end-stage kidney disease among 2306 kidney transplant recipients. Results Among 2306 kidney transplantations performed during the study period, six patients underwent transplantation for AAV-related end-stage kidney disease. Recurrence occurred in one patient (16.7%) and presented early in the post-transplant period with severe graft dysfunction. Histopathological evaluation demonstrated crescentic glomerulonephritis consistent with recurrent disease. Despite treatment with pulse corticosteroids and plasma exchange, the patient's clinical course was complicated by severe infectious complications resulting in death. The remaining five patients demonstrated generally favorable graft outcomes without evidence of recurrence during follow-up. Conclusion Recurrence of AAV after kidney transplantation remains uncommon. Although only one recurrence was identified in our cohort, the disease followed an aggressive clinical course in this patient, underscoring the importance of early recognition and prompt histological confirmation. Larger multicenter studies are needed to better define recurrence risk and optimize management strategies.

PMID 42502544
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