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griseofulvin (Grisol)

✓ Approved

Transdermal · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 griseofulvin？

griseofulvin 是一种小分子，由Transdermal研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Topical。

药物档案

商品名Grisol
公司Transdermal
药物类别小分子
给药途径Topical
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Transdermal

治疗适应症

griseofulvin 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
InvestigationsDermatologic examination✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedCancer treatment and research communications2026-09-08

Griseofulvin as a dual-action agent against glioblastoma: anti-tumor effect and enhancement of 5-ALA photodynamic diagnosis in stem-like cells.

Nishiwaki Takayuki T, Yamada Takumi T, Kudo Urara U, Nakamura Shinsuke S et al.

5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated photodynamic diagnosis (PDD), a standard surgical adjunct for glioblastoma (GBM), is limited in its efficacy by heterogeneous protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) accumulation. We investigated the drug repurposing potential of griseofulvin (GF), an antifungal agent, as a dual-action agent that directly inhibits tumor growth through cell cycle arrest and enhances 5-ALA-induced fluorescence by regulating ferrochelatase (FECH). The antitumor effects of GF on glioma stem-like cells (NCH644) and other differentiated GBM cell lines were evaluated using cell viability, colony formation, and cell cycle assays. PpIX accumulation and its enhancement by GF were quantified using a time-course analysis. The mechanisms were investigated using western blotting, RT-qPCR, and confocal visualization. An orthotopic GBM mouse model was used to assess in vivo antitumor activity using preliminary ex vivo fluorescence imaging. GF first exerted direct antitumor effects via G2/M arrest, characterized by cyclin D1 downregulation and cyclin B1 transient upregulation. Second, GF attenuated the 5-ALA-induced increase in FECH mRNA levels and enhanced PpIX accumulation. In vivo, oral administration of GF significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo In a preliminary ex vivo assessment, tumors from GF-treated mice showed a higher tumor-to-normal PpIX fluorescence ratio than those receiving 5-ALA monotherapy, enabling superior tumor visualization. These preclinical findings identify GF as a candidate dual-action agent for GBM treatment. Whether the fluorescence enhancement translates into improved intraoperative detection, extent of resection, or patient survival remains to be determined through future in vivo and clinical studies.

PMID 42710153
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PubMedMolecular pharmaceutics2026-09-07

Pure but Not Simple: Supersaturation from Excipient-Free, Vapor-Generated, Amorphous Griseofulvin Nanoparticles.

Huang Chao C, Ogunwale Samuel S, Pontrelli Eva K EK, Machado Tatiane C TC et al.

Rapid crystallization of an active pharmaceutical ingredient can suppress its observable supersaturation and negate this potential advantage of the amorphous form. Excipients added to formulations can prolong supersaturation, but reduce drug loading and obscure the intrinsic dissolution behavior of the drug in testing. Here, we describe spring-and-parachute dissolution behavior in fasted-state simulated intestinal fluid of an archetypal poorly soluble and strongly crystallizing drug, griseofulvin (GSF), in the form of excipient-free, pure, amorphous nanopowders generated using a novel, single-step, solvent-free technique of organic vapor jet desublimation. Using experiments and modeling, we establish how initial dissolution rate, peak concentration, and area under the concentration-time curve scale with dose, distinguishing between dose regimes in which supersaturation behavior is monotonic and nonmonotonic. The roles of local surface crystallization, particle aggregation, and nonequilibrium crystallization at high supersaturation are elucidated, providing a framework for attaining excipient-free supersaturation and guiding the development of improved dissolution models.

PMID 42704141
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PubMedCureus2026-08-31

Severe Adult Kerion Celsi With Rapid Improvement During Systemic Antifungal and Adjunctive Secretome Therapy: A Case Report.

Dewi Dian Andriani Ratna DAR, Tasya Khufitha K, Firdaus Juliandra J, Maulida Sausan S et al.

Kerion celsi is a severe inflammatory form of tinea capitis that is uncommon in adults and may mimic bacterial furunculosis, abscess, or cellulitis, resulting in delayed diagnosis and antibiotic-only treatment. We report a 48-year-old woman with a one-month history of a painful, purulent, crusted lesion on the left temporal and retroauricular scalp, localized alopecia, and ipsilateral periorbital edema. She reported close exposure to 10 cats daily and did not improve after treatment for presumed furunculosis. Potassium hydroxide examination demonstrated fungal elements. Fungal culture and lactophenol cotton blue morphology were consistent with Microsporum canis. Histopathology demonstrated dense suppurative follicular and perifollicular inflammation, follicular destruction, and granulomatous inflammation; fungal organisms were not identified on hematoxylin and eosin staining. The patient received oral griseofulvin, topical miconazole, structured wound care, empirical ciprofloxacin for clinically suspected secondary bacterial infection, and adjunctive intramuscular administration of a human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cell conditioned-medium secretome preparation. Periorbital edema markedly decreased by day 2. By day 14, lesion dimensions remained approximately 8 × 5 cm, while pain and pruritus had decreased from 6/10 to 0/10 and exudation, pustulation, crusting, erythema, and scalp edema were substantially reduced. This improvement was temporally associated with the combined regimen. Because several interventions were initiated concurrently, the specific contribution of secretome could not be determined. Systemic antifungal therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, and the safety and efficacy of secretome in active inflammatory dermatophyte infection require further study.

PMID 42670489
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PubMedMedical mycology2026-08-29

Microsporum canis Complex Infections in the United Arab Emirates: Clinical, Molecular, and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles.

Anes Febin F, Ghazawi Akela A, Vanam Hari Pankaj HP, Aljneibi Dana D et al.

Microsporum canis complex infections remain a major cause of pediatric dermatophytosis, yet molecular epidemiologic and antifungal susceptibility data from the Arabian Gulf are scarce, with no contemporary regional assessment since 1981-1988. We characterized the clinical, molecular, and antifungal susceptibility profiles of M. canis complex isolates in Abu Dhabi and assessed concordance between phenotypic and ITS-based identification. Fifty-two clinical dermatophyte isolates collected through passive surveillance at the UAEU Fungal Reference Laboratory (September 2024-December 2025) underwent phenotypic identification, ITS sequencing, and antifungal susceptibility testing (CLSI M38). Clinical data were available for 48 patients. ITS sequencing identified 47 isolates (90.4%) as M. canis and 5 (9.6%) as the M. audouinii clade, with phenotypic discordance in 9.6% of isolates (including one M. canis misidentified as Trichophyton rubrum). The cohort was predominantly pediatric (79.2% ≤12 years; 54.2% female). Tinea capitis predominated (60.4%), followed by tinea corporis (20.8%) and multifocal disease (16.7%). Cat exposure was reported in 50% and infected household contact in 27.1%. All isolates showed low MICs (terbinafine MIC₅₀/₉₀ 0.015/0.03; itraconazole ≤0.03/0.06; voriconazole ≤0.03/≤0.03; griseofulvin 0.125/0.25; fluconazole 4/8 µg/mL). Despite this, 81.2% (26/32) of patients with follow-up experienced treatment failure or recurrence, with no clear MIC-outcome association. This first molecular and antifungal characterization of M. canis complex infections in the UAE over three decades showed that ITS sequencing corrected phenotypic identification in nearly 10% of cases. High recurrence despite low MICs suggests limited predictive value of in vitro susceptibility, supporting species directed management, molecular confirmation, species-directed management, and One Health strategies.

PMID 42667404
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PubMedIndian dermatology online journal2026-08-26

Comparative Efficacy of Terbinafine, Itraconazole, and Griseofulvin in Treatment of Steroid-Modified Tinea.

Sneha K K, Jain Seema S, Pandhi Deepika D, Das Shukla S et al.

Steroid-modified tinea or tinea incognito has emerged as a significant challenge in India due to the widespread misuse of topical corticosteroids, leading to chronic, treatment-resistant dermatophytosis. This study was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of antifungal drugs: oral terbinafine, itraconazole, and griseofulvin in the treatment of steroid-modified tinea. In addition, patient awareness about steroid misuse and consequent impact on quality of life were also assessed. A total of 90 potassium hydroxide (KOH)-positive patients ( ≥18 years) with tinea corporis, cruris, or faciei, having a history of prior topical steroid use, were randomly assigned to receive terbinafine (250 mg twice a day), itraconazole (100 mg twice a day), or griseofulvin (500 mg twice a day) for eight weeks ( n = 30 each). Clinical severity scores, cure rates, dermatology life quality index (DLQI) scores, steroid misuse patterns, and any adverse drug reactions reported were recorded for each patient. The group treated with itraconazole showed highest cure rate (70%) at eight weeks, followed by terbinafine (36.7%) and griseofulvin (26.7%) ( P = 0.529). Clinical severity scores reduced significantly in all three groups by the end of eight weeks (within-group comparison P = 0.001). DLQI scores improved most with itraconazole ( P = 0.003). Regarding a prior history of steroid use in the study population, the misuse of clobetasol propionate was seen in 46.7-76.7%, with 90-100% of patients being unaware of steroid content or its side effects. Limited sample size may have limited statistical ability to detect significant cure rates. Despite intention-to-treat analysis, loss of follow-up may introduce bias. Baseline differences in gender and comorbidities among the study groups may have confounded the observed outcomes. Additionally, the lack of blinding may have influenced outcome assessment. Itraconazole appears to be the most effective for steroid-modified tinea, with superior clinical and quality-of-life outcomes. Steroid misuse, driven by pharmacist recommendations, underscores the need for public health interventions.

PMID 42646662
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PubMedJournal of clinical microbiology2026-08-21

In vitro susceptibility and provisional epidemiological cutoff values for eight antifungal agents against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton interdigitale: a multicenter study from China.

Zheng Hailin H, Xie Wenting W, Song Yinggai Y, Cao Cunwei C et al.

Dermatophytosis is a highly prevalent superficial fungal infection, yet antifungal susceptibility testing results remain difficult to interpret because clinical breakpoints are unavailable, and epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) are still limited for most dermatophyte-drug combinations. We conducted a multicenter study of 305 Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton interdigitale isolates collected between 2019 and 2024 at six tertiary hospitals across geographically diverse regions of China. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the CLSI M38 broth microdilution method under standardized quality control, and provisional ECVs were derived following CLSI M57 guidance. For T. mentagrophytes, fluconazole showed a non-unimodal MIC distribution and was not assigned a provisional ECV. The remaining seven agents yielded ECVs of 1 µg/mL for ciclopirox olamine and griseofulvin, 0.5 µg/mL for itraconazole, 0.06 µg/mL for voriconazole, 0.25 µg/mL for posaconazole and amorolfine, and 0.016 µg/mL for terbinafine. For T. interdigitale, fluconazole showed a complex non-unimodal distribution, whereas itraconazole and posaconazole showed unstable low-MIC shoulders precluding ECV estimation. The remaining five agents yielded ECVs of 1 µg/mL for ciclopirox olamine, 0.25 µg/mL for griseofulvin, 0.12 µg/mL for voriconazole and amorolfine, and 0.016 µg/mL for terbinafine. Isolates above the provisional ECVs were uncommon for most combinations (≤2.5%), except for griseofulvin against T. interdigitale (20.5%). Overall, the two species showed distinct MIC distribution profiles, underscoring the value of species-level analysis and continued surveillance. These multicenter CLSI-based data and provisional ECVs provide a contemporary baseline for species-specific interpretation of dermatophyte susceptibility data in China. Reliable interpretation of dermatophyte antifungal susceptibility testing remains limited because clinical breakpoints and epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) are unavailable for most dermatophyte-drug combinations. This is particularly important for the Trichophyton mentagrophytes/Trichophyton interdigitale species complex, which is increasingly implicated in refractory dermatophytosis and may display species-specific susceptibility patterns. In this multicenter study, we established provisional epidemiological cutoff values for most tested species-agent combinations and showed that these two closely related species differ in MIC distribution profiles and in the detection of non-wild-type isolates. These data provide practical laboratory thresholds for recognizing isolates with reduced susceptibility, highlight the limitations of complex-level interpretation, establish a contemporary baseline for dermatophyte susceptibility surveillance in China, and may help support laboratory-informed antifungal decision-making.

PMID 42626940
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