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ribavirin + PEG-IFNalpha-2a (Copegus + Pegasys / Pegasys + Copegus / Pegasys/Copegus)

✓ Approved

Roche · IFNAR2 · 小分子

什么是 ribavirin + PEG-IFNalpha-2a？

ribavirin + PEG-IFNalpha-2a 是一种小分子，由Roche研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Oral (PO)、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

商品名Copegus + Pegasys, Pegasys + Copegus, Pegasys/Copegus
公司Roche
药物类别小分子
分子靶点IFNAR2
给药途径Injectable (Others), Oral (PO), Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Roche

作用机制

分子靶点

ribavirin + PEG-IFNalpha-2a 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

IFNAR2interferon alpha and beta receptor subunit 2 (IFNARB, IFN-alpha-REC)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

ribavirin + PEG-IFNalpha-2a 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsHepatitis C✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedToxins2026-07-27

Enhanced Protection Against Toxicity of Nemopilema nomurai Venom Using a PEG-EGCG/Tetracycline Hydrochloride Micellar Nanocomplex.

Li Jie J, Hu Yanan Y, Qian Yunfeng Y, Luo Sai S et al.

Jellyfish stings are the most common type of marine life injuries. However, at present, the treatment measures against jellyfish stings are mostly empirical and supportive, with uncertain therapeutic outcomes, and there is a lack of specific antidotes based on the toxic mechanism of jellyfish venom in clinical practice. In our previous study, polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was found to neutralize the toxicity of jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai venom (NnV) in vivo and in vitro. Herein we further demonstrated that EGCG exerted its antagonistic effect against NnV through inhibiting the oxidative stress, pro-apoptotic proteins, and systemic inflammatory responses. Subsequently, we constructed a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-EGCG/tetracycline hydrochloride (HTC) co-loaded micellar nanocomplex in order to enhance the stability and bioavailability of EGCG in vivo, which successfully integrated the membrane-repair function of PEG, the enzyme inhibitory effect of HTC and the antioxidant properties of EGCG. Notably, this micellar nanocomplex demonstrated significant protective effects against both functional damage and pathological alterations in a non-lethal NnV-envenomed mouse model. When administered 1 h after NnV envenomation, EGCG (40 mg/kg), HTC and PEG-EGCG (containing 40 mg/kg EGCG) only partially improved abnormal blood biochemical indicators and moderately alleviated histopathologic damage, and PEG-EGCG/HTC containing merely 8 mg/kg EGCG completely mitigated the toxic reactions in envenomed mice. In the preventive regimen, the administration of EGCG, HTC or PEG-EGCG 30 min before exposure showed no significant improvement in abnormal blood biochemical indicators and histopathologic damage, while PEG-EGCG/HTC could still significantly improve the functional impairments and histopathologic damage of the heart and liver in NnV-envenomed mice. These findings suggest the clinical translational potential of PEG-EGCG/HTC against jellyfish envenomation.

PMID 42506698
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PubMedNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026-07-27

The Development of Four-Arm PEG-Based Thermoresponsive Dexamethasone Prodrugs for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Pain.

Deng Yangwei Y, Arash Shabnam S, Rong Jie J, Althobaiti Salma Abdullah SA et al.

Thermoresponsive polymeric prodrugs represent a promising strategy for localized and sustained in vivo drug delivery. In this work, two polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based dexamethasone (Dex) prodrugs with different Dex contents were synthesized using a four-arm PEG scaffold. Prodrug 1, containing four Dex molecules, showed high aqueous solubility but no thermoresponsive gelation behavior. In contrast, eight-Dex Prodrug 2 exhibited temperature-dependent aggregation and formed hydrogels in aqueous media. The viscosity of the Prodrug 2 hydrogel was reduced by introducing 10% ethanol as a cosolvent, enabling an injectable formulation that rapidly forms a hydrogel depot upon contact with aqueous media. The hydrogel provides gradual Dex release via the cleavage of the acid-labile hydrazone bond linking Dex to the PEG. In a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis (OA) pain model, intra-articular (IA) injection of Prodrug 2 produced rapid and sustained pain relief for up to 28 days. These findings indicate that the hydrogel-forming four-arm PEG-based Dex prodrug offers a potentially effective approach for prolonged local corticosteroid (CS) delivery, applicable to the treatment of many local pathologies, including OA and OA pain.

PMID 42506526
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PubMedACS nano2026-07-27

Decoding the Functional Roles of Individual Components in mRNA Lipid Nanoparticles.

Su Kexin K, Wang Zichuan Z, Shi Lu L, Fu Xudong X et al.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have represented a leading platform for mRNA delivery and therapeutics. While extensive studies have focused on optimizing ionizable lipids, the specific roles of helper lipids such as cholesterol, phospholipid, and polyethylene glycol lipid (PEG-lipid) remain relatively poorly understood. To elucidate the distinct contributions of individual lipid components, we reengineer LNP formulations by selectively removing each lipid component, especially helper lipids, to systematically analyze their effects on physicochemical properties, in vivo mRNA delivery, and inflammatory responses. Results reveal that ionizable lipid plays a critical role in mRNA delivery efficacy. Cholesterol is essential for efficient liver-targeted delivery but dispensable for extrahepatic delivery. Phospholipid is not directly associated with organ tropism, whereas phospholipid-free LNPs significantly alleviate inflammation. PEG-lipid influences particle size, with PEG-lipid-free LNPs exhibiting preferential spleen tropism. This study comprehensively demonstrates the important roles of each lipid component in determining the in vivo fate of LNPs, guiding the rational design of next-generation LNP-based mRNA delivery systems.

PMID 42503852
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PubMedBiomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)2026-07-27

Quercetin and Rosmarinic Acid Functionalized Hybrid Electrospun Nanofibers with Strong Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities.

Stoyanova Nikoleta N, Nachev Nasko N, Georgieva Ani A, Toshkova Reneta R et al.

In this study, novel electrospun polymer mats based on biocompatible poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were successfully fabricated for the co-delivery of two natural polyphenols, quercetin (QUE) and rosmarinic acid (RA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the formation of defect-free, continuous nanofibers with high interconnected porosity. By mimicking the structural features of the native extracellular matrix, these nanofibrous platforms facilitate pronounced combined antioxidant and anticancer action. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the rapid solvent evaporation during electrospinning induced a physical state transformation, converting both QUE and RA from their native crystalline structures into an amorphous dispersion within the polymer fibrous materials, thereby optimizing their potential bioavailability. The obtained hybrid fibrous materials possessed good mechanical properties. Moreover, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay demonstrated that the incorporation of PEG enhanced matrix hydrophilicity, allowing the four-component PLA/PEG/QUE/RA mats to achieve the highest antioxidant efficiency (98.1%), suggesting an enhanced, complementary radical-neutralization pathway. Furthermore, in vitro biological assessments against human cervical carcinoma cell line (HeLa) and normal murine embryo fibroblasts BALB/3T3 demonstrated prominent anticancer activity, while noncancerous cells were significantly less affected. The dual-loaded PLA/PEG/QUE/RA fibrous mats induced significant cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells, while normal BALB/3T3 fibroblasts retained cell membrane integrity and displayed higher resistance. Modeled after the native extracellular matrix, these bioinspired materials demonstrate significant antioxidant and anticancer activity, highlighting their potential for applications in localized cancer therapy, wound management, and tissue engineering.

PMID 42505486
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PubMedACS nano2026-07-27

Anti-PEG Single-Chain Variable-Fragment Antibody-Assisted In Vivo Process Decoding of PEGylated Nanomedicines.

Pan Feng F, Xu Qingyuan Q, Tian Kaisong K, Luo Gan G et al.

Clinical translation of nanomedicines is greatly hindered by insufficient understanding of their in vivo process, yet a key challenge lies in quantifying the encapsulated versus free drug forms in tissues and cells. Herein, we present a facile, versatile anti-PEG single-chain variable-fragment antibody (PEG-scFv)-based method enabling quantitative measurement of both forms in various biofluids (e.g., interstitial fluid, cytoplasm). By this method, we map the in vivo process of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (sLip/Dox) at unprecedented resolution. In the bloodstream, doxorubicin remains largely encapsulated in liposomes (>99%). In liver as the main organ for drug elimination, less drug was distributed in the interstitium (>80% encapsulated) but more in liver cells (mainly in Kupffer cells) released in a time-dependent manner, accompanying doxorubicin transferred to hepatocytes most in free form by 12 h postinjection. After extravasation into tumors, there was a limited access of sLip/Dox to tumor cells, confining most of the drug in the interstitium mainly being encapsulated (more than 75%), and the internalized fraction underwent a gradual release process in both tumor-associated macrophages and tumor cells. These findings revealed that for sLip/Dox, which primarily underwent drug release intracellularly, cellular internalization rates could be the key factor in determining its in vivo performance. Given widespread PEGylation on developing nanomedicines and the cost-effectiveness of scFv production, PEG-scFv offers a broadly applicable tool for dissecting in vivo processes of nanomedicines to establish dose-effect relationships like small-molecule drugs, further to guide rational nanotherapeutic design.

PMID 42503863
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PubMedMolecular pharmaceutics2026-07-27

Intracellular Delivery of Full-Length Antibodies via Poly-l-lysine-Coated PEG-PLGA Polymersomes Enables Noninvasive Pulmonary Immunotherapy.

Nazar Vida V, Buxton Lincoln Paul LP, Jiang Sui S, Culick Allison Irene AI et al.

The intracellular delivery of full-length antibodies offers substantial therapeutic potential but remains limited by poor cellular uptake, extracellular degradation, and inefficient encapsulation strategies. Here, we report a noninvasive, scalable, and biocompatible nanocarrier platform based on poly-l-lysine (PLL)-coated polyethylene glycol-block-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PEG-PLGA) polymersomes for efficient intracellular antibody delivery. Coating polymersomes with 30 kDa ε-poly-l-lysine increased antibody encapsulation efficiency to ∼ 80%. It enabled precise modulation of surface charge to a mildly positive ζ-potential (∼+4.5 mV), while maintaining nanoscale dimensions (hydrodynamic diameter ≈ 420 ± 30 nm). The resulting formulation exhibited excellent biocompatibility, preserving >96% cell viability in primary human pulmonary fibroblasts. Importantly, PLL-coated polymersomes facilitated efficient intracellular delivery of full-length antibodies and preserved their biological function, as demonstrated by robust suppression of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)-dependent IL-1β signaling. Upon pulmonary administration via aerosolization, polymersomes delivered the antibody efficiently to lung-resident cells in vivo without detectable acute cytotoxicity. To our knowledge, this work represents the first demonstration of PLL-coated PEG-PLGA polymersomes enabling intracellular delivery of full-length antibodies both in vitro and in vivo, establishing a versatile nanoplatform for lung-targeted intracellular antibody therapeutics.

PMID 42503719
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