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indometacin plaster

✓ Approved

Kowa · PTGS1 · 小分子

什么是 indometacin plaster？

indometacin plaster 是一种小分子，由Kowa研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Transdermal。

药物档案

公司Kowa
药物类别小分子
分子靶点PTGS1, PTGS2
给药途径Transdermal
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Kowa

作用机制

分子靶点

indometacin plaster 作用于 2 个分子靶点：

PTGS1prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (COX3, PCOX1)
PTGS2prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (GRIPGHS, hCox-2)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

indometacin plaster 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Gastrointestinal disordersAbdominal pain✓ Approved
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersPruritus✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedFrontiers in pediatrics2026-09-10

Elastic intramedullary nailing for recurrent radial fracture associated with persistent ulnar bowing deformity in a pediatric patient: a case report.

Yang Wenrong W, Pu Guangmin G, Zhao Zhigang Z, Yang Shuchun S et al.

Pediatric forearm bowing fracture is an occult incomplete injury with a high misdiagnosis rate. Persistent ulnar bowing deformity is a potential risk factor for recurrent radial fracture due to altered forearm biomechanical stress distribution, and unified management protocols for this combined injury remain lacking. This case report describes the diagnosis and treatment of an 8-year-old girl who sustained a second ipsilateral radial fracture four years after an initial forearm trauma accompanied by ulnar bowing deformity at 4 years old, aiming to provide practical clinical evidence and generate preliminary treatment hypotheses for this clinical scenario. The patient, an 8-year-old girl, first presented at 4 years old with a middle-distal third radial fracture concurrent with ulnar diaphyseal bowing deformity. Initial management consisted of closed manual reduction and splint immobilization, and no corrective intervention was performed for the ulnar bowing deformity. Four years following the initial injury, she fell and sustained a displaced recurrent radial fracture at the middle-proximal third of the same forearm. Closed manipulative reduction and plaster casting failed to sustain adequate fracture alignment, prompting surgical intervention with open reduction and elastic intramedullary nailing to repair the radial fracture; the pre-existing ulnar bowing deformity was left unaddressed intraoperatively. At the two-month postoperative follow-up, elbow and forearm function were fully preserved, with only mild residual forearm angular deformity and no functional deficits noted. No surgical complications occurred, and the family tolerated the mild residual deformity. This single case observation generates a preliminary clinical hypothesis rather than universal clinical guidance: Elastic intramedullary nailing serves as a safe and reliable minimally invasive surgical option for children with recurrent displaced radial fractures when conservative treatment yields unsatisfactory reduction maintenance. Additional corrective osteotomy is not indicated for pediatric patients presenting with mild ulnar bowing deformity, normal inner-epiphyseal ulna-radius length ratio. Targeted treatment focused solely on the radial fracture can achieve satisfactory radiological recovery and short-term functional outcomes in this patient population.

PMID 42719112
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PubMedJournal of orthopaedic case reports2026-09-09

Reimagining Orthopedic Practical Examinations: The Expanding Role of Objective Structured Clinical Examination.

Kale Sachin S, Roy Mainak M, Kumar Vishal V, Shyam Ashok A

Assessment of orthopedic clinical competence has traditionally relied on long-case examinations, short-case discussions, and viva voce assessments. Although these methods evaluate theoretical knowledge and bedside skills, they are often limited by examiner bias, variability in case complexity, and lack of standardization. The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) has emerged as a structured and objective method for assessing multiple domains of orthopedic competence within a uniform examination framework. The objective of the study is to discuss the expanding role of OSCE in orthopedic practical examinations and evaluate its educational significance, strengths, limitations, and future implications in competency-based orthopedic training. OSCE provides a comprehensive and standardized approach for assessing musculoskeletal examination skills, trauma management, radiological interpretation, procedural competence, communication skills, professionalism, and clinical decision-making. Through structured stations, predefined checklists, and objective scoring systems, OSCE minimizes subjectivity and improves fairness and reproducibility in assessment. Orthopedic OSCE stations commonly include joint examination, fracture assessment, implant identification, plaster application, emergency trauma scenarios, and informed consent discussions. The integration of simulation-based learning and standardized patient interactions enhances the practical relevance of the examination and better reflects real-world orthopedic practice. In addition to assessment, OSCE promotes systematic learning, active clinical reasoning, procedural proficiency, and communication skills among trainees. However, successful implementation requires considerable infrastructure, faculty training, logistical planning, and financial resources. Concerns also remain regarding checklist-oriented learning and limited evaluation of longitudinal clinical judgment. OSCE represents a major advancement in orthopedic practical assessment by providing structured, objective, and competency-oriented evaluation of clinical performance. Its ability to assess multiple domains of orthopedic competence makes it an essential component of modern orthopedic education. With ongoing advances in simulation technology and digital assessment systems, OSCE is expected to play an increasingly important role in shaping future orthopedic training and improving patient-centered clinical practice.

PMID 42713251
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PubMedJournal of orthopaedic case reports2026-09-09

Concomitant Distal Radius Fracture, Scaphoid Fracture, and Pisiform Dislocation with Ulnar Nerve Neuropraxia: A Case Report with Biomechanical Analysis.

Muthiahpandian Prabhu P, Palaniappan Pasupathy P, Sivakumar Sanjey S, Dhandapani Karthikeyan K et al.

Distal radius fractures commonly result from falls onto an outstretched hand, making them a frequent presentation in orthopedic practice. However, pisiform dislocation associated with a distal radius fracture is uncommon, due to the pisiform's protected anatomical position and the distinct biomechanical forces typically required for its displacement. When this combined injury pattern is further complicated by ulnar nerve neuropraxia, it becomes rare and may be easily overlooked. The clinical subtlety of pisiform dislocation can lead to diagnostic delay, potentially resulting in inappropriate management if not recognised early. We report a rare clinical scenario involving a right-hand dominant woman in her early 50s who sustained a distal radius fracture along with a scaphoid fracture and pisiform dislocation complicated by ulnar nerve neuropraxia following a high-velocity motorcycle-related trauma. At presentation, the patient exhibited severe wrist pain, swelling, and notable sensory impairment within the ulnar nerve distribution. Initial standard radiographs identified distal radius and scaphoid fractures. Following closed reduction of the radius fracture, a pisiform dislocation was revealed radiographically and confirmed through computed tomography (CT) imaging. Sagittal CT sections demonstrated volar migration of the pisiform relative to the triquetrum, with significant widening of the pisotriquetral joint space and complete loss of articular congruity, confirming a volar pisotriquetral dislocation. Closed reduction was successfully performed with the wrist placed in palmar flexion, significantly alleviating ulnar nerve symptoms immediately. A short-arm plaster cast immobilization was utilised, extending to the thumb to stabilize the scaphoid fracture simultaneously. The cast was maintained for six weeks, resulting in complete fracture healing and maintenance of pisiform alignment, as confirmed by follow-up imaging. At 9 months post-injury, structured physiotherapy facilitated a full return to routine activities with excellent wrist and finger mobility and resolution of all neurological deficits. Pisiform dislocation associated with distal radius fracture represents a rare and complex injury combination, further complicated by ulnar nerve involvement. Clinicians must maintain a high degree of suspicion and adopt advanced imaging modalities early to avoid missing such diagnoses. Prompt closed reduction and conservative management can yield favorable outcomes, highlighting the importance of early recognition and appropriate intervention in such uncommon scenarios.

PMID 42713398
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PubMedCombinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening2026-09-08

Therapeutic Mechanism of Huayu Zhitong Plaster in Acute Soft Tissue Injury Rats via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Xiaohui Liu L, Yanting Feng F, Lanchun Peng P, Qingzhu Zheng Z et al.

To explore the therapeutic efficacy of external use of Huayu Zhitong Plaster (HZP) in treating Acute Soft Tissue Injury (ASTI) and its underlying mechanism in a rat model. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was used to analyze HZP's chemical constituents, and network pharmacology was applied to predict its therapeutic targets against ASTI. An ASTI rat model was established by blunt trauma to the gastrocnemius muscle. Inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress indicators were quantified by ELISA; ASTI severity was evaluated via H&E staining; protein localization and expression were assessed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting, respectively, to investigate the mechanism of action. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS identified 86 components in HZP, mainly flavonoids, alkaloids, cyclic enol ether terpenes, and phenolic acids. Network pharmacology analysis showed that ASTI- related genes were primarily associated with the PI3K-Akt and NF-κB pathways via PI3K subunit and AKT1. Animal experiments confirmed that HZP significantly inhibited p-PI3K, p- AKT, and p-NF-κB expression, blocking the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. It reduced the levels of proinflammatory mediators IL-6 and PGE2, and increased the activity of the oxidative stressrelated enzyme SOD, decreased the level of MDA and MPO, and alleviated tissue damage, edema, and inflammatory infiltration (H & E staining). Given that effective and well-tolerated treatments for ASTI are highly desirable, our experimental data offer compelling support for the curative efficacy of HZP, paving the path for the scientific standardization of this intricate TCM preparation and affirming its potential to serve as a valuable topical treatment agent. By suppressing the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, HZP exerts potent antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects in ASTI, thereby mitigating tissue damage and facilitating repair.

PMID 42708303
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PubMedInternational orthodontics2026-09-04

Different tools, same diagnosis? A comparison of digital orthodontic model analysis methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Ceylan Dicle D, Genç Celal C, Duran Gökhan Serhat GS

To evaluate the reliability and between-method agreement of a freely available orthodontic model analysis software (FusionAnalyser) against a commercial platform (OrthoAnalyzer™) and conventional digital calliper measurements on plaster casts. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, pre-treatment records of 40 patients collected between 2022 and 2025 were analysed by two examiners, each performing measurements twice at least 15 days apart. Mesiodistal tooth widths, Bolton ratios, and arch space deficiency were measured by all three methods. Intra- and inter-rater reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients and Dahlberg errors; between-method agreement was assessed with Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and Bland-Altman analyses with predefined clinical thresholds (±0.50mm for tooth widths, ±1.50 percentage points for Bolton ratios, ±1.00mm for arch space deficiency). Of 52 records screened, 40 met the eligibility criteria and were included. ICC values across all methods and both examiners ranged from 0.74 (95% CI 0.56-0.86) to 0.996 (95% CI 0.993-0.998). Between-method differences in mesiodistal tooth widths were small (mostly 0.10-0.30mm) and remained within the ±0.50mm threshold. Limits of agreement for the anterior Bolton ratio exceeded ±1.50 percentage points across all comparisons. For mandibular arch space deficiency, 100% of FusionAnalyser-versus-calliper differences fell within ±1.00mm (mean difference 0.20mm, 95% CI 0.12-0.29); agreement in the maxillary arch was marginally lower but clinically acceptable. The free orthodontic software produced tooth-width and arch space deficiency measurements clinically comparable to those of the commercial platform and within clinically acceptable agreement limits of plaster-cast calliper measurements. Bolton ratio agreement was less interchangeable due to the cumulative aggregation of small per-tooth errors. These findings support the adoption of freely available orthodontics-specific software, particularly where commercial licensing is a barrier.

PMID 42697160
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PubMedClinical rheumatology2026-09-04

Integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics reveal the mechanisms of Compound Nanxing Zhitong Plaster in anti-rheumatoid arthritis.

Li Zhiqiang Z, Cao Liang L, Wang Jiajia J, Gao Xia X et al.

This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Compound Nanxing Zhitong Plaster (CNZP) against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to investigate its underlying mechanism through an integrated approach combining network pharmacology and metabolomics. A collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model was established to assess the anti-RA effects of CNZP. A comprehensive strategy, incorporating network pharmacology (based on previously reported chemical constituents), molecular docking, serum biochemical assays, histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting, was employed to elucidate its therapeutic actions, associated pathways, and molecular targets. Network pharmacology identified 53 common targets between CNZP and RA, with IL1β, TLR4, and STAT3 as the top three hub genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the therapeutic effects of CNZP are primarily mediated through inflammatory response, endopeptidase activity, and signaling pathways such as TNF, IL-17, and Toll-like receptor signaling. Quercetin, imperatorin, and isoimperatorin were identified as the core components. Molecular docking confirmed favorable binding affinities of these three components to IL1β, TLR4, and STAT3. Metabolomics analysis revealed eight potential biomarkers, among which six were significantly modulated by CNZP. These metabolites were primarily involved in arginine and proline metabolism, histidine metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways. Integrated analysis of metabolomics and network pharmacology highlighted the arginine and proline metabolism and arginine biosynthesis pathways as the common mechanisms. L-Arginine was pinpointed as the key differential metabolite, with nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) as its associated regulatory enzyme. CNZP treatment is associated with reduced activation of the JAK1/STAT1 pathway and downregulation of NOS1, suggesting a potential involvement of this axis in the therapeutic effect of CNZP against RA. CNZP exhibits significant therapeutic effects on RA, potentially by downregulating NOS1 expression and subsequently correcting the metabolic imbalance of L-arginine. Key Points • CNZP demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in a CIA rat model; serum metabolomics revealed the associated differential metabolites and key metabolic pathways involved in its action. • Network pharmacology and molecular docking revealed that CNZP exerts multi-target effects on RA by modulating TNF, IL-17, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways via its core components quercetin, imperatorin, and isoimperatorin. • Integrated analysis suggests that CNZP treatment is associated with downregulation of NOS1 and correction of l-arginine metabolic imbalance, implicating the JAK1/STAT1 pathway in its anti-RA effect. • This preclinical study provides mechanistic evidence for the anti-RA effect of CNZP.

PMID 42693307
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