erythropoietin beta (CinnaPoietin ß / CinnaPoietin)

Mandibular Osseous Changes in Children and Adolescents With Beta Thalassemia Major: A Panoramic Radiomorphometric Study.

S Himabindu H, Barbhuiya Narjish Rahman NR, Raikote Spurthi S, Reddy Chandrasekhar M CM et al.

Beta thalassemia major is an inherited hemoglobin disorder characterized by deficient β-globin production, chronic anemia, and expansion of hematopoietic marrow. Prolonged marrow activity can alter craniofacial bone architecture and reduce mandibular cortical integrity. This study compared mandibular cortical characteristics in children and adolescents with beta thalassemia major and matched healthy participants using panoramic radiomorphometric measurements. Sixty participants aged 8-19 years were included: 30 individuals with beta thalassemia major and 30 age- and sex-matched controls. Digital panoramic radiographs were examined using the Mental Index, Panoramic Mandibular Index, Antegonial Index, Gonial Index, and Mandibular Cortical Index. Repeat measurements were used to determine intraobserver agreement, and intergroup differences were assessed using appropriate statistical tests. The thalassemia group showed lower values for all quantitative mandibular cortical indices than the control group. Eroded C2 and C3 cortical patterns were also more frequent among affected participants, indicating reduced cortical integrity and increased endosteal remodeling. Panoramic radiomorphometric assessment can identify mandibular cortical alterations in young patients with beta thalassemia major and may support opportunistic screening during routine dental imaging.

Beta-blockers after myocardial infarction with preserved ejection fraction-reexamining established paradigms?

Galas Agata A, Krzesiński Paweł P

A meta-analysis of periodic and aperiodic electrophysiological features in Parkinson's disease.

Norouzi Hamzeh H, Ietswaart Magdalena M, Adair Jason J, Learmonth Gemma G

Parkinson's disease is characterized by a range of motor and non-motor changes that can negatively impact quality of life. Many studies have identified potential clinical electrophysiological correlates of Parkinson's disease with an aim of developing new methods of identifying at-risk patients and forming the basis of therapeutic interventions. However, these studies do not present consistent results, and a formal meta-analysis is warranted to identify reliable EEG or magnetoencephalography (M/EEG) characteristics across datasets. In this meta-analysis of open-access M/EEG datasets (n = 6; 4 EEG and 2 MEG), we compared periodic and aperiodic characteristics of resting-state recordings in 368 patients with Parkinson's disease and 570 age-matched healthy controls. Specifically, we compared the power and peak frequency of unadjusted and aperiodic-adjusted alpha- and beta-band oscillations, and the exponent and offset, across the two groups. Parkinson's patients had a consistently elevated aperiodic exponent and offset. Patients also had higher unadjusted beta-band power, but this was no longer present when the aperiodic features were removed, suggesting that previous findings of elevated beta activity in Parkinson's disease could be confounded by aperiodic activity rather than reflecting true oscillatory differences. Patients also had higher adjusted and unadjusted alpha-band power and a slower alpha peak frequency compared with controls, whereas no group difference in beta peak frequency was identified. In conclusion, this large cohort meta-analysis points to a broadly consistent pattern of both periodic and aperiodic changes in Parkinson's patients in M/EEG signals that may be used to develop diagnostics and targeted interventions in the future.

Configurational diversity of metabotropic glutamate receptor complexes with beta-arrestins.

Marx Dagan C DC, Gonzalez-Hernandez Alberto J AJ, Lee Joon J, Siepe Dirk D et al.

Beta-arrestins (β-arrs) are cytosolic proteins which mediate G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization, endocytosis, and signaling. Despite the widespread physiological roles of β-arr coupling, the molecular basis of GPCR/β-arr interaction has been studied primarily in monomeric family A GPCRs. Here we develop a single molecule pulldown (SiMPull) assay that reports on both relative GPCR:β-arr interaction strength and stoichiometry to uncover molecular diversity in β-arr coupling to the neuromodulatory metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), prototypical, dimeric family C GPCRs. We find that mGluRs couple to β-arrs with variable apparent strength and a 2:1 or 2:2 stoichiometry. Focusing on the mGluR8/β-arr1 interaction, we map the contributions of "tail" and "core" interactions with residues in the receptor C-terminal domain and intracellular loops, respectively. Combinatorial mutagenesis enables the identification of a landscape of β-arr complexes with homo- and hetero-dimeric mGluR8, including both "cis" and "trans" interactions. Finally, we use our SiMPull assay in conjunction with live cell imaging and transcriptomic analysis to reveal that mGluRs can form megacomplexes either by simultaneously binding β-arr1 and β-arr2 or β-arr and G proteins. Together, this study provides a comprehensive framework for mGluR/β-arr complex diversity, expanding the known range of GPCR/transducer coupling modes.