北京若生智能科技有限公司
Drug Database
AN

anti-tetanus immunoglobulin (Tetglob)

✓ Approved

Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited · 治疗药物

什么是 anti-tetanus immunoglobulin？

anti-tetanus immunoglobulin 是一种治疗药物，由Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection。

药物档案

商品名Tetglob
公司Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited

治疗适应症

anti-tetanus immunoglobulin 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsTetanus✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedFrontiers in public health2026-10-27

An age-structured mathematical model of tetanus epidemiology, immunity, and vaccination across the life course.

Hounsell Rachel A RA, Norman Jared J, Silal Sheetal P SP

Tetanus remains a significant public health concern despite substantial reductions in incidence and mortality following the widespread introduction of tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccines (TTCVs). Because immunity is acquired only through vaccination and wanes over time, the World Health Organization recommends three booster doses throughout childhood and adolescence in addition to the three-dose infant primary series. However, few mathematical models explicitly represent the cumulative, dose-dependent nature of tetanus immunity needed to evaluate alternative vaccination strategies. We developed a novel age-structured model of tetanus epidemiology, immunity, and vaccination to address this gap. We developed a deterministic compartmental model stratified by age, vaccination history, and immunity status. The model incorporates environmental exposure, neonatal and non-neonatal tetanus, routine infant vaccination, booster doses, maternal immunization, and waning immunity. Unlike previous tetanus models, each TTCV dose is represented explicitly, allowing protection, waning, and booster responses to vary according to vaccination history. Model parameters were informed by published literature and expert consultation. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using Latin hypercube sampling and partial rank correlation coefficients, and model outputs were compared with published seroprevalence studies. The model reproduced expected patterns of vaccine-derived immunity and waning described in the literature and generated population protection estimates consistent with seroprevalence data from settings with different vaccination schedules. Sensitivity analyses identified the duration of vaccine-derived protection as a primary source of uncertainty, with vaccine effectiveness also substantially influencing population immunity. The framework successfully captured heterogeneous immunity profiles by age and vaccination history and the cumulative effects of primary series, booster doses, and maternal vaccination. This model provides a novel framework for representing cumulative TTCV-derived immunity across the life course. By explicitly tracking dose-specific protection and waning, it enables the evaluation of booster-dose strategies and maternal immunization programs and provides a platform for informing evidence-based tetanus vaccination policy.

PMID 42935852
阅读全文 →
PubMedLife (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-27

Generalized Tetanus in a Four-Month-Old Labrador Retriever: Complete Recovery and One-Year Follow-Up in a Rare Canine Case.

Fernoagă Cristina C, Turbatu Raluca Mihaela RM, Neagu Alexandru Gabriel AG, Pavel Ruxandra R et al.

Tetanus is an infrequent, potentially fatal neurological disease in dogs, caused by tetanospasmin, the neurotoxin of Clostridium tetani, which reaches the central nervous system by retrograde axonal transport and blocks the release of the inhibitory neurotransmitters glycine and γ-aminobutyric acid. Dogs are comparatively resistant to the toxin, and canine reports remain scarce. This report describes generalized tetanus in a four-month-old, 13 kg male Labrador Retriever presented with an axillary wound sustained approximately one month earlier and neurological signs progressing over approximately seven days, from gait disturbance to generalized whole-body rigidity. On examination the dog showed trismus, risus sardonicus, cervical hyperextension, opisthotonos, third-eyelid protrusion, a sawhorse stance, hyperthermia and intermittent respiratory distress. The diagnosis was established clinically, following a structured neurological work-up and exclusion of the principal differentials, as confirmatory assays were unavailable. Total serum calcium was within the reference interval; serum creatine kinase was elevated; and venous blood-gas analysis indicated a mild, compensated metabolic acidosis. Management comprised metronidazole and clindamycin, equine tetanus antitoxin, diazepam, meloxicam and intensive nursing care in a low-stimulation environment. The dog improved from the first day of hospitalization and recovered without residual deficits, with no recurrence over one year of follow-up. The favorable outcome, in a young canine patient for which the literature would predict a guarded prognosis, is consistent with the absence of clinically detectable autonomic and cardiorespiratory dysfunction and with meticulous supportive care.

PMID 42942178
阅读全文 →
PubMedCureus2026-10-27

Mixed Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia as the Initial Manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report.

Iqbal Tariq T, Chivero Cleopatra C, Farhana Sharmin S

Mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia (mAIHA) is a rare subtype of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) characterized by the coexistence of warm (immunoglobulin G (IgG)) and cold (immunoglobulin M (IgM)) autoantibodies. It may occur as a primary disorder or secondary to underlying conditions, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We report the case of a 16-year-old female who presented with severe hemolytic anemia as the initial manifestation of SLE. On admission, her hemoglobin was 34 g/L with marked reticulocytosis and a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) demonstrating both IgG and IgM antibodies, confirming mAIHA. Immunological investigations revealed positive antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody, and anti-Smith antibody, supporting a diagnosis of SLE. At the time of the first presentation, she had no other clinical features suggestive of SLE. She was treated with blood transfusions and corticosteroids, resulting in significant improvement, and was discharged on a tapering prednisolone regimen. Shortly after, she was readmitted with a malar rash, arthralgia, joint swelling, nephrotic-range proteinuria, and worsening renal function. She was subsequently diagnosed with SLE complicated by lupus nephritis and recurrent AIHA. Following the rheumatology and nephrology review, she received intravenous methylprednisolone and was transferred to a tertiary care center for renal biopsy and further management. Renal biopsy demonstrated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Further treatment with prednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil, intravenous belimumab, and hydroxychloroquine resulted in an excellent clinical response, with follow-up confirming remission. This case highlights mAIHA as a rare initial presentation of SLE and underscores the importance of early recognition, close monitoring, and multidisciplinary management, as patients presenting with AIHA may be at increased risk of developing lupus nephritis and other severe SLE-related complications.

PMID 42936060
阅读全文 →
PubMedDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-27

Positivity Rates and Serum Levels of Antibodies Against Histone H3 Lysine 9 and Its Lactylated Form in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Mimics.

Yu Hui-Chun HC, Hsu Bao-Bao BB, Chen Pin-Chen PC, Lu Ming-Chi MC

Background/Objectives: To compare the positivity rates and serum levels of antibodies against histone H3 lysine 9 (anti-H3K9) and its lactylated form (anti-H3K9la) among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or Sjögren disease (SjD) and controls. Methods: Serum anti-H3K9 and anti-H3K9la levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from 93 patients with RA, 40 with SLE, 40 with SjD, and 40 controls. Antibody findings were compared across study groups and according to rheumatoid factor immunoglobulin M (RF-IgM) and anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) status in RA. Results: Anti-H3K9 positivity was 28.0% in RA, 40.0% in SLE, 0% in SjD, and 2.5% in controls. Anti-H3K9la positivity was 22.6% in RA and 20.0% in SLE; no SjD patients or controls were positive. Patients with SjD had lower levels of both antibodies than controls. No statistically significant differences were detected according to RF-IgM or ACPA status, although the seronegative subgroups were small. In exploratory multivariable models, TNF inhibitor use was associated with higher levels of both antibodies. Adding either antibody to ACPA and RF-IgM increased sensitivity at the expense of specificity. Conclusions: Anti-H3K9 and anti-H3K9la antibodies were detected more frequently in RA and SLE than in controls, whereas patients with SjD had lower serum levels of both antibodies. No statistically significant differences in antibody positivity or levels were detected according to RF-IgM or ACPA status in RA, although the small seronegative subgroups limited the precision of these comparisons. Their potential value as adjunctive diagnostic biomarkers requires confirmation in larger, independent cohorts with formal diagnostic-performance analyses.

PMID 42938145
阅读全文 →
PubMedZhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences2026-10-27

[Immunophenotype of RF-IgA-positive patients with primary Sjögren syndrome without concomitant rheumatoid arthritis: Dissociation between B-cell activation and inflammatory cytokine levels].

Li Mengyuan M, Zhang Yang Y, Wang Yue Y, Hou Lei L et al.

Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by excessive B-cell activation. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is frequently positive in patients with pSS; however, the clinical significance of RF subtypes, particularly immunoglobulin (Ig) A rheumatoid factor (RF-IgA), remains unclear, and previous studies have often not strictly excluded patients with concomitant rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aims to investigate the immunophenotypic characteristics of RF-IgA-positive patients with pSS without concomitant RA and to analyze the relationship between RF-IgA and disease activity. A total of 153 patients with pSS who presented to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, between January 2021 and December 2025 were included, comprising 30 RF-IgA-positive patients and 123 RF-IgA-negative patients. Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportions of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, including CD19⁺ B cells, CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells, and CD16⁺CD56⁺ natural killer (NK) cells. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-17A, interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-1β were measured using a cytometric bead array. Immunoglobulin and complement levels were measured by immunoturbidimetry. Anti-Sjögren syndrome-related antigen A (SSA)/60 kD, anti-SSA/52 kD, and anti-Sjögren syndrome-related antigen B (SSB)/La antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Disease activity was assessed using the European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), and the incidences of complications were compared between the 2 groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations of RF-IgA levels with the percentage of CD19⁺ B cells and serum IgA and IgG levels in the RF-IgA-positive group. The percentage of CD19⁺ B cells was significantly higher in the RF-IgA-positive group than in the RF-IgA-negative group, whereas the percentage of CD8⁺ T cells was significantly lower and the CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly higher in the RF-IgA-positive group (all P<0.05). No significant between-group differences were observed in the percentages of CD4+ T cells or NK cells (both P>0.05). Serum IgA and IgG levels were significantly higher in the RF-IgA-positive group than in the RF-IgA-negative group (both P<0.05), whereas IgM levels did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The positive rates of anti-SSA/60 kD, anti-SSA/52 kD, and anti-SSB/La antibodies were significantly higher in the RF-IgA-positive group than in the RF-IgA-negative group (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, complement 3 (C3), or complement 4 (C4) (all P>0.05). No significant between-group differences were observed in ESSDAI scores or in the incidences of interstitial pneumonia, thyroid disease, chronic gastritis, or renal injury (all P>0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that RF-IgA levels were not significantly correlated with the percentage of CD19⁺ B cells (r=0.106, P=0.557), but were positively correlated with serum IgA (r=0.609, P<0.001) and IgG (r=0.376, P=0.041) levels. RF-IgA-positive patients with pSS without concomitant RA exhibit immunological alterations characterized by an increased proportion of B cells, a decreased proportion of CD8⁺ T cells, an increased CD4/CD8 ratio, and elevated immunoglobulin levels and anti-SSA/SSB antibody positivity, suggesting enhanced B-cell activation and humoral immune responses. However, these alterations are not accompanied by significant changes in the measured inflammatory cytokines, complement levels, ESSDAI scores, or extraglandular involvement. RF-IgA positivity may identify a serological phenotype characterized by B-cell-related immune abnormalities; however, its clinical significance should be interpreted cautiously and should not be directly equated with increased disease activity.

PMID 42935199
阅读全文 →
PubMedMedicine2026-10-27

Anti-GBM/ANCA double-positive crescentic nephritis in an elderly patient presenting with heart failure-like symptoms: A case report.

Shi Meijuan M, Shi Guoqing G, Liu Hongmei H, Huang Yao Y et al.

Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibody disease and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis represent the 2 leading causes of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). The coexistence of these conditions is rare, typically progresses rapidly, and has a poor prognosis. Elderly patients often present with nonspecific systemic symptoms, increasing the likelihood of misdiagnosis and treatment delay. A 74-year-old woman presented with a one-month history of intermittent shortness of breath, worsening progressively over ten days, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. She denied hemoptysis, gross hematuria, rash, or arthralgia. Initial assessment suggested heart failure. However, laboratory results revealed severe renal impairment (creatinine: 1025.99 μmol/L). Renal biopsy demonstrated crescent formation in over 80% of glomeruli, with immunofluorescence showing linear immunoglobulin G deposits along glomerular capillary loops. Serological testing revealed markedly elevated anti-GBM antibody (>400 RU/mL) and MPO-ANCA (108.4 RU/mL) levels, together with a perinuclear ANCA (P-ANCA) pattern on indirect immunofluorescence, supporting the diagnosis of anti-GBM glomerulonephritis with concomitant MPO-ANCA positivity. Treatment included methylprednisolone pulse therapy, cyclophosphamide, and 3 plasma exchange sessions. Additional supportive measures comprised hemodialysis, antihypertensive therapy, and management of renal anemia. Although the patient's uremic symptoms improved markedly, renal function did not recover. She was discharged on hemodialysis and was subsequently transitioned to maintenance peritoneal dialysis. By January 2026, the anti-GBM antibody level had decreased markedly to 4.27 RU/mL, below the positive cutoff, and MPO-ANCA had also become negative. At the last follow-up in April 2026, the patient remained dialysis-dependent and experienced recurrent hospitalizations for pneumonia, heart failure, and acute pancreatitis. This case emphasizes that elderly patients with anti-GBM/ANCA double-positive crescentic glomerulonephritis may initially present with nonspecific symptoms, increasing the risk of incorrect diagnosis. Although combination therapy resulted in symptomatic improvement and serological remission, renal function failed to recover and dialysis dependence persisted. Screening for anti-GBM antibody and ANCA should therefore be considered in patients with unexplained rapidly progressive deterioration of kidney function or active urinary sediment, and renal biopsy should be performed promptly when clinically indicated.

PMID 42937723
阅读全文 →

注册免费账户还可查看另外 9996 篇文献

免费注册查看全部文献 →

了解更多anti-tetanus immunoglobulin