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polio vaccine

✓ Approved

Sanofi S.A · 疫苗 · 疫苗

什么是 polio vaccine？

polio vaccine 是一种疫苗，由Sanofi S.A研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Unknown。

药物档案

公司Sanofi S.A
药物类别疫苗, 大分子
给药途径Unknown
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Sanofi S.A

治疗适应症

polio vaccine 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Surgical and medical proceduresPolio immunisation✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedViruses2026-10-27

Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a Trivalent Whole-Virion Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Against Vaccine-Matched Ancestral, Delta, and Omicron BA.5 Variants in K18-hACE2 Mice.

Yetiskin Hazel H, Uygut Muhammet Ali MA, Pavel Shaikh Terkis Islam STI, Kaplan Busra B et al.

Continuous antigenic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has reduced the effectiveness of vaccines based on a single ancestral strain, highlighting the need for multivalent vaccine strategies. We developed a trivalent whole-virion inactivated vaccine containing ancestral (ERAGEM), Delta, and Omicron BA.5 antigens and evaluated its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in K18-hACE2 transgenic mice. β-propiolactone-inactivated ERAGEM, Delta, and Omicron BA.5 antigens were combined at 1 µg each (3 µg total) with aluminium hydroxide and administered intraperitoneally on days 0 and 21. Variant-specific binding and neutralizing antibody responses were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and microneutralization assays. On day 42, mice were challenged with ERAGEM, Delta, or Omicron BA.5. Survival, body weight, body temperature, infectious viral titers, and viral RNA loads were evaluated. The trivalent vaccine induced binding and neutralizing antibodies against all three vaccine components, and titers rose after the booster dose. Neutralizing responses were highest against the BA.5 component. Vaccinated mice showed 100% survival following challenge with each vaccine-matched variant and maintained stable body weight and temperature throughout the observation period. Unvaccinated controls challenged with Omicron BA.5 showed no mortality, so protection against this component could be assessed only virologically. No infectious virus was detected in the lungs of vaccinated animals, while viral titers and RNA loads in the nasal turbinates were significantly reduced compared with unvaccinated controls. A trivalent whole-virion inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine containing ancestral, Delta, and Omicron BA.5 antigens elicited variant-specific humoral immunity and protected mice against challenge with each vaccine-matched component: against lethal challenge for the ancestral and Delta components, and against viral burden for Omicron BA.5, which was not lethal in unvaccinated controls. These outcomes were obtained at a lower per-antigen dose than in our previously reported monovalent and bivalent formulations; because those were independent studies rather than contemporaneous comparators, this suggests a dose-sparing potential that warrants formal evaluation rather than demonstrating one. Cross-protection against variants not included in the formulation was not assessed.

PMID 42944012
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PubMedVeterinary sciences2026-10-27

Immunization Efficacy of a Commercialized Inactivated Mycoplasma bovis (Strain HM) Vaccine in Calves at a Large-Scale Dairy Farm in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province.

Li Yingjian Y, Zhang Ruihua R, Jin Yiquan Y, Wang Lei L et al.

Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis)-positive clinical Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) seriously threatens the survival and growth of calves. Against the global backdrop of escalating antimicrobial resistance, effective vaccines represent a promising strategy for the prevention and control of M. bovis-positive clinical BRD. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological features of BRD on a large-scale dairy farm in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, and to assess the efficacy of an inactivated M. bovis strain HM vaccine using a randomized, double-blind, controlled field trial conducted during the high-incidence season. In total, 200 healthy 3-4-week-old Holstein calves seronegative for M. bovis-specific antibodies were randomly allocated to either a vaccine group or a control group. Calves in the vaccine group received two intramuscular vaccine doses on day 0 and day 14, while control calves received an equal volume of placebo at identical time points. The entire trial spanned 194 days. A comprehensive assessment was carried out, including vaccine tolerability, growth performance, serum antibody and cytokine profiles, BRD incidence, infection rates of common pathogens, and vaccine protective efficacy. The results showed that the farm-level annual BRD incidence was 9.27%, consistent with typical temporal-spatial-herd distribution patterns. Calves exhibited good tolerability after vaccination, and the vaccine had no adverse effect on body-weight gain. Importantly, vaccination markedly elevated serum specific antibody levels, seropositivity rates, and concentrations of inflammatory cytokines including IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 (p < 0.05). Moreover, vaccination reduced the risk of M. bovis-positive clinical BRD by 61% and decreased infection risks for several respiratory pathogens. Collectively, this inactivated vaccine demonstrated satisfactory tolerability and protective effects, providing critical technical evidence for the prevention and control of M. bovis-positive clinical BRD in dairy farms.

PMID 42944122
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PubMedAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026-10-27

An mRNA-LNP Vaccine Encoding the Erns-E1-E2 Polyprotein Confers Complete Protection Against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Mice.

Yue Zongzhe Z, Li Yanmin Y, Yang Hongjun H, Bian Shiao S et al.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) remains a major barrier to sustainable livestock development. Conventional BVDV vaccines are limited by inherent drawbacks such as potential virulence reversion and insufficient protective efficacy, which severely hamper global BVDV eradication efforts. mRNA vaccine technology, characterized by high expression efficiency, a favorable safety profile, and scalable manufacturing, offers a promising platform for next-generation BVDV vaccine development. In this study, we developed an mRNA-LNP vaccine candidate (Erns/E1/E2 vaccine) encoding the full-length structural glycoproteins Erns, E1 and E2, and systematically evaluated its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in BALB/c mice. The E2 extracellular domain-human IgG1 Fc fusion mRNA vaccine (E2/IgG1 vaccine) and a commercial inactivated BVDV vaccine served as controls. Our results demonstrated that the Erns/E1/E2 vaccine elicited significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers (log10NT50 = 2.50 ± 0.082) and lymphocyte proliferation responses (stimulation index = 6.927 ± 0.145) than both control vaccines at 28 days post-primary vaccination (two weeks post-booster). Notably, no viral RNA was detected in any tissue or blood samples from Erns/E1/E2-immunized mice at any time point following BVDV challenge, indicating complete immune protection against viral infection, whereas viral loads were consistently detected in multiple tissues of both control groups. These findings establish the Erns/E1/E2 vaccine as a highly promising BVDV vaccine candidate and provide critical experimental support for advancing mRNA-based BVDV vaccine development.

PMID 42939244
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PubMedMicroorganisms2026-10-27

SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection Reveals Platform-Associated Long-Term Immune Remodeling in a Central Asian Cohort.

Akhmaltdinova Lyudmila L, Bekbossynova Makhabbat M, Dossybayeva Kuanysh K, Tauekelova Ainur A et al.

This study aimed to evaluate platform-specific immune memory trajectories in patients with breakthrough COVID-19 over a 12-month period. This prospective longitudinal study enrolled adults hospitalized with PCR-confirmed COVID-19. Participants were stratified according to prior COVID-19 vaccination status into three groups: unvaccinated, adenoviral-vector-vaccinated, and inactivated-virus-vaccinated. Comprehensive immune profiling included quantification of humoral responses and flow cytometric analysis of T- and B-cell memory subsets. Group differences were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis tests; longitudinal naïve CD8+ T-cell dynamics were modeled using linear mixed-effects models; multivariate immune signatures were identified using random forest classification with SHAP analysis. The most distinct cellular finding was a sustained reduction in naïve CD8+ T cells in the adenoviral-vector-vaccine group, which persisted for 12 months in patients without pneumonia. Machine learning models demonstrated high discriminative performance for patients without pneumonia (AUC = 0.89-0.92), identifying a specific triad of markers in the adenoviral-vector-vaccine group: decreased naïve CD8+ T cells, decreased double-negative effector memory T cells, and increased naïve CD19+ B cells. Linear mixed-effects modeling confirmed that contraction of the naïve CD8+ T-cell compartment over time was significant exclusively in AdV recipients, whereas pneumonia was the dominant predictor in unvaccinated individuals. No significant temporal or disease-related dynamics were observed in the inactivated vaccine group, whose immune profiles largely overlapped with those of unvaccinated individuals. COVID-19 vaccine platforms induce distinct, durable immune imprints that modulate responses to subsequent breakthrough infections. The adenoviral-vector platform was associated with unique phenotypic remodeling of the T-cell compartment, specifically persistent contraction of the naïve CD8+ pool. These findings suggest that the vaccine platform itself, beyond the target antigen, shapes the trajectory of immune competence and long-term memory.

PMID 42943491
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PubMedJournal of clinical medicine2026-10-27

Differences in Pulp Wound Healing and Regenerative Potential Between SHEDs and DPSCs.

Baldeon-Gutierrez Rosa R, Terajima Masahiko M, Hori Yuria Y, Bando Ryo R et al.

Several challenges limit effective pulp wound healing during vital pulp therapies (VPTs) and pulp regeneration in necrotic teeth. Recent advances in regenerative therapies using dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promise for improving tissue repair and expanding minimally invasive treatment strategies. Among these cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have gained attention for cell-based VPTs (CB-VPTs) and cell-based regenerative endodontic procedures (CB-REPs). However, little is known about whether SHEDs or DPSCs perform better in CB-VPTs and CB-REPs, particularly regarding wound healing and dentin-pulp regeneration. To date, few studies have compared SHED and DPSC outcomes; separately, CB-VPTs and CB-REPs have shown promising outcomes with both cell types. Dentin bridge formation was generally observed following cell-free approaches, whereas recent in vivo studies of CB-VPTs and CB-REPs have additionally demonstrated the formation of pulp-like tissue. Histological analysis in animal models has identified odontoblasts, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and connective tissue following CB-REPs using SHEDs or DPSCs. In humans, histological evidence of pulp-like tissue regeneration after SHED CB-REPs has been reported in a single patient. Collectively, preclinical findings and limited clinical evidence suggested that CB-REPs may support injury resolution accompanied by histological regeneration of pulp-like tissue. Both SHEDs and DPSCs represent promising candidates for CB-VPTs and CB-REPs; however, further comparative studies and randomized clinical trials are needed to strengthen the evidence on clinical effectiveness. This review examines the biological properties and regenerative potential of SHEDs and DPSCs within the dentin-pulp complex.

PMID 42941676
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PubMedViruses2026-10-27

Generation and Characterization of Single-Domain Antibodies Against the D-Antigen of Sabin Poliovirus Types 2 and 3.

Ermakova Maya M, Ivanov Sergey S, Shmeleva Olga O, Borisenko Nadezhda N et al.

A panel of monoclonal nanobodies (VHH) specific to poliovirus Sabin strains types 2 and 3 has been generated and characterized. For poliovirus Sabin type 2, a panel of four serotype-specific single-domain antibodies was obtained. Notably, two of these antibodies, S2-C5 and S2-D5, were able to discriminate between D- and H-antigens. Three nanobodies specifically neutralized poliovirus Sabin type 2 and exhibited no neutralizing activity against the homologous wild-type MEF-1 strain or other poliovirus serotypes. Among the four nanobodies selected against Sabin type 3, S3-A2 and S3-G1 demonstrated high serotype specificity in ELISAs. When used as a capture antibody in the ELISA, S3-G1 showed preferential binding to D-antigen over H-antigen. However, the type 3 nanobodies did not display virus-neutralizing activity. The obtained antibodies represent promising tools for improving existing immunoassays based on polyclonal antibodies by increasing D-antigen specificity and may facilitate the development of next-generation ELISA systems for the quality control of inactivated polio vaccines.

PMID 42944066
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