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formoterol + fluticasone propionate (Abriff / Formoterol Combi / KRP108)

✓ Approved

Zambon · ADRB2 · 小分子

什么是 formoterol + fluticasone propionate？

formoterol + fluticasone propionate 是一种小分子，由Zambon研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Inhaled。

药物档案

商品名Abriff, Formoterol Combi, KRP108
公司Zambon
药物类别小分子
分子靶点ADRB2, NR3C1
给药途径Inhaled
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Zambon

作用机制

分子靶点

formoterol + fluticasone propionate 作用于 2 个分子靶点：

ADRB2adrenoceptor beta 2 (B2AR, ARB2)
NR3C1nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (GR, GCCR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

formoterol + fluticasone propionate 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersAsthma✓ Approved
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersChronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePhase III

相关研究文献

PubMedJournal of phycology2026-09-10

Genome-scale insights into metabolic streamlining and photosynthetic energy balance in the extremophile green alga Picocystis salinarum (Picocystophyceae, Chlorophyta).

Lemieux Claude C, Otis Christian C, Turmel Monique M

Picocystis salinarum is an early-diverging chlorophyte and the sole described member of the Picocystophyceae, frequently dominating hypersaline and alkaline lakes despite extreme physicochemical constraints. To elucidate the genomic foundations of its ecological success, we generated a fully annotated, chromosome-scale nuclear genome assembly of the type strain originally isolated from a saline pond in San Francisco Bay. The 18.5-Mb genome comprises 30 chromosomal assemblies, exhibits clear diploidy, and contains multiple copies of intact Ty3/Gypsy and Ty1/Copia long terminal repeat retrotransposons encoding polyproteins with atypical accessory domains. Phylogenomic analyses reveal strong affinity with the Nephroselmidophyceae. Comparative analyses reveal extensive metabolic streamlining, including the absence of a queuosine salvage pathway, the 2-methylcitrate cycle, β-oxidation of propionate, and branched-chain amino acid catabolism, traits retained in several marine prasinophyte lineages. In contrast, the genome preserves multiple ancestral bacterial derived systems. Notably, P. salinarum features a complete chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex, including all membrane, electron binding, and assembly components, a configuration not previously reported in sequenced chlorophyte algae. This retention implies substantial capacity for cyclic electron flow and chlororespiration, processes expected to be critical in chronically low-light and chemically extreme environments. The genome further reveals a distinctive biochemical CO2-concentrating mechanism centered on plastid-targeted phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, complete plastid peptidoglycan biosynthetic and remodeling pathways, and partial retention of lipid-A-related machinery. Conversely, P. salinarum lacks canonical non-photochemical quenching proteins while retaining xanthophyll-cycle enzymes that support slower photoprotective responses. Together, these features define a coordinated genomic architecture that underpins the specialization of P. salinarum to hypersaline, alkaline, and persistently low-light ecosystems.

PMID 42717851
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PubMedTransplantation and cellular therapy2026-09-10

Early gut microbiome metabolites and diversity predict GVHD-free survival after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Kaundal Shaweta S, Patil Amol N AN, Khatri Pankaj P, Jana Pradipta P et al.

Disruption of the gut microbiome has been implicated in graft‑versus‑host disease (GVHD) and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). However, prior studies have focused on GVHD‑specific or mortality endpoints in isolation rather than integrated measures of transplant success. We evaluated whether early gut microbial metabolic injury and impaired ecological recovery are associated with GVHD‑free survival (GFS), a composite endpoint incorporating clinically significant GVHD and death. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study of 62 patients undergoing allogeneic HCT at a single center. Stool samples were collected before conditioning and at weeks 2 and 4 after HCT. Fecal short‑chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and microbial diversity was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Prespecified landmark analyses were performed at day +15 (week‑2 biomarkers) and day +28 (week‑4 biomarkers). The primary endpoint was GFS at 24‑months, defined as survival without grade II-IV acute GVHD, moderate-severe chronic GVHD, or death. Multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for key clinical covariates were used, with biomarkers modeled as log₂‑transformed continuous variables. During follow‑up, 43 patients (69%) experienced GFS failure, due to acute GVHD (n=18), chronic GVHD (n=18), or death without prior GVHD (n=7). In day +15 landmark analyses, higher week‑2 concentrations of all three SCFAs were independently associated with improved GFS: butyrate (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] per doubling 0.81, 95% CI 0.71-0.93; p=0.002), propionate (aHR 0.83, 95% CI 0.75-0.93; p<0.001), and acetate (aHR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74-0.97; p=0.018). In day +28 landmark analyses, recovery of microbial diversity at week 4 was independently associated with GFS, with each doubling of the Simpson diversity index associated with a lower hazard of GFS failure (aHR 0.53, 95% CI 0.34-0.83; p=0.005). Similar associations were observed for Shannon diversity (aHR 0.51, 95% CI 0.30-0.84; p=0.009), whereas Chao1 richness showed a concordant but borderline association (aHR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41-1.02; p=0.061). Early post‑transplant depletion of microbiome‑derived metabolites and impaired recovery of gut microbial diversity are independently associated with inferior GVHD‑free survival after allogeneic HCT. These findings are consistent with temporally distinct associations between early metabolic injury and subsequent ecological recovery and support further investigation of microbiome‑directed strategies to improve transplant outcomes.

PMID 42722156
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PubMedAdvances in laboratory medicine2026-09-09

When rare diseases do not appear as a single entity.

Solares Isabel I, Alegre Estibaliz E, Colina Inmaculada I, Gavira Juan Jose JJ et al.

The coexistence of multisystemic involvement in a young adult raises the need to consider rare metabolic and mitochondrial disorders. We report a case of late-onset propionic acidemia (PPA) that may have contributed to unmasking Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), an extremely infrequent association. A 43-year-old woman presented with acute biventricular heart failure following a viral infection. Evaluation revealed severe dilated cardiomyopathy, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Genetic testing for cardiomyopathy was unremarkable. Two months later, she developed sudden bilateral blindness due to optic neuropathy. Extended genetic analysis identified a pathogenic RDH12 variant consistent with LHON and two POLG variants. Progressive renal dysfunction and long QTc interval prompted metabolic investigation. Urine organic acids showed marked accumulation of propionate-related metabolites, and plasma acylcarnitines revealed elevated C3 and low free carnitine, confirming late-onset PPA. The pattern of cardiac dysfunction, renal impairment, and hearing loss was consistent with chronic multisystem toxicity of PPA. In this patient, mitochondrial dysfunction from PPA may have precipitated the clinical expression of LHON, a condition with incomplete penetrance. This exceptional coexistence highlights that rare diseases may overlap and that unexplained multisystem findings warrant comprehensive metabolic and genetic evaluation.

PMID 42713573
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PubMedFrontiers in microbiology2026-09-09

Integrative analysis of rumen microbiome and host metabolism reveals adaptive strategies of Boer goats to high-altitude environments.

Xu Huifen H, Niu Huidong H, Liu Jiapei J, Cuoji Awang A et al.

The transition to high-altitude environments presents significant metabolic challenges for livestock, primarily due to hypoxia and altered dietary resources. Understanding the adaptive strategies involving the rumen microbiome and host metabolism is crucial for improving animal health and productivity in these regions. This study investigated the adaptive responses of Boer goats to high-altitude exposure by integrating ruminal fermentation, ruminal and fecal microbiota, and serum metabolomics. The results demonstrated that high-altitude exposure markedly reshaped ruminal fermentation, microbiota composition, and serum metabolome of Boer goats. Concomitant with the elevational shift, the ruminal pH increased, whereas acetic acid concentration and the acetate-to-propionate ratio decreased; however, fecal volatile fatty acid concentrations remained unchanged. Microbial alpha diversity was reduced in both ruminal and fecal samples. The high-altitude rumen of Boer goats was characterized by an enrichment of fiber-degradation-associated taxa, accompanied by significantly elevated relative abundances of Firmicutes_A, Ruminococcus_E, as well as a heightened Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio; in contrast, the relative abundances of fecal Patescibacteria, Faecousia, and Phocaeicola_A were decreased. Serum metabolomics profiling revealed that the acclimatization of Boer goats to high altitudes was characterized by profound alterations in energy and amino acid metabolism, coupled with hydromineral regulation and neuroactive metabolite pathways. Notably, energy-related metabolites, including 2-oxoglutaric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and L-malic acid, were elevated in the high-altitude cohort and positively correlated with fibrolytic taxa such as Fibrobacterota, Fibrobacter and Ruminococcus_E. In summary, the metabolic synergy between the rumen microbiome and the host likely contributes to maintaining energy homeostasis in Boer goats in high-altitude environments. These findings provide a useful reference for developing targeted nutritional strategies to improve goat farming in plateau regions.

PMID 42713482
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PubMedERJ open research2026-09-08

A study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of two stepwise pharmacological treatment approaches to adult asthma: inhaled corticosteroid/formoterol reliever- versus short-acting β2-agonist reliever-based therapy - Asthma on TRACK.

Sayers Ross R, Cullen Ryan R, Oldfield Karen K, Barrett Jonathan J et al.

No randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have compared inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/formoterol reliever-based stepwise algorithms with short-acting β-agonist (SABA) reliever-based stepwise algorithms, titrated to levels of asthma control and exacerbations. Knowledge gaps remain in understanding ICS exposure over time, transitions between treatment steps, efficacy and participant satisfaction with different algorithm approaches. The aim of the study is to determine the exposure to ICS in adults and adolescents aged 16 to 75 years treated with a budesonide/formoterol reliever-based algorithm (Algorithm 1) compared to a salbutamol reliever-based algorithm (Algorithm 2) across the spectrum of asthma severity. This is an investigator-initiated, 52-week, single-site, open-label, parallel-groups, 2-arm RCT of 152 adults and adolescents with mild, moderate and moderate-severe asthma (ACTRN12624001488594). Participants will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to a budesonide/formoterol reliever-based or a salbutamol reliever-based algorithm. Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) treatment step at enrolment according to the 2024 GINA Guidelines will be used to allocate participants to the corresponding steps of each algorithm. Treatment step transition will be in response to asthma exacerbations and level of asthma control. Those experiencing exacerbations or poorly controlled asthma will be stepped up, and those well controlled stepped down. The primary outcome is ICS exposure. Important secondary outcomes include composite systemic corticosteroid exposure, rates of asthma exacerbations, asthma control, T-helper 2 biomarkers, spirometry and participants' treatment perceptions and satisfaction. This is the first RCT to compare ICS/formoterol- and SABA-based reliever stepwise algorithmic approaches in asthma, with treatment adjusted according to asthma control and exacerbations.

PMID 42707905
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PubMedBMC veterinary research2026-09-08

Analysis of reproductive behavior in male pigeons in the White Mirthys and Egyptian Baladi breeds injected with testosterone propionate.

Mohamed Omar A OA, Reyad Albert R AR, Elkomy Alaa E AE, Khattab Ibrahim M IM

In pigeons, reproductive success is driven primarily by male courtship and copulatory behavior, both of which require threshold levels of circulating testosterone. This study investigated the effects of exogenous testosterone propionate (TP) injection on serum testosterone levels, aggressive behaviors, sexual displays, nest defense, parental care, reproductive cycles, and squab mortality in two pigeon breeds (Columba livia): White Mirthys and Egyptian Baladi. A total of 27 adult pairs of White Mirthys pigeons and 27 adult pairs of Egyptian Baladi pigeons were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (n = 9 pairs per breed per group; total N = 54 cages). Treatments consisted of male-directed subcutaneous injections of either a vehicle control (CON; ethanol and sesame oil mixture) or TP at doses of 1 mg/kg (T1) or 2 mg/kg of body weight (T2). Baseline serum testosterone was 47.9% higher in White Mirthys than Egyptian Baladi pigeons (P < 0.001). Repeated-measures analysis showed a significant Time×Treatment interaction (P < 0.001) as TP induced dose-dependent elevations in both lineages. TP heightened aggression; female and squab pecking increased uniformly (P < 0.001), while a significant Breed×Treatment interaction (P < 0.001) governed squab predation, which surged exclusively in White Mirthys high-dose groups but remained suppressed in Baladi. For sexual behavior, strutting showed a significant interaction (P = 0.003), suppressing earlier in White Mirthys (T1) before converging at T2, whereas vocal nesting and courtship feeding followed identical quadratic trajectories (P < 0.001). Brood care feeding exhibited a significant interaction (P < 0.001); TP entirely abolished the Baladi breed's superior baseline, suppressing provisioning to a near-zero floor across both lines. Defense metrics plateaued uniformly (P < 0.001). Offspring survival was compromised via a significant Breed×Treatment interaction (P = 0.002); mortality rose from 5.6% (CON) to 15.2% (T2), peaking at 23.1% in White Mirthys due to neglect and aggression, but remained insulated at 5.6% in Baladi. The hatching-to-laying interval shortened exclusively in Baladi T2 pairs to 25.6 days (P = 0.021). In conclusion, exogenous testosterone propionate administration was associated with increased nest defense but reduced visual courtship, suppressed paternal provisioning, and higher squab mortality. Furthermore, these behavioral shifts were significantly modulated by breed background, with the White Mirthys lineage demonstrating marked vulnerability compared to the insulated resilience of the native Egyptian Baladi breed.

PMID 42706552
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