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Rho(D) Immune Globulin

✓ Approved

CSL Limited · 多克隆抗体 · 多克隆抗体

什么是 Rho(D) Immune Globulin？

Rho(D) Immune Globulin 是一种多克隆抗体，由CSL Limited研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intravenous (IV)。

药物档案

公司CSL Limited
药物类别多克隆抗体, 抗体
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, CSL Limited

治疗适应症

Rho(D) Immune Globulin 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Congenital, familial and genetic disordersRhesus haemolytic disease of newborn✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-09-10

Sequential antibody induction for immune tolerance in clinical organ transplantation: a feasibility review of immunosuppressant withdrawal protocols.

Li Yachao Y, Chen Fuxia F, He Xia X, Yan Lian L et al.

Long-term immunosuppressant use after solid organ transplantation causes serious complications, including chronic rejection, infection, malignancy, and metabolic disorders, which has motivated the clinical pursuit of immune tolerance induction. Sequential antibody induction protocols - using peri-transplant antibodies (e.g., alemtuzumab, anti-thymocyte globulin, belatacept, anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies) combined with phased reduction or withdrawal of maintenance drugs - aim to establish "operational tolerance" or complete tolerance. This review systematically examines the immunological rationale and major clinical strategies (T-cell depletion, costimulation blockade, mixed chimerism, and regulatory cell therapy). Based on efficacy, safety, and feasibility, we propose four novel sequential regimens with explicit evidence levels. Our multidimensional feasibility assessment - covering cost, complexity, risk-benefit, patient selection, and regulatory barriers - indicates that costimulation-blockade protocols currently offer the best balance for near-term clinical use, whereas chimerism approaches are the most effective but remain restricted to specialised centres. Future work should integrate precise immune stratification, advanced antibody engineering, and cell-based therapies to facilitate individualized sequential protocols, ultimately moving the field from lifelong immunosuppression to controlled immune tolerance.

PMID 42719099
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PubMedTissue barriers2026-09-10

Cathepsin D as a central regulator of extracellular matrix remodeling in wound healing and chronic tissue pathologies.

Rangappa Shobith S, Gowda Ss Thammanna T, Hanumesh Parimala P, K Prashantha P et al.

Wound healing is a dynamic and multifactorial process involving coordinated interactions among extracellular matrix (ECM) components, growth factors, proteolytic enzymes, and immune and stromal cells. An essential yet often underappreciated aspect of this process is restoration of the epithelial permeability barrier, which prevents fluid loss and microbial invasion following injury. Disruption of this coordination contributes to chronic, non-healing wounds such as diabetic ulcers and venous leg ulcers, which remain major clinical challenges. Recent advances identify cathepsins, particularly cathepsin D, as key proteases that extend beyond lysosomal degradation to regulate critical events in tissue repair. Cathepsin D modulates keratinocyte proliferation, fibroblast invasion, angiogenesis, and ECM remodeling, and supports re-epithelialization through processing of structural proteins such as transglutaminase 1. Emerging evidence indicates that cathepsin D indirectly influences junctional remodeling, including tight and adherens junction dynamics, thereby facilitating permeability barrier reformation during wound closure. Its activity is regulated by oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products, inflammatory mediators, and iron metabolism - factors highly relevant to chronic wound microenvironments. Beyond proteolysis, cathepsin D shapes fibroblast and macrophage phenotypes and processes vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), integrating metabolic and signaling pathways essential for tissue regeneration. Collectively, these findings position cathepsin D as a mechanistic regulator and promising therapeutic target in wound biology. This review synthesizes mechanistic insights linking cathepsin D-mediated proteolysis to epithelial junction reorganization and permeability barrier recovery, and highlights emerging therapeutic strategies for improving chronic wound healing.

PMID 42720228
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PubMedFrontiers in veterinary science2026-09-10

Dietary Echinacea purpurea polysaccharide supplementation improves antioxidative status, intestinal immune, and structure of cecal microbiota in Mahuang chickens.

Peng Su S, Zhang Zhiying Z, Huang Xiaojie X, Xiao Yaqi Y et al.

Echinacea purpurea polysaccharide (EPP), a key bioactive constituent of the natural immunostimulant E. purpurea, shows potential as a poultry feed additive. This study evaluated EPP's impact on growth performance, serum biochemistry indices, organ index, antioxidant capacity, immunity, intestinal health, and microbiota in Mahuang chickens. A total of 180 one-day-old Mahuang chicks (initial average body weight 39.10 ± 0.51 g) were randomly divided into six groups (six replicates, five chicks per replicate): a basal diet with 0 (CON), 0.1 g/kg levamisole hydrochloride (LMS), 100 mg/kg EPP (EPP100), 200 mg/kg EPP (EPP200), 400 mg/kg EPP (EPP400), and 800 mg/kg EPP (EPP800) for 42 days. The results showed that EPP did not affect serum biochemical indices and organ index, but significantly improved growth performance by increasing body weight gain (d 21) (p < 0.05). Additionally, EPP improved intestinal (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) morphology by increasing villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, and decreasing crypt depth (d 21 and d 42) (p < 0.05). Com-pared to the CON and LMS groups, EPP significantly increased superoxide dismutase activity (p = 0.011) and total antioxidant capacity activity (p = 0.001) (d 21), elevated the levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) M (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p = 0.038) (d 21), and upregulated intestinal barrier-related genes (d 21 and d 42) (p < 0.05). 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that EPP treatment increased the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio. EPP also elevated the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Butyricicoccus, Oscillospira, and Akkermansia, while decreasing the relative abundance of Streptococcus (p < 0.05). Overall, the EPP groups outperformed the CON and LMS groups, with the high-dose groups (EPP400, EPP800) showing superior effects to the low-dose groups (EPP100, EPP200). In summary, this study confirmed that supplementing with EPP could boost growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity, intestinal barrier function, and cecal microbial community in Mahuang chickens without adverse effects, and the 400-800 mg/kg EPP appears to be optimal. This highlights the potential of EPP as a safe and effective alternative to synthetic immunostimulants in poultry production.

PMID 42718682
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PubMedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026-09-10

Interpretable machine learning identifies immune-inflammatory and immunothrombotic biomarkers for myocardial injury and mortality risk stratification in severe pneumonia with diverse infectious etiologies.

Wang Yicheng Y, Li Feng F, Yan Tianqiang T, Wu Yi Y et al.

Severe pneumonia is frequently associated with dysregulated immune-inflammatory responses and immunothrombotic activation, contributing to myocardial injury and adverse clinical outcomes. Early identification of patients at high risk for myocardial injury and mortality across varied infectious etiologies remains challenging. We aimed to characterize inflammatory and coagulation-related signatures associated with myocardial injury and construct interpretable machine learning models for risk stratification in patients with severe pneumonia. This retrospective cohort study enrolled 287 adult patients with severe pneumonia admitted to the intensive care unit from 2018 to 2024. All patients were stratified into groups with bacterial infection, COVID-19 and bacterial co-infection, and influenza and bacterial co-infection. Clinical variables collected within 48 h after admission were analyzed using multivariable regression, competing-risk models, and interpretable machine learning. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to identify key predictive features. Myocardial injury was highly prevalent across all infectious subgroups. Patients with bacterial infection exhibited an exacerbated inflammatory and coagulation burden, characterized by elevated leukocyte counts, D-dimer levels, and prolonged prothrombin time. Multivariate analysis confirmed that D-dimer, prothrombin time, and creatinine were independently associated with myocardial injury. Machine learning analyses identified coagulation and inflammatory markers as major contributors to myocardial injury risk. For mortality prediction, the XGBoost model yielded optimal predictive performance with an AUC of 0.85. SHAP analysis revealed that vasopressor administration, prothrombin time, advanced cardiovascular support, age, and hypoxemia were the top prognostic determinants for mortality. Although infectious etiology was not independently associated with mortality, patients with myocardial injury and bacterial infection exhibited the poorest survival outcomes. Inflammatory and immunothrombotic signatures are closely associated with myocardial injury and adverse outcomes in severe pneumonia. Interpretable machine learning models exhibited promising discriminative performance for both myocardial injury and all-cause mortality in our cohort. Although the initial training dataset was derived from a single center with a relatively limited sample size, we performed temporal validation in this study, which preliminarily suggested the potential clinical applicability of these models for the early identification of high-risk patients.

PMID 42718706
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PubMedTransplantation2026-09-10

Study on the Antirejection Effects of the Dual ICOS and CD28 Antagonist Acazicolcept (ALPN-101) in Mouse Skin and Heart Transplantation Models.

Guo Leigang L, Ma Xiaojingnan X, Ma Tingting T, Yang Zhen Z et al.

T cell-mediated rejection significantly constrains the success of organ transplantation. T-cell activation relies on the complementary CD28 and ICOS costimulatory pathways. Thus, this research assessed a new dual CD28/ICOS antagonist, acazicolcept, in rigorous allogeneic transplantation models. Mouse models for allogeneic skin transplantation and abdominal heterotopic heart transplantation were developed. Recipients received acazicolcept, PBS, FK506, or single-pathway antagonists (belatacept or prezalumab). Graft viability, histopathological analysis, and T-cell infiltration were evaluated. Flow cytometry assessed spleen and blood lymphocyte subsets and costimulatory molecules. Donor-specific antibodies and graft C4d deposition were assessed to evaluate humoral responses. Acazicolcept significantly extended the median survival time of skin and heart allografts to 31 d and 42.5 d, respectively, substantially surpassing other groups and mitigated histopathological damage. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that the drug simultaneously downregulated the surface expression of CD28 and ICOS on T cells; effectively inhibited the development of effector memory T cells (Tem); and reduced the expression of PD-1 and CD69, reflecting a profound attenuation of early T-cell activation. Moreover, acazicolcept markedly inhibited humoral immune responses, as demonstrated by diminished C4d deposition in grafts and lowered levels of donor-specific antibody-IgG/IgM in peripheral blood. Acazicolcept exhibits robust, superior antirejection efficacy compared with single-pathway blockades by concurrently inhibiting CD28 and ICOS signals. This dual mechanism effectively suppresses T-cell activation, effector memory differentiation, and the subsequent antibody-mediated response, offering a robust preclinical justification for its clinical advancement in solid organ transplantation.

PMID 42717303
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PubMedFrontiers in pharmacology2026-09-10

Pretreatment myopia progression is associated with the response to 0.01% atropine: a post-hoc secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Wei Shi-Fei SF, Bai Wei-Ling WL, Sun Yun-Yun YY, An Wen-Zai WZ et al.

To determine which subgroup of children would best benefit from 0.01% atropine eyedrop. This post hoc secondary analysis assessed 68 subjects. Placebo for the first year and 0.01% atropine eye drops for the second year. According to the annual spherical equivalent progression (SEP) during the first year, subjects were subdivided into three groups: slow, moderate and fast (annual SEP > -0.50 D, -1.00 D < annual SEP ≤ -0.50 D, annual SEP ≤ -1.00 D, respectively). After 1 year of 0.01% atropine treatment, SEP was -0.37 ± 0.23 D, -0.57 ± 0.38 D, and -0.68 ± 0.49 D in the slow, moderate, and fast progression groups (P = 0.17). The group with faster SEP during the first year still showed faster SEP after treatment. The reduction of SEP (SEP of the second year minus SEP of the first year) in the moderate group was more than that in the slow group (0.22 ± 0.37 D vs. -0.10 ± 0.21 D, P = 0.007); the fast group was more than that in the slow group (0.57 ± 0.55 D vs. -0.10 ± 0.21 D, P < 0.001) and the moderate group (0.57 ± 0.55 D vs. 0.22 ± 0.37 D, P = 0.02). Faster SEP before treatment is related to the reduction efficiency (β = -0.5, P = 0.01). Faster SEP before treatment is associated with a better treatment response to 0.01% atropine eye drops, with greater reduction in SEP after treatment. However, no significant association was found between baseline progression and axial elongation changes. Children with slow SEP cannot get significant myopia control benefit from 1-year 0.01% atropine treatment. clinicaltrials.gov, identifier ChiCTR-IOR-17013898.

PMID 42719043
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