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triamcinolone acetonide (Azmacort 134a / KI03216 / Azmacort CFC)

✓ Approved

AbbVie, Inc. · NR3C1 · 小分子

什么是 triamcinolone acetonide？

triamcinolone acetonide 是一种小分子，由AbbVie, Inc.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Inhaled、Topical。

药物档案

商品名Azmacort 134a, KI03216, Azmacort CFC
公司AbbVie, Inc.
药物类别小分子
分子靶点NR3C1
给药途径Inhaled, Topical
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, AbbVie, Inc.

作用机制

分子靶点

triamcinolone acetonide 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

NR3C1nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (GR, GCCR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

triamcinolone acetonide 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersAsthma✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedAmerican journal of ophthalmology case reports2026-07-26

Delayed Candida keratitis associated with Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty.

Shaath Deena D, Harocopos George G, Walsh James J, Snowden Adam A et al.

Our purpose is to report a unique case of Candida interface keratitis that remained quiescent for 3 years after Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), within the endokeratoplasty graft itself, in a patient with underlying uveitis and local immunosuppression from a corticosteroid implant. We describe a 20-year-old woman with a history of congenital glaucoma and secondary corneal edema who exhibited delayed worsening of fungal keratitis requiring treatment 3 years after a DSEK and concurrent fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implantation. The patient was treated with topical, oral, and intrastromal antifungals without resolution of infection, necessitating a therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty. The corneal button showed Candida lusitaniae infection located between the posterior stroma and Descemet's membrane within the endokeratoplasty graft. This report describes a case of late-developing fungal keratitis 3 years after DSEK that occurred in the graft itself, in the plane between the posterior stroma and Descemet's membrane, rather than between the donor and host cornea. This highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for fungal keratitis in patients with persistent or worsening opacities in endothelial keratoplasty grafts.

PMID 42502364
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PubMedCase reports in dermatology2026-07-25

High-Potency Depigmenting Mask Delivered via 1,927-nm Fractional Laser in Refractory Melasma: A Pilot Case Series.

Piquero-Casals Jaime J, Mir-Bonafé Juan Francisco JF, Rozas-Muñoz Eduardo E, Piquero-Casals Vanesa V et al.

Melasma is a chronic, relapsing hyperpigmentation disorder and may remain refractory despite multiple topical agents and procedural approaches. We report a case series of six women with Fitzpatrick skin types III-V and longstanding, treatment-resistant facial melasma managed with a multimodal protocol consisting of (1) a 16-week home regimen (twice-daily depigmenting cosmeceutical serum and daily high-protection sunscreen) and (2) two sessions of low-energy, low-density 1,927-nm fractional thulium laser at 4-week intervals, immediately followed by laser-assisted delivery of a compounded depigmenting mask (hydroquinone, retinoic acid, kojic acid, triamcinolone acetonide, vitamins C and E). Clinical response was assessed using the Melasma Severity Scale (MSS), standardized photography, and patient satisfaction. At week 16, all patients improved: 4 achieved >75% clinical improvement and 2 achieved 50-75% improvement, with high satisfaction and no significant adverse events beyond transient darkening and mild desquamation. Clinical benefits remained stable 12 weeks after the final laser session. This case series suggests that 1,927-nm fractional thulium laser-assisted delivery of a high-potency depigmenting compound, supported by topical priming and strict photoprotection, may be a feasible option for selected patients with refractory melasma.

PMID 42499700
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PubMedCureus2026-07-24

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Characteristics of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis Treated With Ultrasound-Guided Intralesional Steroid Injection.

Bitencourt Larissa L, Mascarenhas Luiza L

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare benign chronic inflammatory breast disease with heterogeneous clinical and radiologic presentations and no standardized treatment. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, radiologic, and therapeutic characteristics of patients with biopsy-proven idiopathic granulomatous mastitis treated with ultrasound-guided intralesional steroid injection. We conducted a retrospective observational study at a breast department in Salvador, Brazil. Medical records from May 2023 to January 2024 were reviewed. Patients with histologically confirmed granulomatous mastitis, negative bacterial and fungal cultures, and treatment with ultrasound-guided intralesional triamcinolone acetonide were included. Clinical, radiologic, treatment, and response data were analyzed descriptively. Ten females were included. The mean age was 35.8 years, and all patients were premenopausal. Pain or tenderness with hyperemia was observed in nine patients (90%). All patients had skin involvement, and three (30%) had fistulas. The mean number of intralesional steroid injections was 3.3, and the mean follow-up was 5.7 months. Complete clinical response occurred in five patients (50%), partial response in three (30%), and no response in two (20%). Complete radiologic response occurred in four patients (40%). No patient required surgery. One patient developed skin retraction. Ultrasound-guided intralesional triamcinolone injection appears to be a feasible conservative treatment option for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, with clinical or radiologic response in most patients and limited adverse events. Larger prospective studies are needed to define optimal dosing, durability of response, recurrence rates, and long-term safety.

PMID 42495485
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PubMedBMJ open ophthalmology2026-07-24

Comparative efficacy of different treatment modalities in the management of macular oedema in retinitis pigmentosa: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Yang Hsi-An HA, Jheng Wun-Long WL, Hwang Yih-Shiou YS, Wu Wei-Chi WC et al.

To compare the efficacy of current treatments for retinitis pigmentosa (RP)-associated macular oedema using network meta-analysis (NMA). Electronic databases were searched for studies reporting changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT). A frequentist NMA was performed and treatment hierarchies were estimated using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve. 12 studies were included to compare the following: oral acetazolamide 500 mg/day, oral methazolamide 50-100 mg/day, topical dorzolamide 2% three times daily, topical ketorolac 0.5% four times daily, intravenous umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs; single administration of 3×10⁶ cells), intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEXi) 0.7 mg, intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) 4 mg, sub-Tenon TA (STTA) 20 mg, intravitreal bevacizumab 1.25 mg and intravitreal ranibizumab 0.5 mg. Regarding changes in BCVA at 3-4 months, oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) showed greater BCVA improvement compared with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies; however, no intervention demonstrated statistically significant superiority in BCVA at 12 months. At 3-4 months, DEXi, acetazolamide, methazolamide and dorzolamide demonstrated comparable CMT reduction and outperformed anti-VEGF therapies, IVTA, STTA, intravenous UCMSC and control. By 12 months, dorzolamide (vs acetazolamide: -169.50 µm (95% CI -331.83 to -7.17) and vs methazolamide: -185.49 µm (95% CI -354.35 to -16.63)) and DEXi (vs acetazolamide: -147.00 µm (95% CI -206.58 to -87.42) and vs methazolamide: -162.99 µm (95% CI -238.56 to -87.42)) provided significantly greater CMT reduction than acetazolamide and methazolamide. CAIs and DEXi demonstrated the greatest long-term anatomical benefit for RP-associated macular oedema, whereas durable BCVA gains remained limited across available therapies. While oral and topical CAIs showed comparable short-term efficacy, topical dorzolamide and DEXi provided greater long-term CMT reduction than oral CAIs. Given the limited number of studies and small sample sizes, these findings should be interpreted cautiously and validated in larger randomised controlled trials.

PMID 42493417
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PubMedCureus2026-07-23

Late Cystoid Macular Edema Following Treated Bilateral Endogenous Endophthalmitis Due to Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Case Report.

Ennassimi Youssef Y, Belghmaidi Sarah S, Tlemcani Younes Y, Moutaouakil Abdeljalil A

Endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) is a rare but potentially devastating intraocular infection resulting from hematogenous seeding of an intraocular pathogen from a distant infectious focus. Klebsiella pneumoniae is an increasingly recognized causative agent, classically associated with hepatic abscesses, particularly in Asian populations, but with a growing incidence worldwide. Despite adequate treatment, late inflammatory complications may occur; cystoid macular edema (CME) as a delayed sequela of treated EE has been rarely described in the literature. We report a 64-year-old woman with no prior ophthalmic history and a documented penicillin allergy who presented with bilateral EE secondary to K. pneumoniae hepatic abscesses. At presentation, visual acuity (VA) was counting fingers at one meter in the right eye (RE) and no light perception in the left eye (LE). Treatment included intravenous (IV) imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and metronidazole, combined with bilateral intravitreal injections of vancomycin and ceftazidime. Microbiological analysis of hepatic drainage fluid confirmed K. pneumoniae on day 5. At discharge, RE VA recovered to 8/10, while the LE required evisceration due to irreversible functional loss. Two months later, the patient presented with a sudden drop in RE VA to 1/10. Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed confluent cystic intraretinal spaces with a central macular thickness (CMT) of 620 μm and a macular volume of 11.35 mm³, consistent with inflammatory CME. After confirming infection control, two posterior sub-Tenon injections of triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/1 mL each), spaced one month apart, resulted in significant edema regression (CMT: 408 μm, average thickness: 341 μm) with VA improvement to 6/10. This case illustrates the occurrence of delayed CME as a late complication of treated EE, likely sustained by persistent subclinical inflammation mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)), disrupting the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). Sub-Tenon triamcinolone acetonide proved effective and well-tolerated. Prolonged ophthalmologic follow-up with systematic macular OCT is warranted after treated EE to enable early detection and management of late inflammatory complications such as CME.

PMID 42491781
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PubMedInternational journal of women's health2026-07-23

Local Triamcinolone Injection versus Anti-Tuberculosis Triple Therapy for Non-Puerperal Mastitis: A Comparative Study.

Yang Li L, Wang Huijing H, Ma Lixia L, Gao Dan D et al.

This study aims to compare the performance of local triamcinolone injection and anti-tuberculosis triple therapy in treating patients with non-puerperal mastitis (NPM). This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with NPM at the Breast Surgery Department of the First People's Hospital of Zunyi City between October 2021 and December 2024. Patients were categorized into the triamcinolone group and the anti-tuberculosis group based on the treatment administered. The remission rates, treatment duration, and drug-related adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. A total of 92 cases were included for final analysis, with 44 in the triamcinolone group and 48 in the anti-tuberculosis treatment group. The median treatment duration (41.50 (30.00-60.50) days vs 120.00 (90.00-187.50) days, P < 0.001), and complication rate (13.6% vs 66.7%, P < 0.001) were significantly lower in patients of the triamcinolone group, while the remission rate (91.95 (81.62-100.00)% vs 82.35 (54.55-100.00)%, P = 0.029) and partial remission rate (97.7% vs 68.8%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pathological type (OR = 0.296, 95% CI: 0.091-0.963, P = 0.040) and first affected area (OR = 1.099, 95% CI: 1.025-1.178, P = 0.008) were independent influencing factors of remission rate. Intralesional triamcinolone injection appears to be associated with shorter treatment duration, higher short-term remission rates, and fewer complications compared with antituberculosis triple therapy in patients with NPM. Given the retrospective design, these findings should be validated in prospective randomized studies.

PMID 42491725
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