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triamcinolone acetonide (Azmacort 134a / KI03216 / Azmacort CFC)

✓ Approved

AbbVie, Inc. · NR3C1 · 小分子

什么是 triamcinolone acetonide？

triamcinolone acetonide 是一种小分子，由AbbVie, Inc.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Inhaled、Topical。

药物档案

商品名Azmacort 134a, KI03216, Azmacort CFC
公司AbbVie, Inc.
药物类别小分子
分子靶点NR3C1
给药途径Inhaled, Topical
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, AbbVie, Inc.

作用机制

分子靶点

triamcinolone acetonide 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

NR3C1nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (GR, GCCR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

triamcinolone acetonide 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersAsthma✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-09-10

Case Report: Occult ocular toxocariasis revealed during vitrectomy in a child with chronic vitritis and vitreoretinal traction.

Chen Jing J, Zhang Ling L

This report describes an 11-year-old girl who presented with a 6-month history of decreased visual acuity in the left eye without ocular pain or redness. She had a history of exposure to cats and dogs. Initial ophthalmic examination showed dense vitreous inflammatory opacities and diffuse fibroproliferative traction involving the posterior pole, but no typical granulomatous lesion was visible before surgery. The patient underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling, and periocular triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg) was administered at the end of surgery for residual intraocular inflammation. During surgery, a peripheral grayish-white granulomatous lesion with associated retinal traction was identified. Paired serum and undiluted vitreous fluid testing showed elevated anti-Toxocara IgG levels, and the Goldmann-Witmer coefficient was markedly increased to 63.67, supporting local intraocular anti-Toxocara antibody production. Together with the intraoperative identification of a peripheral granulomatous lesion, these findings strongly supported the diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis. The postoperative course was uneventful, with no recurrent vitritis, new retinal lesion, retinal detachment, clinically evident macular edema, or progression of the peripheral granuloma during 12 months of follow-up. Anatomical stabilization was achieved, although visual recovery remained limited, likely because of long-standing tractional macular distortion and chronic structural damage. This case highlights that ocular toxocariasis should be considered in children with unilateral chronic vitritis and tractional vitreoretinal changes, even when a typical granuloma is not visible before surgery. Paired serum and undiluted vitreous antibody testing, together with calculation of the Goldmann-Witmer coefficient, can provide important diagnostic evidence, while vitrectomy may have both diagnostic and therapeutic value in advanced tractional cases.

PMID 42718488
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PubMedPharmaceutical development and technology2026-09-09

Sustained Intravitreal Delivery of Triamcinolone Acetonide via In Situ Forming Lipid Liquid Crystals: In-vitro and In-vivo evaluations.

Asgharian Rezae Fatemeh F, Karimi Malihe M, Abrishami Mojtaba M, Kamali Hossein H et al.

Posterior segment disorders represent a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide and remain challenging to manage due to limitations in ocular drug delivery. Although intravitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) are effective, they are invasive and require repeated administration, highlighting the need for sustained-release systems. This study aimed to develop in situ sustained-release formulations of TA using lipid liquid crystals (LLCs). Formulations were prepared with glyceryldioleate (GDO), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and 28% w/w N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) at PC:GDO ratios of 50:50, 40:60, and 60:40. Additionally, a TA-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) complex was prepared. The formulations were characterized for rheological properties, morphology, degradation behavior, and water uptake. In-vitro release was assessed in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4), while in-vivo pharmacokinetics were evaluated in rabbits, comparing a selected LLC formulation (right eye) with a TA suspension (left eye). The F5 formulation (40:60 PC: GDO) achieved sustained release of 35.4% over one month and exhibited superior stability, with 24.9% less degradation compared to F6 (60:40 PC: GDO), which showed undesirable drug crystallization. The TA-HPβCD complex demonstrated an even slower release (28%). F4 (50:50 PC: GDO) was selected as optimized formulation, demonstrated the lowest water absorption and degradation with consistent release profile. In-vivo studies further confirmed that LLCs provided a more controlled and prolonged release compared with conventional TA suspension. In conclusion, LLC-based formulations of TA offer a promising strategy for sustained intravitreal drug delivery. Their biodegradability, ease of preparation, and ability to provide prolonged therapeutic levels highlight their potential for improving the management of posterior ocular diseases.

PMID 42713735
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PubMedJournal of cataract and refractive surgery2026-09-09

Dropless cataract surgery using intraoperative subconjunctival triamcinolone: a multicentre comparative analysis of 22,000 eyes.

Stuart Alastair A, Jones Nabila N, O'Donnell Clare C, Naylor Steven S

To compare postoperative inflammatory and visual outcomes between dropless cataract surgery using intraoperative subconjunctival triamcinolone and conventional postoperative topical steroid therapy. Optegra UK, a private eye hospital providing NHS-funded cataract surgery across 17 centres. Non-randomised retrospective multicentre audit. Two postoperative regimens were compared: a dropless pathway incorporating intraoperative subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide (Kenalog®) 40 mg administered as a visible subconjunctival depot using a 30-gauge needle, and conventional postoperative topical steroid therapy. Patients with glaucoma and young high myopes (<50 years of age with axial length ≥27 mm) were excluded. Primary outcomes assessed were cystoid macular oedema (CMO), postoperative uveitis, and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. Eyes with a minimum of 12 weeks (84 days) of follow-up were included. IOP analysis was restricted to eyes with ≥14 days of postoperative follow-up. A total of 34,846 eyes were included (17,423 per group). Statistical significance was defined p value <0.05. CMO occurred in 3.3% of the topical group and 3.1% of the dropless group (RR 0.95, p=0.411). Postoperative uveitis occurred in 2.5% and 2.4% of eyes, respectively (RR 0.95, p=0.508). Steroid-related IOP elevation occurred in 0.6% in both groups (RR 1.00, p=1.00). Visual acuity and refractive outcomes were similar between groups. Dropless cataract surgery was associated with comparable rates of CMO, uveitis, and steroid-related IOP elevation compared with topical steroid regimens, with similar visual outcomes and no increase in adverse safety events. These findings support dropless pathways as an effective and safe alternative to conventional postoperative drop regimens.

PMID 42715220
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PubMedJournal of lower genital tract disease2026-09-09

Intralesional Corticosteroid Therapy for Refractory Hyperkeratotic Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Case Series.

Murciano-López José Martín JM, Lorente-Lavirgen Ana Isabel AI, Coronel Pérez Isabel María IM, Castilla-de Dios Alejandro A et al.

To describe clinical response and safety of intralesional corticosteroid therapy for adult patients with persistent or refractory hyperkeratotic vulvar lichen sclerosus after histologic exclusion of neoplasia. This was a descriptive case series of 3 adult women with vulvar lichen sclerosus and persistent hyperkeratotic plaques despite topical corticosteroid therapy. All patients underwent vulvar biopsy before intervention to exclude human papillomavirus-associated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, human papillomavirus-independent vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, or squamous cell carcinoma. A single session used 0.25 mL triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg/mL diluted 1:1 with 0.25 mL 2% lidocaine (final concentration, 20 mg/mL; total dose, 10 mg) delivered through 4 to 6 points with a 0.5-mL insulin syringe and 0.30×8-mm needle. There was no comparator. Outcomes were clinical resolution, symptoms, Vulvar Quality of Life Index (VQLI) score, photographs, and adverse events. No statistical analysis was performed because of the descriptive design and small sample size. All patients showed complete clinical resolution at 4 months and no repeat infiltration. VQLI scores decreased from 35 to 12, 31 to 8, and 22 to 10, respectively. At March 2026 follow-up (median: 11 mo; range: 10 to 12), no clinical recurrence or local/systemic adverse events were observed or reported. The main limitations were the small number of cases, lack of a control group, descriptive design, and short follow-up. Intralesional triamcinolone may be a useful rescue therapy for selected patients with persistent or refractory hyperkeratotic vulvar lichen sclerosus, provided that neoplasia is excluded and long-term surveillance is maintained.

PMID 42715226
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PubMedEinstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil)2026-09-09

Management of oral stomatitis associated with BRAFi-MEKi therapy using intralesional corticosteroid and local anesthetic: a case report.

Oliveira Maria Cecilia Querido de MCQ, Cuzzullin Maria Cláudia MC, Miranda Vallentine Louzada VL, Gomes Aline Paim de Abreu Paulo APAP et al.

This case documents the clinical pattern of a fibrinopurulent ulcer with a hyperplastic lesion that developed after the initiation of two classes of targeted therapies acting on different components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway (BRAF inhibitors [BRAFi] and MEK inhibitors [MEKi]). A 66-year-old woman was diagnosed with choroidal melanoma in the right eye in 2012 and successfully treated by choroidal melanoma resection. Tumor recurrence was diagnosed 8 years later. Nivolumab and ipilimumab were prescribed, but this combination was replaced with dabrafenib-trametinib due to disease progression. A second orbital exenteration and adjuvant radiotherapy to the orbital cavity (total dose of 4,000 cGy) were performed during dabrafenib-trametinib therapy. A few months after initiating this combination, the patient reported oral discomfort and an ulcer on the dorsum of the tongue. An incisional biopsy showed only signs of inflammation. A second biopsy demonstrated the same histological pattern. Based on clinical and histopathological findings, the final diagnosis was stomatitis associated with BRAFi-MEKi therapy. An intralesional injection of triamcinolone solution combined with 2% mepivacaine was performed. One month later, 0.05% topical corticosteroid was prescribed, and the lesion completely healed after an additional month. This report describes a previously unreported clinical presentation of an oral adverse event associated with combined BRAFi-MEKi therapy. It highlights the importance of recognizing unusual oral toxicities related to targeted therapies, as well as the role of appropriate local management in controlling symptoms and allowing the continuation of oncologic treatment.

PMID 42715459
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PubMedOcular immunology and inflammation2026-09-08

Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Noninfectious Uveitic Macular Edema: A Systematic Review of Evolving Clinical Evidence.

Dal Ali A, Erdağ Murat M, Çitirik Mehmet M

Purpose: Macular edema is a leading cause of vision loss in noninfectious uveitis (NIU). Suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide (CLS-TA) has emerged as a targeted corticosteroid delivery strategy with a favorable anatomical and functional profile. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CLS-TA in NIU-associated macular edema by synthesizing evidence from clinical trials and real-world studies.Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), supplemented by manual screening of reference lists, was conducted from database inception to March 1, 2026. Fourteen studies were included, comprising randomized controlled trials, post hoc and extension analyses, and real-world observational cohorts. Due to overlapping patient populations, a descriptive synthesis was performed.Results: Across studies, CLS-TA demonstrated consistent improvements in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ranging from +7 to +16 ETDRS letters, alongside significant reductions in central macular thickness (CMT) of approximately 152 to 200 µm. Clinically significant intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation (≥30 mmHg) occurred in fewer than 10% of patients in controlled trials and 11.8% in real-world cohorts, with prior glaucoma or ocular hypertension identified as a key risk factor. Cataract progression over 24 to 48 weeks of follow-up was infrequent and comparable to control groups.Emerging evidence supports the efficacy of CLS-TA in broader clinical contexts, including pediatric uveitis, mixed-etiology cystoid macular edema, and cases refractory to sub-Tenon corticosteroid therapy.Conclusions: Suprachoroidal CLS-TA represents an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for NIU-associated macular edema, with a favorable safety profile and expanding clinical applicability. Further long-term and comparative studies are warranted to define its role within the evolving therapeutic landscape.

PMID 42708385
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