北京若生智能科技有限公司
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acetylcysteine

✓ Approved

Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 acetylcysteine？

acetylcysteine 是一种小分子，由Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intravenous (IV)。

药物档案

公司Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc
药物类别小分子
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc

治疗适应症

acetylcysteine 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Hepatobiliary disordersHepatic function abnormal✓ Approved
Injury, poisoning and procedural complicationsToxicity to various agents✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedBMC pulmonary medicine2026-10-27

Effects of different doses of N-acetylcysteine on lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis.

Wang Yifan Y, Chen Xiaomin X, Huang Jie J

This meta-analysis seeks to examine the impact of different dosages of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on pulmonary function in individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and to clarify the dose-response relationship. Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, the Wanfang Database, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for pertinent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2000 to 2024. Research examining various dosages of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was incorporated. The methodological quality of the selected literature was evaluated utilizing the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. This Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software(version 5.4). The primary outcomes were lung function parameters, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC ratio. High-dose NAC(≥ 1200 mg/d)demonstrated significant improvements in FEV1,FVC, and the FEV1/FVC ratio, whereas low-dose NAC(<1200 mg/d)showed nonsignificant effects. Substantial heterogeneity was observed for some outcomes. However, the efficacy of the high-dose regimen remained robust following sensitivity analysis. The findings of this study provide novel evidence supporting the differential effects of various NAC doses on improving lung function parameters in COPD patients. They suggest that high-dose NAC(≥ 1200 mg/d)may represent a preferred dosing strategy for enhancing lung function in COPD. CRD420251154781.

PMID 42934635
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PubMedJournal of conservative dentistry and endodontics2026-10-27

Effect of N-acetylcysteine and calcium hydroxide on postinstrumentation pain and matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels: A randomized controlled trial.

Abdelglil Safwa Essam SE, Fouda Manar Yehia MY, Shaker Olfat Gamil OG, Abunaeem Fatma M FM

This study investigated the influence of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) intracanal medications (ICMs) on the pain intensity and levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in apical periodontitis (AP). Thirty patients with necrotic, single-rooted premolars and AP were randomly divided into two groups following cleaning and shaping: NAC and Ca(OH)2 (n = 15). Postinstrumentation pain was assessed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h using the Numerical Rating Scale. Periapical samples were collected: postinstrumentation (Ps1) and after 7 days of ICM (Ps2) to assess MMP-9 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The total incidence of postinstrumentation pain was highest at 6 h and least at 48 h in both the groups, with no statistically significant difference seen in these incidences between the two groups at any time interval (P > 0.05). After 1 week, both ICMs significantly decreased MMP-9 levels, with a significantly greater percentage reduction with Ca(OH)2 than with NAC (P < 0.001). Both NAC and Ca(OH)2 effectively reduced postinstrumentation pain and decreased MMP-9 levels in periapical tissues. While pain reduction was statistically different only at 6 and 12 h, Ca(OH)2 showed a greater percentage reduction in MMP-9 compared to NAC after 7 days.

PMID 42936829
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PubMedJournal of clinical medicine2026-10-27

Enhanced Effects of Riboflavin/UVA Crosslinking, N-Acetylcysteine, and Polydatin on Collagenase Resistance in Human Corneal and Scleral Tissue: A Pilot Ex Vivo Study.

Mazzotta Cosimo C, Cappellani Francesco F, Nanavaty Mayank A MA, Zeppieri Marco M et al.

Purpose: To investigate whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Polygonum cuspidatum extract enhance riboflavin/ultraviolet-A crosslinking (CXL), exploring a potential adjunctive strategy for corneal and scleral tissue stabilization. Methods: In this pilot ex vivo study, 12 human corneal buttons and 12 scleral strips were assigned to six groups: untreated controls, CXL alone, adjunctive treatment alone, and adjunctive treatment before, after, or both before and after CXL. Accelerated CXL was performed at 9 mW/cm2 for 10 min (5.4 J/cm2). Resistance to collagenase-mediated degradation and corneal protein release were evaluated. Results: CXL increased corneal degradation time from 7 ± 2 to 14 ± 2 days and scleral degradation time from 10 ± 2 to 19 ± 3 days. Combined pre- and post-CXL adjunctive treatment further prolonged resistance to 21 ± 2 days in corneas (p < 0.001) and 27 ± 3 days in sclerae (p < 0.01), compared with CXL alone. Corneal protein release decreased by 84% and 52% at days 5 and 10, respectively (both p < 0.01). Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that biochemical adjuncts may enhance CXL-mediated extracellular matrix stabilization, opening new perspectives for ocular wall reinforcement. This approach could support future therapeutic strategies targeting corneal weakening in keratoconus and scleral remodeling in progressive myopia, with potential extensions to refractive surgery in thin corneas. Further experimental and clinical validation is warranted.

PMID 42941352
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PubMedAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-27

N-Acetylcysteine in Schizophrenia: A Convergent Redox-Based Approach to Therapeutic Potential.

Rubio-Contreras Enric E, Pérez-Toribio Alonso A, Álvaro Patricia P, Cosialls Ana M AM et al.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) remains one of the most disabling psychiatric disorders, in large part because current antipsychotics (APs) inadequately address negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. Converging evidence implicates a set of interconnected mechanisms, NMDAR hypofunction, oxidative stress, and a possible low-grade neuroimmune activation, that converge on parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneuron dysfunction, the likely substrate of these refractory symptom domains. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is an adjunctive candidate because it may act on several of these pathways: it replenishes glutathione (GSH), restores redox balance, and modulates glutamatergic transmission, while its immunomodulatory effects remain poorly characterized in SCZ. This comprehensive review synthesizes evidence from preclinical models and clinical trials, showing that NAC produces replicated but modest benefits for negative symptoms and cognitive function, with inconsistent effects on positive symptoms. Notably, null findings in clinical-high-risk and treatment-resistant populations, together with a single exploratory subgroup analysis in early psychosis in which a peripheral redox index (erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity) was associated with positive-symptom response, raise the hypothesis that NAC efficacy may depend on a pre-existing, measurable antioxidant deficit. Adequately powered, biomarker-enriched trials that stratify patients by redox status are therefore needed to determine whether NAC is an effective targeted therapy for a mechanistically defined SCZ subgroup. Such trials would resolve whether the modest effect sizes observed in unselected populations reflect true but limited efficacy or dilution by enrolment of redox-normal patients unlikely to benefit.

PMID 42939851
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PubMedMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026-10-27

Contribution of the ROS/IRE1α Signaling Pathway to Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy-Associated Responses in BEAS-2B Cells.

Yuan Jiaming J, Chen Yanhong Y, Yao Chenjuan C, Wei Haiyan H et al.

Inorganic arsenic primarily originates from geological processes and human activities. Exposure to high concentrations of inorganic arsenic can cause diverse health problems, with lung injury being one of the main hazards. The present study sought to elucidate the cytotoxicity and underlying mechanisms of inorganic arsenic in BEAS-2B cells. The results showed that exposure of BEAS-2B cells to arsenic trioxide (As2O3) for 24 h resulted in a dose-dependent decline in viability. As2O3 triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in BEAS-2B cells, and ROS contributed to increased p-IRE1α and p-eIF2α abundance relative to β-actin, along with GRP78 protein expression. The autophagy-associated and apoptotic responses induced by As2O3 in BEAS-2B cells were likewise associated with ROS. Further analysis revealed that increased p-IRE1α abundance relative to β-actin is involved in As2O3-triggered autophagy-associated responses and apoptosis in BEAS-2B cells. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) markedly attenuated As2O3-induced apoptosis and autophagy-associated responses and reduced p-IRE1α abundance relative to β-actin. Collectively, these findings indicate that the ROS/IRE1α pathway contributes to As2O3-triggered autophagy-associated responses and apoptosis in BEAS-2B cells.

PMID 42943855
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PubMedComputational and structural biotechnology journal2026-10-27

SCOPE: A Spatial Co-registration and Omics Pipeline for Comparative Mass Spectrometry Imaging Data Analysis.

Shi Dingchang D, MacFarlane Emily E, Boughton Berin A BA, Donaldson Paul J PJ et al.

Spatially resolved omics technologies have transformed our ability to map molecular organization within tissues. However, the absence of anatomically consistent spatial units across biological replicates fundamentally limits cross-sample comparison and rigorous population-level inference at high spatial fidelity. Current approaches rely either on segmentation-dependent region definitions, which risk obscuring fine-scale molecular heterogeneity, or on analyses confined to individual specimens without cross-replicate spatial correspondence. Here, we introduce SCOPE, a spatial co-registration and omics pipeline that integrates deformable image co-registration with a shared spatial reference, HexBin, to establish anatomically homologous spatial units across samples. By enabling segmentation-free comparison while preserving high spatial fidelity, SCOPE maintains intrinsic molecular heterogeneity and supports statistically robust cross-replicate comparison. Application of SCOPE to an ex vivo bovine lens model of oxidative stress reveals region- and microdomain-specific remodeling of glutathione metabolism that is obscured by whole-tissue averaging or coarse segmentation. High-spatial-fidelity mapping identifies anterior-posterior asymmetries and localized vulnerabilities within lens fiber cell populations and enables relative quantitative evaluation of the thiol-based antioxidant therapeutic N-acetylcysteine amide. SCOPE advances spatial omics beyond segmentation-dependent and single-section descriptive analyses toward reproducible cross-sample quantitative inference, providing a scalable foundation for high-spatial-fidelity analysis across biological tissues.

PMID 42936072
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