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caffeine citrate (Cafnea)

✓ Approved

Phebra · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 caffeine citrate？

caffeine citrate 是一种小分子，由Phebra研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Cafnea
公司Phebra
药物类别小分子
给药途径Injectable (Others), Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Phebra

治疗适应症

caffeine citrate 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersApnoea✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedFrontiers in pediatrics2026-09-10

Association of caffeine citrate plus vitamin A/D drops with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and respiratory outcomes in preterm infants born at <32 weeks' gestation: a 72-h landmark retrospective cohort study.

Su Rongying R, Pei Yaohua Y

The aim of this work is to examine whether the early addition of vitamin A/D drops to caffeine citrate was associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and short-term respiratory outcomes in preterm infants born at <32 weeks' gestation. This single-center, 72-h landmark retrospective cohort study included 126 infants admitted to the hospital between October 2022 and November 2024 with a gestational age <32 weeks and birth weight ≤1.5 kg. Exposure was determined at 72 h as either caffeine alone or caffeine plus vitamin A/D drops. Complete-case analyses were performed. Among the 119 infants who survived to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age, BPD, longitudinal outcomes, and clinical course were evaluated. Multivariable regression and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were applied. BPD occurred in 20 of 55 survivors (36.4%) receiving caffeine alone and 11 of 64 (17.2%) receiving combination therapy. After adjustment for gestational age, birth weight, and grade III-IV respiratory distress syndrome, combination therapy was associated with a lower risk of BPD [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.14-0.90]. The composite outcome of death or BPD occurred in 25 of 60 infants (41.7%) in the caffeine group and 13 of 66 (19.7%) in the combination group (extended-model aOR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.14-0.80); IPTW results were consistent. Combination therapy was also associated with more favorable changes in blood gas and inflammatory markers, along with shorter durations of respiratory support and hospitalization. No serious adverse event required permanent treatment discontinuation. Among infants who survived to 72 h, early initiation of vitamin A/D drops as an adjunct to caffeine was associated with lower risks of BPD and death or BPD, as well as more favorable short-term respiratory outcomes. Non-randomized treatment allocation, complete-case selection, and residual confounding preclude causal inference.

PMID 42718862
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PubMedRSC advances2026-09-10

Green auto-combustion derived V-type hexagonal ferrite nanoparticles: local atomic structure by XAFS and dual magnetic-electrochemical caffeine sensing properties.

Hussain Sajjad S, Baig Jameel Ahmed JA, Khan Latif Ullah LU, Sadiq Imran I et al.

The use of caffeine in food and beverage products, along with its reported harmful effects at high levels, has made its accurate and reliable detection a regulatory requirement. In contrast, conventional electrochemical sensors are generally not very sensitive, selective or stable, especially for caffeine quantification in complex real-world matrices, which inspires the development of new electrode materials. To overcome this, here, we report the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with V-type hexagonal ferrite nanoparticles (SrSnFe8O15-NPs), prepared by a sol-gel-based green auto-combustion route for the development of a high-performance platform for the sensing of caffeine. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized extensively; the single-phase crystalline structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and the local atomic coordination environment was confirmed by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis with an average crystallite size larger than 30 nm. The surface morphology and particle size were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis confirmed that the high surface area of 209.6 m2 g-1 is another characteristic structural feature that is responsible for the improved electrochemical performance of the electrode. The nanoparticles were found to exhibit soft magnetic properties during vibrating sample magnetometry. Furthermore, the synthesized V-type hexagonal ferrites were employed to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), developing SrSnFe8O15-NPs/GCE for the electrochemical sensing of caffeine. Cyclic voltammetry studies revealed conductive and diffusion-controlled behavior, with the SrSnFe8O15-NPs/GCE demonstrating high sensitivity and selectivity for caffeine detection (linear ranges: 0.5 to 80 µM; detection limits: 0.025 µM, while the LOQ was 0.078 µM. The sensor was successfully tested in real commercial soft drink samples, demonstrating its potential as a reliable and sensitive sensor for the monitoring of beverage safety in the real world.

PMID 42719752
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PubMedFrontiers in oncology2026-09-10

A two-phase low-dose ACD-A strategy overcomes hypocalcemia during peripheral blood stem cell collection: a randomized controlled study.

Long Zhangbiao Z, Jin Yutong Y, Zhao Dinghui D, Li Yuxin Y et al.

Citrate anticoagulation during peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection frequently causes hypocalcemia. Conventional fixed-ratio protocols frequently employ prophylactic calcium supplementation in many centers; however, they are associated with a high citrate burden and have been linked to platelet aggregation in some reports. This randomized controlled study evaluated a two-phase low-dose Acid Citrate Dextrose formula A (ACD-A) strategy designed to reduce hypocalcemia without compromising collection efficiency. Consecutive donors undergoing PBSC collection were randomly assigned to two groups. The Control group (n=22) received a blood-to-ACD-A ratio of 10-12:1 with prophylactic intravenous calcium. The Low ACD-A group (n=21) received initial loading phase at a ratio of 10-12:1 until 1 mL/kg of ACD-A was infused, followed by maintenance at 25:1 without prophylactic calcium. The primary outcome was the incidence of hypocalcemia-related symptoms. Secondary outcomes included collection time, ACD-A intake, CD34+ cell yield, and platelet aggregation. The incidence of hypocalcemia-related symptoms was significantly lower in the Low ACD-A group than in the Control group (14% vs. 73%, P = 0.0002). Collection time was shorter (170.8 vs. 199.3 min, P = 0.0029), and ACD-A intake was substantially reduced (6.10 vs. 12.96 mL/kg, P < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed in CD34+ cell yield, enrichment ratio, yield per liter processed, or changes in ionized calcium levels between groups. Mild platelet aggregation occurred less frequently in the Low ACD-A group (9.5% vs. 41%, P = 0.0339). A two-phase low-dose ACD-A strategy significantly reduces hypocalcemia-related symptoms, shortens collection time, and decreases platelet aggregation without compromising stem cell yield or product quality. This simple modification represents a meaningful improvement over conventional citrate protocols for PBSC collection.

PMID 42718461
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PubMedBiopolymers2026-09-10

Pre-Esterification Dry Heat Treatment Enhances the Functional Properties of Starch Citrate: Enzyme Resistance and Water Absorption.

Dogadina Anna A, Tryakhov Denis D, Grishkova Svetlana S, Maslennikov Daniel D

This study investigates how pre-esterification dry heat treatment (DHT) of corn starch at 170°C, 180°C, and 200°C influences the functional properties of subsequently synthesized starch citrates. Structural and morphological changes induced by DHT and esterification were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Starch citrates were characterized for their resistance to pancreatic α-amylase and amyloglucosidase, as well as their water absorption capacity (WAC) at 37°C. Results demonstrated a strong correlation between DHT temperature and the functional properties of the final citrate. Increasing the DHT temperature significantly increased the resistant starch fraction and WAC. Specifically, citrates from native starch had a resistant starch (RS) fraction of 91%, while citrates from starch pre-treated at 200°C exhibited a markedly increased RS fraction of 98% and a 64% increase in WAC. These findings indicate that DHT is an effective pre-treatment for enhancing the dietary fiber potential and hydration properties of starch citrates.

PMID 42717628
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PubMedClinical and translational science2026-09-10

Evaluation of the Effect of Cendakimab on the Pharmacokinetics of CYP Probe Drugs in Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

Zhang Peijin P, Charriez Christina M CM, Murthy Bindu B, Basdeo Shenita S et al.

Cendakimab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits interleukin-13 binding to its receptors. Although not expected to share clearance pathways with small molecules, its use in eosinophilic esophagitis, a type 2 inflammatory disease, may indirectly affect cytochrome P450 activity by modulating cytokine signaling affecting certain cytochrome P450 enzymes. This open-label, single-sequence study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of cytochrome P450 substrates in adults with active eosinophilic esophagitis, evidenced by a peak eosinophil count of ≥ 15 per high-power field in esophageal biopsies and clinical symptoms of esophageal dysfunction, before and after 16 weeks of cendakimab treatment. Patients received a cocktail of probe substrates (caffeine 200 mg, warfarin 10 mg + vitamin K 10 mg, omeprazole 40 mg, dextromethorphan 30 mg, midazolam 5 mg) for cytochrome P450 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A in two sequential periods, separated by 16 weeks of cendakimab treatment. Blood samples were analyzed to assess pharmacokinetics. Sixteen patients were treated; 15 completed the study. Exposures (AUC and Cmax) of caffeine, S-warfarin, midazolam, and omeprazole were comparable before and after treatment. Dextromethorphan exposure showed no clinically meaningful change, although interpretation is limited by small sample size. Cendakimab was well tolerated. All adverse events were mild to moderate, with no serious adverse events, deaths or discontinuations from adverse events. No clinically relevant changes in laboratory tests, vital signs, or electrocardiograms were observed. Cendakimab had no clinically meaningful effects on cytochrome P450 enzyme activities and was generally safe and well tolerated with or without probe substrates in adults with active eosinophilic esophagitis.

PMID 42720178
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PubMedFrontiers in sleep2026-09-10

Seafarer Fatigue: a qualitative study of customer-facing staff working on UK ferries.

Maynard Sally S, Jones Wendy W, Asmal Adam A, Anund Anna A et al.

This study explores the experiences and opinions of customer-facing seafaring staff on the subject of fatigue and how it affects their work and interactions with passengers. This group is of particular interest as were there to be an emergency at sea it is those in customer-facing roles that would take responsibility for passenger safety. Data was collected from focus groups with customer-facing staff (n = 45 participants across nine discussions). Fatigue was seen to be a problem, with all focus group participants having experienced sleepiness while at work and being able to detect fatigue in others. Factors identified as contributors to fatigue included: commuting, external factors such as the weather and onboard noise and shift and roster patterns. A variety of informal, self-devised (that is, not directed by a manager) countermeasures were being employed by the focus group participants, with caffeine in the form of coffee being the most common. Participating seafarers suggested that adrenaline carries them through emergency situations so that fatigue experienced after an incident was more of a concern to them than that encountered during it. The research represents one of the first qualitative studies to subjectively investigate fatigue amongst customer-facing staff on UK ferries, understanding their lived experience is a first step toward mitigating sleep related risks for this job role. Recommendations for ferry operating companies are made.

PMID 42719732
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