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losartan + HCTZ (Gizaar / Hyzaar / Cozaar plus)

✓ Approved

Merck & Co. · AGTR1 · 小分子

什么是 losartan + HCTZ？

losartan + HCTZ 是一种小分子，由Merck & Co.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Gizaar, Hyzaar, Cozaar plus
公司Merck & Co.
药物类别小分子
分子靶点AGTR1, SLC12A3
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Merck & Co.

作用机制

分子靶点

losartan + HCTZ 作用于 2 个分子靶点：

AGTR1angiotensin II receptor type 1 (HAT1R, AT1)
SLC12A3solute carrier family 12 member 3 (NCCT, NCC)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

losartan + HCTZ 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Vascular disordersHypertension✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedCureus2026-10-26

Burning Mouth Syndrome Among Postmenopausal Women: A Clinic-Based, Cross-Sectional Study.

S R Ashwinirani A, Suragimath Girish G, Suragimath Disha G DG

Introduction Menopause is a physiological transition associated with several systemic and oral changes. Burning mouth syndrome (BMS), characterized by persistent or recurrent intraoral burning in the absence of an identifiable local or systemic cause, predominantly affects middle-aged and postmenopausal women. This study aimed to determine the clinic-based frequency of BMS and describe its demographic and clinical characteristics among postmenopausal women attending an oral medicine clinic. Materials and methods This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of the School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth, Maharashtra, India. A total of 1,230 postmenopausal women were screened between January 2025 and December 2025, of whom 278 were excluded because they did not meet the eligibility criteria or declined participation. The remaining 952 eligible participants were included in the analysis. Data regarding demographic variables, systemic comorbidities, medication history, and clinical characteristics of BMS, as well as associated subjective symptoms like oral dryness and taste disturbances, were recorded. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square test were used for analysis, with a p value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results Of the study participants, 26.5% (n=252) had BMS, with the largest proportion of women belonging to the age group of 55-59 years. Hypertension was the most prevalent systemic comorbidity, followed by diabetes mellitus. BMS symptoms were most commonly reported during the daytime, with the tongue being the most commonly affected site. Among women with BMS, oral dryness was reported most frequently in the age group of 60-65 years, whereas taste disturbances were most frequently reported in the age group of 55-59 years. Conclusion BMS was observed in one-fourth of the postmenopausal participants, with the tongue being the most commonly affected site and oral dryness and taste disturbances being frequent accompanying symptoms. Given the single-centre, cross-sectional design, the findings should be interpreted within the context of the study population and cannot establish causal relationships. Early recognition, exclusion of secondary causes, and appropriate multidisciplinary management may facilitate better clinical care for affected postmenopausal women.

PMID 42928756
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PubMedAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026-10-26

Bioengineered Stroma-Camouflaged Nanovesicles Disrupt the IDO1/CD276 Immunosuppressive Circuit to Reinvigorate Antitumor Immunity.

Zhang Ziqi Z, Luo Jing J, Zhang Mengdi M, Zhuang Jingying J et al.

The cooperative upregulation of IDO1 and the immune checkpoint CD276 in solid tumors establishes a dual immunosuppressive circuit that depletes tryptophan, accumulates kynurenines, and silences T-cells. We engineered fibroblast-mimetic nanovesicles (AM@UIO-BMS/DOX) that uniquely integrate stromal-camouflaged tumor accumulation, CD276 checkpoint blockade, and co-delivery of doxorubicin with the clinical IDO1 inhibitor BMS-986205. The fibroblast-derived membrane coating promotes accumulation in fibroblast-rich tumor regions, while surface-anchored anti-CD276 scFv enables precision tumor specific targeting and concurrent checkpoint neutralization. Within the tumor microenvironment, doxorubicin elicits immunogenic cell death, and BMS-986205 metabolically recalibrates the tryptophan-kynurenine equilibrium, relieving the metabolic suppression that otherwise blunts T-cell priming. In syngeneic tumor models, this bioengineered platform profoundly remodeled the immune microenvironment, as evidenced by a tripartite shift: enhanced dendritic cell maturation and cross-presentation, expansion of Granzyme B+ cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes, and selective depletion of CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. This concerted action effectively converted immunologically "cold" tumors into an inflamed phenotype, overcoming intrinsic chemoresistance and adaptive immune evasion. Collectively, our findings establish that bioengineered stroma-camouflaged nanovesicles disrupt the dual IDO1/CD276 immunosuppressive circuit, enhancing antitumor immunity and offering a promising strategy to surmount chemo-immunotherapy resistance in advanced solid tumors.

PMID 42928435
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PubMedCase reports in ophthalmology2026-10-25

Topical Losartan in the Management of Corneal Scarring from Trauma and Infection: A Case Series.

Shih Hueyjong H, Davies Emma C EC

Losartan inhibits ERK-mediated signaling in the noncanonical transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway, which may play a role in corneal fibrosis. Rabbit studies have shown that topical losartan can reduce stromal scarring, fibrosis, and myofibroblast formation after corneal injuries and other clinical insults. Its use in humans has since been reported for corneal scarring and haze following LASIK, corneal cross-linking, and herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections. Here, we present several additional clinical scenarios in which topical losartan has demonstrated potential efficacy in reducing corneal scarring. Cases which improved with topical losartan included a full thickness corneal laceration from an open globe injury, four cases of Pseudomonas contact-lens related corneal ulcers, one case of a likely herpetic-related corneal ulcer, and one case of a full-thickness Fusarium fungal ulcer. Topical losartan was initiated between 2 weeks to over 10 months after the initial corneal insult, with most patients starting treatment within one to 2 months of presentation. No patients experienced any significant side effects from topical losartan use. Topical losartan may be an effective treatment for corneal scarring secondary to trauma or infection either following or in conjunction with corticosteroid therapy. Patients with such scarring should be considered for inclusion in future clinical trials which investigate the efficacy and safety of topical losartan treatment.

PMID 42923547
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PubMedFrontiers in neurology2026-10-25

Drug-coated balloon, drug-eluting stent, versus bare-metal stent for vertebral artery ostial stenosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Li Zhiqiang Z, Wu Shuhui S, Wu Chao C, Yin Yue Y et al.

Stenosis at the origin of the vertebral artery (VAOS) accounts for approximately one in five posterior circulation ischemic events. Bare-metal stents (BMS) have been the conventional endovascular treatment, but restenosis occurs in 11-67% of cases. Drug-coated balloons (DCB) and drug-eluting stents (DES) are alternative strategies; however, no network meta-analysis has compared all three modalities specifically at the vertebral origin. Five databases-PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, CNKI, and Wanfang-were searched from 2010 through May 2026 for studies comparing at least two of DCB, DES, or BMS in adults with symptomatic VAOS. The search identified 499 records; 393 underwent title and abstract screening after deduplication, from which 60 full-text articles were assessed. A frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted using the netmeta package (R 4.5.2), with Bayesian sensitivity analysis. The primary endpoint was imaging-confirmed restenosis (≥50%). The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420261413981). Seven studies (three randomized trials and four observational cohorts, N = 970; range 46-217) met the inclusion criteria. Compared with BMS, both DES (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.17-0.45) and DCB (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18-0.83) reduced restenosis. DES and DCB did not differ significantly from each other (OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.58-3.50). Between-study heterogeneity was modest (I 2 = 20.5%). Although the point estimate suggests modest heterogeneity, the wide confidence interval and the small number of studies limit precision. Low I 2 in a small network should not be equated with clinical homogeneity. P-scores ranked DES first (88.9%), DCB second (60.7%), and BMS last (0.4%). For perioperative safety, DCB ranked highest (P-score 90.0%). Both DES and DCB reduce restenosis compared with BMS in VAOS. Both DES and DCB are associated with lower restenosis rates than BMS. The relative anti-restenosis efficacy of DES versus DCB remains uncertain due to the absence of direct head-to-head comparisons. Treatment selection should be individualized based on lesion characteristics and procedural considerations. The DCB evidence base remains small, and head-to-head comparisons of DES versus DCB at the vertebral origin are needed. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261413981, Identifier: CRD420261413981.

PMID 42923109
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PubMedNutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)2026-10-25

Eating behavior and quality of life of individuals in the late postoperative period of bariatric and metabolic surgery.

Abreu Ana Clara Pereira ACP, Gonzaga do Carmo Simone S, Cavalcanti Maria Eduarda Coelho Bittencourt MECB, Maia Ruanda Pereira RP et al.

To evaluate eating behavior in individuals in the late postoperative period of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) and to examine its association with health-related quality of life and self-rated health. This cross-sectional study included adult patients of both sexes, 2-7 y after BMS. Eating behavior was assessed using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-18), and health-related quality of life dimensions and self-rated health were evaluated using the EQ-5D-3L. Descriptive statistics and the Shapiro-Wilk test assessed data distribution. Spearman correlations and adjusted logistic regression models examined associations between eating behavior factors and quality-of-life outcomes, controlling for age, sex, postoperative time, and body mass index (BMI). A total of 136 individuals (124 women; mean age 40.4 ± 7.7 y; preoperative and current BMI of 42.2 ± 5.5 and 29.5 ± 5.1 kg/m², respectively) were included. Cognitive restraint and emotional eating showed the highest mean scores, while pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression were the most frequently impaired quality-of-life dimensions. Uncontrolled and emotional eating showed significant inverse correlations with overall quality of life (r = -0.239, P = 0.005; r = -0.195, P = 0.023) and self-rated health (r = -0.218, P = 0.011; r = -0.191, P = 0.026). Both behaviors were independently associated with modest higher odds of anxiety/depression problems (OR = 1.03; P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). In the late postoperative period after BMS, uncontrolled and emotional eating were associated with poorer quality of life and self-rated health, supporting the importance of long-term follow-up that includes assessment of eating behavior and quality-of-life outcomes.

PMID 42925582
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PubMedInternational immunopharmacology2026-10-25

Breaking the barrier: MMP2/HAase dual-triggered liposomal nanoplatform for enhanced tumor penetration and immunogenic cell death.

Kong Liang L, Zang Juan J, Wang Jia-Hua JH, Liu Mo M et al.

Lung cancer is an invasive tumor prone to metastasis with poor treatment outcomes. Traditional chemotherapy fails largely due to poor tumor enrichment, low sensitivity to tumor microenvironment and severe whole-body toxicity. Herein, we built a dual-enzyme responsive Trojan horse liposome (B/T-PTX-Lip) to co-deliver paclitaxel (PTX) and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor BMS-1 for precise lung cancer therapy. Prepared by thin-film hydration, the liposome was modified with MMP2-cleavable peptide and hyaluronic acid to achieve active tumor targeting and microenvironment-triggered drug release. Characterizations confirmed its uniform size, good dispersion, high drug loading and stable storage. Dual-enzyme treatment triggered rapid carrier disassembly, boosting intracellular drug release and lysosome escape in LLC cells. In vitro data showed B/T-PTX-Lip strongly inhibited LLC proliferation, migration and invasion while promoting apoptosis. It raised cellular reactive oxygen species, induced immunogenic cell death and reduced PD-L1 expression. In vivo fluorescence imaging revealed robust tumor aggregation in subcutaneous and lung metastasis mouse models. Animal treatment tests proved potent suppression on primary tumors and pulmonary metastasis, with good biosafety. This dual-enzyme responsive smart liposome offers an effective, low-toxic targeted chemoimmunotherapy strategy for lung cancer, showing promising clinical translational value.

PMID 42927713
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