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calcitonin (Calsynar / calcitonin, Aventis / Calcin)

✓ Approved

Sanofi S.A · CALCR · 多肽类

什么是 calcitonin？

calcitonin 是一种多肽类，由Sanofi S.A研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Inhaled。

药物档案

商品名Calsynar, calcitonin, Aventis, Calcin
公司Sanofi S.A
药物类别多肽类
分子靶点CALCR
给药途径Inhaled
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Sanofi S.A

作用机制

分子靶点

calcitonin 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

CALCRcalcitonin receptor (CT-R, CTR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

calcitonin 针对 3 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Surgical and medical proceduresHypercalcaemia therapy✓ Approved
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersOsteitis deformans✓ Approved
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersOsteoporosis✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedActa physiologica (Oxford, England)2026-07-27

From the Perspective of the Peripheral Sensory Nervous System: The Role of Vitamin D in Neurogenic Inflammatory Skin Disorders.

Commaroto Sarah A SA, Granstein Richard D RD

Vitamin D (VD) is a secosteroid hormone with critical physiologic roles in calcium homeostasis and bone mineralization. Recently, studies have uncovered VD's broader effects on immune system and nervous system function. VD receptors (VDRs) and enzymes responsible for the metabolism of VD have been discovered in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and nociceptive sensory neurons, implicating VD as a potential regulator of neurogenic inflammation. Neurogenic inflammation is a phenomenon in which sensory nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are activated and release neuropeptides such as substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), resulting in vasodilation, cytokine production, and immune cell infiltration. This process has been shown to drive chronic inflammatory skin disorders, including atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. VD has been recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis and management of both conditions; however, the mechanism underlying its clinical benefits remains unclear. Emerging evidence has shown VD to influence CGRP signaling, interleukin-6 (IL-6) production, and TRPV1 channel activity-pathways that are integral to nociception and pruritus, as well as the Th17- and Th2-driven inflammation seen in psoriasis and AD, respectively. Thus, this review provides an overview of VD's possible mechanistic role in neurogenic skin inflammation and the implications of these pathways for identifying new therapeutic targets for psoriasis and AD.

PMID 42503299
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PubMedEndokrynologia Polska2026-07-27

Assessment of phenotypes in a unique group of RET proto-oncogene Y791F variant carriers in the Polish population.

Hasse-Lazar Kornelia K, Kotecka-Blicharz Agnieszka A, Gawlik Tomasz T, Kołton Magdalena M et al.

Among all RET proto-oncogene variants, Y791F has been the most controversial and widely debated with regard to itspathogenicity and clinical significance. Medical records of 104 RET Y791F variant carriers were retrospectively analyzed. The population comprised 30 probands with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), 6 probands with pheochromocytoma, 63 family members, and 5 patients in whomthe RET Y791F variant was found during genetic screening. The characteristics of the 30 RET Y791F carriers with MTC were comparedwith those of the control group of 208 patients with sporadic MTC. The median age at surgery in the 30 probands with MTC was 58 years (range: 20-79), and in the control group with sporadic MTC it was 55 years (range: 21-80), with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.16). Multifocal MTC was observed in 8 of 30 operatedprobands (26%) and in 29 of 208 patients (13.9%) with sporadic disease (p = 0.07). Prophylactic surgery was performed in 21 familymembers. No MTC was identified in the postoperative material. Among patients under surveillance, none of the RET Y791F carriersshowed any abnormalities on thyroid ultrasound or any increase in calcitonin concentration. None of the followed-up patients (except 6after adrenalectomy) was diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. None of the 104 RET Y791F carriers had hypercalcemia. Based on our results, individuals with the RET Y791F variant do not require enhanced clinical surveillance or prophylactic intervention and should be managed according to general population guidelines, unless additional clinical indications arise.

PMID 42504689
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PubMedThe Journal of comparative neurology2026-07-27

Anatomical Characteristics of Tongue-Innervating Mechanoreceptors.

Myers Thomas A TA, Sneve Madison M, Krimm Robin F RF

Mechanosensory innervation of the oral cavity enables us to detect the texture and location of the foods we consume. Our goal was to find a genetic identifier for a mechanoreceptive subtype. Toward this goal, we examined neurons expressing the neurotrophin receptor TrkC (TrkC-tdTomato), parvalbumin (Pvalb), or glutamate transporter, Vglut3. We found that the majority of Pvalb-lineage, Vglut3-lineage, and TrkC-tdTomato neurons innervating the tongue are separate trigeminal neuron populations. Because different papilla types contribute to food detection in different ways, we examined the innervation patterns of these neuron subtypes. We found that Pvalb-lineage and Vglut3-lineage neurons were fungiform papilla-specific, whereas TrkC+ fibers innervated both papilla types. We found that all Pvalb-lineage nerve fibers are labeled with neurofilament heavy chain (NFH), have axons that are surrounded by myelin basic protein, and lack calcitonin gene-related peptide. This indicates that these are all myelinated neurons. In contrast, Vglut3-lineage and TrkC-tdTomato nerve fibers were a mixed population of NFH+ nerve fibers and NFH- nerve fibers, as well as myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers. When we examined the axonal ending morphologies of the three genetic populations, we found that the Pvalb-lineage neurons consistently displayed a "basket-like" axonal ending that surrounded the taste bud. While TrkC+ and Vglut3-lineage neurons sometimes displayed this "basket-like" axonal ending, other axonal endings lacked this structure. When compared across groups, the Vglut3-lineage axonal endings displayed the greatest degree of morphological variability. Collectively, these data show that Pvalb-lineage may be a genetic identifier for a single myelinated mechanoreceptor innervating fungiform papillae.

PMID 42504741
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PubMedNuclear medicine and molecular imaging2026-07-26

Therapeutic Outcomes of 177Lu-DOTATATE Targeted Therapy in Patients with Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Case Series of 10 Patients.

Saeed Farzanehfar F, Hossein Reza R, Yalda Salehi S, Reza Ghasri Mohammad GM et al.

Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT), specifically peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE is an established treatment for somatostatin receptor-expressing neuroendocrine tumors across different grades; however, its efficacy in other tumors expressing somatostatin receptors remains less defined. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PRRT with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE in patients with medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) who presented with progressive recurrence or metastases refractory to standard therapies. Ten patients with MTC (3 females, 7 males; mean age 45.0 ± 13.0 years) underwent slow intravenous injection of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE combined with lysine-arginine co-infusion in 2000 mL normal saline. Each patient received a median of 4 cycles (IQR: 3.0-5.3) with a mean activity of 5.5 ± 1.5 GBq per cycle. Post-treatment imaging and serial measurements of calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were performed. Hematologic and biochemical toxicities were assessed according to CTCAE criteria. Calcitonin levels showed a marked numerical decline from 6452.6 ± 8565.7(median:1897.5, interquartile range:127-12993.8) pg/mL to 540.9 ± 632.1 (390, IQR;141.8-723.3) pg/mL, although this change did not reach conventional statistical significance (P = 0.093), while CEA levels decreased significantly from 119.0 ± 186.2 (40, IQR:10.9-199) ng/ml ng/mL to 56.1 ± 67.9 (22, deIQR:5.7-112.3) ng/mL (P = 0.017). Based on calcitonin levels, biochemical response, stable disease, and progression were observed in 4, 4, and 2 patients, respectively; in contrast, CEA showed a biochemical response in 3 patients, with the remaining 7 demonstrating stable disease and no cases of biochemical progression. The median percentage reductions from baseline were clinically meaningful, reaching - 39.3% for calcitonin and - 25.8% for CEA. On imaging assessment, the best overall response comprised partial response in 4 patients, stable disease in 4 patients, and progressive disease in 2 patients. Only grade 1 hematologic toxicity was observed, with no hepatic or renal toxicity detected. White blood cell counts declined from 6144.4 ± 2362.3/µL to 4927.8 ± 1635.3/µL (P = 0.027), while other hematologic, renal, and hepatic parameters remained stable. [177Lu]Lu -DOTA-TATE PRRT was safe and effective in controlling disease progression and reducing tumor markers in MTC patients unresponsive to conventional therapy, supporting further evaluation in larger studies.

PMID 42502651
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PubMedEuropean journal of pharmacology2026-07-25

Tumor Expression of CGRP Confers Sensitivity to Growth Inhibition by the Anti-CGRP Antibody Fremanezumab.

Buonvicino Daniela D, Pistolesi Alessandra A, Lapucci Andrea A, Molli Alice A et al.

Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide exerting key neuromodulatory, vasoactive and immune functions within the periphery and central nervous system. Drugs targeting CGRP such as anti-CGRP mAbs or small molecule CGRP receptor antagonists have been recently approved for prevention and acute treatment of migraine. A growing body of evidence, however, indicates that CGRP plays key roles in tumor growth. Specifically, the neuropeptide promotes tumor angiogenesis, counteracts antitumor immune responses, and supports cancer proliferation in nutrient-poor environment via autophagic activation. There is general agreement that tumor-infiltrating sensory nerve fibers represent the source of CGRP within neoplasms. In keeping with the tumorigenic role of CGRP, several studies report anticancer effects of rimegepant, a CGRP receptor antagonist. In the present study, by means of in vitro and xenograft models we build upon these findings showing that CGRP can be released within the tumor microenvironment directly by cancer cells. Of note, the migraine preventative anti-CGRP mAb fremanezumab selectively counteracted growth to CGRP-proficient tumors. The antitumoral effect occurred in spite of lack of evidence for intratumoral sensory fiber infiltration, angiogenesis inhibition, or promotion of autophagy. The antibody, however, by altering ERK signaling, might counteract MAPK-dependent growth signaling in CGRP-expressing tumors. Collectively, our findings disclose for the first time the tumorigenic effects of CGRP released from cancer cells and suggest the translational potential of clinically available anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies as a therapeutic strategy for cancer.

PMID 42498203
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PubMedThe journal of headache and pain2026-07-24

Tear fluid Calcitonin gene-related peptide in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension headache - a prospective case-control study.

Thunstedt Cem C, Shehi Ad A, Eren Ozan E OE, Straube Andreas A et al.

Headache is the most common symptom of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and may persist despite therapy, with a significant impact on quality of life. Since calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology and management of primary headaches such as migraine, this raises the question whether CGRP also contributes to headache in IIH. Therefore, we compared tear fluid CGRP levels between IIH patients with headache and healthy controls, and in IIH patients before and after CSF pressure normalization by therapeutic lumbar puncture. IIH patients with headache attributed to IIH and healthy controls were included. To avoid confounding with chronic migraine, IIH patients with a chronic migraine phenotype were excluded. Tear fluid was collected from IIH patients and controls. In IIH patients, an additional measurement was performed approximately 3 h after therapeutic lumbar puncture. CGRP levels were analyzed using a commercially available ELISA. Twenty-three IIH patients (all female; age: 34.0 ± 8.8 years) and 20 healthy controls (all female, age: 25.7 ± 5.5 years) were included. IIH patients had 16.4 ± 12.3 headache days per month and headache was mostly bilateral and pressing. Baseline tear fluid CGRP levels were significantly lower in IIH patients compared to healthy controls (2.4 ± 1.2 ng/ml vs. 4.9 ± 4.2 ng/ml, p < 0.001). There was no significant change in CGRP levels in IIH patients before vs. after therapeutic lumbar puncture (2.4 ± 1.2 vs. 2.4 ± 1.7 ng/ml, p = 0.236). Similarly, in the subgroup with immediate headache improvement, CGRP levels remained unchanged (before: 2.2 ± 0.9 ng/ml, after: 2.8 ± 2.4 ng/ml; p = 0.674). Tear fluid CGRP levels were lower in IIH patients with headache but without a chronic migraine phenotype compared to healthy controls. In addition, CSF pressure normalization was not associated with changes in CGRP levels after 3 h. These results do not support a major role of CGRP in IIH-associated headache without a chronic migraine phenotype. The study was previously registered at the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS www.drks.de) (DRKS00025278), Trial registration date 25.06.2021.

PMID 42493780
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