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ketoprofen spray

✓ Approved

Giuliani · PTGS1 · 小分子

什么是 ketoprofen spray？

ketoprofen spray 是一种小分子，由Giuliani研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Transdermal。

药物档案

公司Giuliani
药物类别小分子
分子靶点PTGS1, PTGS2
给药途径Transdermal
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Giuliani

作用机制

分子靶点

ketoprofen spray 作用于 2 个分子靶点：

PTGS1prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (COX3, PCOX1)
PTGS2prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (GRIPGHS, hCox-2)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

ketoprofen spray 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Hepatobiliary disordersHepatitis✓ Approved
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersMusculoskeletal pain✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2026-09-11

The Effect of Varenicline Nasal Spray on the Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease and Tear Film Stability: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Stephenson P Dee PD, Matossian Cynthia C

To evaluate the effect of varenicline nasal spray (VNS) 0.03 mg on the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) and tear film stability. In this prospective, placebo-controlled study, 50 DED subjects were randomized to receive either VNS 0.03 mg nasal spray or its vehicle twice daily for 28 days. Study parameters included dry eye questionnaire score (DEQS), eye dryness score (EDS), corneal (CFS) and conjunctival fluorescein staining, non-invasive tear break-up time (TBUT), surface asymmetry index (SAI), and surface regularity index (SRI). Post treatment, the improvement in mean symptom scores, including DEQS (23% vs 12%, p=0.022) and EDS (44% vs 27%, p = 0.012), was significantly higher in the VNS group compared to the vehicle group. The mean CFS and conjunctival staining scores also showed significantly higher improvement (~50% vs ~20%, p<0.001) in the VNS group compared to the vehicle. The mean change in non-invasive TBUT was higher in the VNS group (70% vs 30%, p = 0.680). The mean improvement in SAI and SRI were comparable between the two groups. There were no serious adverse events in either group. There was a statistically significant improvement in the symptoms and signs of DED in the VNS group. These results indicate that improving natural tear production using VNS nasal spray can help foster tear film stability and ocular homeostasis over time. NCT05514041.

PMID 42724843
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PubMedFrontiers in plant science2026-09-11

Plant-derived, stress-responsive microRNA mimics reduce powdery mildew infections of barley.

Ahmad Aftab A, Khalid Kinza K, Idnurm Alexander A, Vaghefi Niloofar N et al.

Barley powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria hordei, leads to economic losses worldwide. Here, in silico analyses and proof-of-concept experiments were conducted to determine if specific plant-derived synthetic microRNAs (miRNAs) may be considered as a new direction for the control of barley powdery mildew. Previous studies have demonstrated that barley miRNAs regulate plant immunity against B. hordei. Based on the predicted targets of stress-responsive miRNAs in barley, four miRNAs that are upregulated during biotic stresses were selected and applied through Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS). Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) constructs were designed and synthesized for the four selected miRNAs and sprayed on detached barley leaf segments that were subsequently infected with B. hordei. Visual disease symptoms and the B. hordei micro-colony index were significantly reduced in the treated leaf segments compared to the control. Quantitative PCR analysis confirmed a significant reduction in the relative B. hordei DNA abundance six days post infection. These results confirmed that the selected plant-derived synthetic miRNAs suppress the development of barley powdery mildew under experimental conditions. This is the first study to show that plant-derived, stress-responsive synthetic miRNAs reduced infection caused by fungal pathogens when applied through SIGS. Our approach could be applied in further experiments focusing on functional analyses of miRNAs in a time-efficient manner, and without requiring miRNA overexpression via genetic transformation.

PMID 42724829
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PubMedInternational journal of nanomedicine2026-09-11

The Significant Impact of the Evolution of Porous Architecture in Sol-Gel Processed-Nanoscale ZnO-Bearing Bioactive Glass in a Physiological Environment.

Malpani Mahesh M, Chattopadhyay Saikat S, Misra Raja Devesh Kumar RDK, Misra Kamakhya Prakash KP

The incorporation of network stabilizer trace elements such as zinc in bioactive glass is an effective strategy to enhance biological response and modulate degradation kinetics. However, the quantitative relation among ZnO concentration, lattice micro-strain, and evolution of dynamic pore during in vitro mineralization remains unclear. Bioactive glass (BG) film with different concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized through sol-gel spray pyrolysis method at 100 °C, followed by thermal treatment at 250 °C. In vitro bioactivity was assessed by 28 days of immersion in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution (EBSS). Crystallographic evolution, elemental composition, microstructural morphology, and pore distribution were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy‑dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The systematic addition of ZnO NPs controls the matrix dissolution and maintains the integrity of the structure. Quantitative analysis of pore size exhibits large scale degradation of glass matrix in undoped bioactive glass, whereas ZnO NPs embedded BG maintains a controlled micro‑porosity range between 0.4-2.5 μm over 28 days of immersion in EBSS. The value of lattice micro-strain (ε) demonstrates that stability of structure is improved as the concentration of ZnO increases. Furthermore, XRD confirms the progressive nucleation growth of hydroxyapatite (HA) layer, corresponding to characteristic reflection peak at 32.08°. The porous architecture provides high surface area that accelerates rapidly the ion exchange process and nucleation of HA for bone bonding. ZnO NPs act as an effective network modifier that rapidly inhibits the collapse of BG matrix and stabilizes the bioactive interface. The quantitative analysis reveals that micro-strain stability and surface pore dynamics are systematically controlled by ZnO doping, which demonstrates an optimized framework for enhanced bone interfacial bonding and tissue engineering applications.

PMID 42724777
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PubMedFrontiers in microbiology2026-09-11

Inactivation kinetics of Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica in reconstituted powdered infant formula and survival during subsequent storage.

Kaur Gurjot G, Fay Megan L ML, Raju Raswanth M RM, Pendyala Bhavya S BS et al.

Powdered infant formula (PIF) has been implicated as a potential vehicle for foodborne pathogens, such as Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica, which can cause life-threatening infections in infants. For high-risk infants, public health agencies recommend using hot water to reconstitute PIF for safety. This study evaluated the influence of reconstitution water temperature on pathogen inactivation and subsequent survival and growth during storage. Milk-based (MB) and soy-based (SB) PIF were inoculated with C. sakazakii or S. enterica via spray atomization and left to stabilize for 1 month. Inoculated PIF was reconstituted using water at 25, 45, 70, 85, or 100 °C. A low-volume (LV) and a high-volume (HV) preparation were assessed. The dynamic log-linear model was applied to describe pathogen inactivation kinetics, and storage studies were subsequently conducted at 5, 10, and 25 °C for up to 48 h. Increasing the initial water temperature significantly enhanced pathogen inactivation in PIF, with substantial population reductions (>4 log CFU/mL) achieved with 85 and 100 °C water. Reconstitution of PIF at 70 °C provided moderate inactivation (2-3 log CFU/mL reduction). Sample volume had inconsistent effects on inactivation rates, with HV samples exhibiting slower cooling but not always greater pathogen reductions. Both pathogens demonstrated heat resistance, with observed outgrowth of S. enterica in SB-PIF at certain volume-temperature combinations. During storage of reconstituted PIF, both pathogens demonstrated regrowth at 25 °C, minimal to no growth at 10 °C, and no growth at 5 °C after 48 h. These findings highlight the need for immediate consumption or refrigeration of reconstituted PIF after preparation. The results of this study provide information on the safe preparation and handling of PIF by quantifying temperature-dependent pathogen inactivation in two different formulations.

PMID 42723919
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PubMedSAGE open nursing2026-09-11

Effectiveness of a Thirst Relief Program in Reducing Thirst Intensity and Distress Among ICU Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Rajabzadeh Tavil Zohre Z, Miri Kheizaran K, Namazinia Mohammad M, Hajiabadi Fatemeh F et al.

Thirst is a common and distressing symptom among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) but is often overlooked because of its subjective nature and patients' limited ability to communicate discomfort. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a structured nurse-led thirst relief program in reducing thirst intensity and thirst-related distress among ICU patients. A two-group randomized controlled trial was conducted in the medical, surgical, and neurological ICUs of Qaem and Imam Reza hospitals, Mashhad. Eighty-two patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 41) or the control group (n = 41). The intervention group received a structured thirst relief program from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., including cold water spray, moist oral swabs, and 0.1% menthol lip application. Thirst intensity was assessed every two hours using a Numeric Rating Scale, and thirst-related distress was measured before and after the intervention using the Thirst Distress Scale for Heart Failure. The control group received routine ICU care. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between groups. Thirst intensity decreased in both groups but was significantly lower in the intervention group at 8:00 p.m. (median 6.0 [Q1-Q3: 5.0-7.0] vs. 6.0 [6.0-7.0], p = 0.035). Post-intervention thirst distress was also significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (15.8 ± 4.1 vs. 23.7 ± 3.7, p < 0.001), with a greater mean reduction in thirst distress (9.9 ± 4.5 vs. 2.5 ± 2.1, p < 0.001). A structured nurse-led thirst relief program effectively reduced both thirst intensity and thirst-related distress among ICU patients. Given its simplicity, low cost, and non-invasive nature, this intervention can be integrated into routine ICU nursing care to improve patient comfort. Further multicenter studies are warranted to confirm its long-term effectiveness across diverse clinical settings.

PMID 42724175
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PubMedAAPS PharmSciTech2026-09-10

Spray Freeze Drying for Solid Formulations of RNA Lipid Nanoparticles.

Arte Kinnari Santosh KS, Sapkota Rachana R, Patil Chanakya D CD, Huang Yijing Y et al.

Spray-freeze drying (SFD) is a promising drying technique for stabilizing RNA lipid nanoparticles (RNA-LNPs) by converting them into solid-state formulations. This study examined the impact of the SFD process and the widely utilized stabilizing disaccharides, such as sucrose and trehalose, on the major properties (e.g. particle size, encapsulation efficiency) of RNA-LNPs post drying. Various process parameters, such as atomization, freezing, and drying temperature, were systematically evaluated, along with the impact of incorporating annealing post freezing step. Surface area measurements, solid-state particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and solid-state NMR spectroscopy were employed to gain deeper insights into powder characteristics and matrix mobility. Our findings demonstrated that sucrose provided superior stabilization as compared to trehalose in our tested formulations and processes. Moreover, incorporation of the annealing process enhanced LNP stability. Results from the stability study revealed that the annealed 10% and 20% sucrose formulations maintained their stability, highlighting the potential of optimized SFD processing for producing solid formulations of RNA-LNPs.

PMID 42717177
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